US253082A - Steam-boiler - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1,

J. H. MEISSNER.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 253,082. Patented Jem.. 31,1882.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.) J. H. MBISSNER.

STEAM BOILBB.

No.253,082. PatentedJan. 31,1882.

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JULIUS H. MEISSNER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 253,082, dated January 31, 1882.

K Application lled September 10, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.'

Beit known that I, JULIUS IAI. MEISSNER, of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in sectional steam-boilers, and has for its object the construction ofa boiler having a large heatin g-surface, water-surface, an d steam-space, an efficient circulation, and which can be easily kept clean and in repair.

My invention consists ofthe particular construction of the boiler, which will be hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure l is a longitudinal section of my improved boiler. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section in line x m, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section in line y y, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section in line z e, Fig. l.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the grate, which may be of any ordinary and well-known construction; but I prefer a shelving grate, as shown.

A represents the bridge-wall, and A2 the combustion-chamber above the grate.

B represents one or more cylindrical boilers arranged transversely on the roof of the combustion-chamber AZ over the grate.

C C C represent several boiler-sections arranged in the direct flue or dame-passage C behind the bridge-wall A. Each of the boilersections C is colnposed of an upper shell, D, and a lower shell, E, both arranged transversely or at right angles to the directions of the draft, and vertical water-tubes d el d2, rPhe latter are made cylindrical in form, except the portions flac thereof, to which the water-tubes are fastened, which portions are flattened, as clearly shown. One ofthe shells D E, preferably the upper shell, is made so large in diameter that the water-tubes d, upon being loosened in their sockets, can be drawn into the shell and rcmoved through a man-hole, thus permitting each tube d to be readily removed from the boiler and replaced by a new tube without disturbiu g any other tube. The tubes d are made of the usual size of which water-tubes are ordinarily made, and secured. in their sockets in the flat tube-sheets by expanding and calk'ing in the well-known manner. The tubes d at both ends of each section are made round or oval in cross-section, and much larger than the tubes d, the proportion being preferably such that the aggregate area ofthe tubes d is nearly as large as that of the tubes d d The tubes d are provided at both ends with anges,which are riveted or bolted to the shells D Il, and the tubes d2 are secured to the shells in the same manner, so that the tubes cl l2 serve as stays whereby the shells D E are firmly connected, and which do away with the necessity of employing stay-rods for the purpose.

G G represent two fire-walls, which extend forward from the bridge-wall A', and which inclose the direct flue or dame-passage C. The walls G G are arranged between the watertubes d and the enlarged end tubes, d', whereby the latter are shielded against the heat in the direct flue in which the tubes d are arranged. By this means the tubes d are eX- posed to a much greater degree of heat than the end tubes, d', whereby a rapid circulation is established in each section, the current being upward in the hot tubes d and downward in the cooler tubes d.

H representsa steam-drum arranged lengthwise over the shells B and D, and connected therewith by short pipes 7L.

I represents brick arches which cover the shells B and D, and which forni the roofs of the flues or flame-passages.

i are short connecting-pipes whereby communication is established between the shells B D. As shown in the drawings, the pipes t' are arranged within the direct iiue C', underneath the roof thereof; but, if preferred, such connections may be arranged outside of the side walls, G.

K represents a mud-drum arranged lengthwise under the cylinders B and sections C. The sections C are connected with the drum K by pipes 7c', which are large enough to permit a man to pass through them, so that upon removing a man-hole cover at one end of the drur'n K a man can enter the latter and pass from the same through the connecting-pipes k into the lower shells, E, and thence through the pipes d d into the upper shells, D. The latter are provided with chains h2, which are secured with their upper ends in the shells and depend into the tubes d', so that a man upon taking hold of these chains can draw himself up `through the tubes d. The shells B are connected with the mud-drum K by pipes k3,

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which establish a com municatiou between the water-spaces of the shell B and the mud-drum. la* represents a blow-oft' pipe connected with the mud-drum. l

L represents the rear wall of the direct flue C. M represents the outer portion of the side walls of the combustion-chamber A2, and M theinner portion ofthesewalls, which are separated from the outer portion by an air-space, I, to prevent radiation. rlhe inner walls, M', do not quite reach up to the shells B, but leave narrow spaces m below the shells, through which the flame can enter and come in contact with the shells throughout their entire length inside of the outer portions of the walls M. The shells rest upon the outer portions of the walls M, whereby the inner walls, M', which are in direct contact with the heat, can be renewed, when required, without disturbing the shells B.

N N represent the outer side walls, and O the rear wall, ofthe brick casing of the boiler. P represents a return-flue, which connects with the rear end of the direct iiue C', and runs backward under the latter to the bridge-wall A, the two flues being separated by tiles or other fire-proof flooring, p, interposed between the lower shells, E, and resting on angle-irons secured to the saine, as clearly shown in Fig. l.

Q Q represent two side iiues formed between theinnerwalls, GG, and the outerwalls, N N. The side dues, Q, are connected with the return-flue P by openings q, extending through the inner walls, G, in rear of the bridge-wall A. The lowerportions ofthe lower shells, E, the mud-drum K, and the connecting-pipes k', are arranged in the return-Hue P. The ends of the shells D and E and the conmeeting-pipes d are arranged in the side lines, Q. rlhe latter connect with the chimney by means of a passage, It, provided with a suitable da-mper, 1'. The iiame and the heated gases in the combustion -chamber A2 come first in Contact with the cylinder-boilers B, which are suficiently raised above the grate to permit of a good combustion of the fuel before the flames come in contact with the cool surface of the boilers. After passing over the bridge-wall the ilanie and heated gases come in contact with the water-tubes of the first section C. These tubes are arranged to break joint, so that the ame and gases are compelled to pass between them in a sinuous course. After leaving the water-tubes of the first section C the flame and heated gases eommingle freely in the open space between the sections and then pass on to the next section. After leaving the last section the gases descend into the return-flue P and pass through the latter to the rear side of the bridge-wall A', heating in their course the lower portions of the shells E, the mud-drum K, and the pipes It. From the return-Hue P the gases pass by the openings q into the side ues, Q, through which they pass forward until they reach the passage It, which leads to the chimney. The gases entering the side flues, Q, have been deprived of the greater portion of their heat, and the end pipes, el', are therefore much less heated than the water-pipes d in the direct Hue C. The side walls, G, confine the heat and concentrate it upon the water-pipes d and those portions of the shells D E which are exposed in the direct due C. The side flues, Q, being arranged on the outer sides of the walls G prevent the radiation of heat outward from the direct flue C.

S are hollow boxes or flues, open 'at-both ends, which are arranged in the side walls, G N, and which open into the spaces between the sections G, above the floor p, and at the end of the direct line C', for the purpose of permitting access to these spaces when necessary. The dust, ashes, and soot adhering to the watertubes and shells are readily detached therefrom by introducing a steam-jet through the tlues S, and the dust so accumulating on the flooring p is readily removed through these boxes, which are provided with suitable doors, s', at their outer ends.

T represents a door in the outer walls, N, through which access is had to the side fines, Q.

The shells E and B rest, by means of brackets or saddles u, on bed-plates a', arranged in the foundation-walls. Rollers are interposed between the brackets and the plates for the purpose of permitting the sections to move freely in expanding and contracting.

My improved boiler combines great strength with a large grate and heating-surface and water and steam capacity, it possesses a good circulation, and is readily built and kept in repair.

I am aware that short tubes capable of being removed upwardly have been used in marine boilers in connection with closed sides, and a water-space inclosing the tubes and connecting the upper and lower water-spaces, forming a continuous shell, and this I do not claim.

I am aware that it is not new broadly to arrange one shell over another, so that the tubes can be drawn from within the upper shell.

I claim as my invention 1. Asteam-boiler com posed of a series of sections, having an upperand lower shell or drum and horizontal connections, substantially as shown, said shells or drums being connected by water-tubes d, of a length less than the space within the walls ofthe shells or drums, whereby the tubes may be put in place or withdrawn from the inside of the drum, as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination, in a steam-boiler composed of an upper and lower section or drum connected by water-tubes the length of which is less than the space within the walls of the drum, said tubes being thus adapted to be placed or withdrawn from within the drum, of outer circulating and connecting tubes for staying and supporting the drums, as hereinbefore set forth.

Witnesses:

JNO. J. BONNER, EDW. J. BRADY.

J. Il. MEISSNER.

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