US2527600A - Resonator for velocity modulation tubes - Google Patents

Resonator for velocity modulation tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2527600A
US2527600A US772624A US77262447A US2527600A US 2527600 A US2527600 A US 2527600A US 772624 A US772624 A US 772624A US 77262447 A US77262447 A US 77262447A US 2527600 A US2527600 A US 2527600A
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United States
Prior art keywords
resonator
velocity
grids
modulation
electrons
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Expired - Lifetime
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US772624A
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English (en)
Inventor
Touraton Emile
Zwobada Rene
Gratzmuller Anne-Marie
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/12—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream in the axis of the resonators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a resonator for velocity modulation tubes.
  • a velocity modulation or pick-up resonator in a velocity modulation or pick-up resonator comprises a cavity provided with a single flat grid associated to a second grid located in front of it, the second grid being coupled by capacitance to the resonant cavity.
  • the resonant circuit is then formed by the cavity and the associated grid integral with an independent electrode that can be brought to a constant potential different from that of the resonating cavity.
  • the selected example of embodiment is a velocity modulation tube with variable mean velocity.
  • a tube of this kind comprises:
  • the modulation resonant circuit consists of two parts, one of them integral with the first grid 5, and the other integral with the second grid 6; these two parts are connected by a capacitance formed by 3 and 4.
  • the pick-up resonant circuit consists of two parts, one of them integral with the first grid 9, and the other integral with the second 2 grid I0; these two parts are connected'by a capacitance formed by 8 and'l.
  • the electrons are grouped at low velocity in the drift space within electrode II. Owing to their braking in the modulation space and their re-acceleration in thepi ckup space, the electrons pass through the modulation, drift and pick-up spaces with variable mean velocity. The transit time of the electrons in these spaces is the time that would be taken to traverse them by electrons having a constant velocity equal to the arithmetic mean of I the velocities at the level of the grids that limit these spaces.
  • the mean speed of the electrons in the modulation and pick-up spaces may be very high, while the velocity of the electrons in the drift space is low.
  • the electrons are braked at the output of the pick-up resonator so as to reach at a reduced velocity the target I2 brought to a low potential V4.
  • the device By the use of the device according to the features of the invention, it hasbecome possible to eliminate the junction zones, the modulation space, or the pick-up space in which the velocity of the electrons is high, and also the drift space in which the speed of the electrons is low.
  • the electrons that issue from grounded 'cath ode I are accelerated by part 3 of the modula' tion resonator brought to a high constant potential V2 and focussed by the Wehnelt cylinder 2 brought to a constant potential VI in such a way as to form a cylindrical beam. They are then braked in the space comprised between grids 5 and 6, the intermediate electrode being brought to a low constant potential V3.
  • the electrons are at the same time modulated in ve-. locity in the modulation space, comprised between grids 5 and 6.
  • part I of the pick-up resonator brought to a high constant potential V2.
  • the groups of electrons formed in the drift space rapidly traverse the pick-up space comprised between grids 9 and I0. They are partially braked by the high frequency field of the pick-up resonator which they excite. After having traversed grid I0, they are braked once
  • Parts 3 and I of the modulation and pick-up resonators are joined.
  • the discs 3 and 4 on the one hand, and l and 8 on the other, constitute two capacitances as great as possible. In series with these capacitances there is inserted the very high impedance presented by a closed. quarter wave-length radial circuit formed by discs 4 and 8 and the body of electrode 1 l.
  • the modulation circuit alone may consist of a cavity provided with a grid and associated to another grid integral with an independent electrode brought to a different potential.
  • the pick-up resonant circuit alone may comprise features of the invention, and finally, the central electrode that comprises the two grids may be replaced by two or more electrodes.
  • a velocity modulation device comprising a container, means therein for producing an electron beam, first and second cavity resonators separated by a drift space and serially arranged for passage therethrough of said beam, said beam exciting oscillations in said resonators, two grids positioned in the path of said beam between said resonators defining said drift space, said grids being capacitively coupled to said resonators and provided with a quarter wavelength circuit to present high impedance for decoupling the oscillations in said resonators.
  • a velocity modulation device comprising:
  • a velocity modulation device according to claim 1 wherein said circuit includes a transmission line of a quarter wavelength at the operating frequency of the device serially interconnecting the said capacitive couplings of the said grids.
  • a velocity modulation device wherein said grids have extension discs included in said capacitive couplings, and means interconnecting said discs, said means and said discs defining said quarter wavelength line,
  • a velocity modulation device comprising means including an electron gun and a collector electrode for producing an electron beam within a container, two cavity resonators each having two grids, the four grids being located successively in the beam path, the inner two grids having radially extended portions providing capacitive couplings to their respective resonators, thereby permitting separate direct voltage energization of said inner and other grids and enabling a variable mean velocity of electrons in said path.
  • a velocity modulation device wherein said inner grids are conductively interconnected to provide a quarter wavelength radial circuit to present high impedance for decoupling the said circuits of said resonators at the operating frequency of the device.
  • a velocity modulation device comprising a container having spaced inwardly disposed walls I defining with the other walls of the container first and second cavity resonator chambers with three chambers, an electrode disposed in said intermediate chamber comprising a tubular member having spaced grids therein to define a drift space and a pair of spaced outwardly disposed plates capacitively coupled with said inwardly disposed walls, the tubular member and plates of said electrode comprising a closed quarter wavelength circuit thereby presenting a high impedance in series with the capacitance of the aforementioned wall-plate coupling and means for energizing said container and said electrode independently of each other.
  • a velocity modulation device comprising a container having spaced inwardly disposed walls defining with the other walls of the container first and second cavity resonator chambers with an intermediate chamber therebetween, means for producing an electron beam coaxially of the three chambers, an electrode disposed in said intermediate chamber and means capacitively coupling said electrode with said inwardly disposed walls and forming in conjunction with said electrode a closed quarter wavelength circuit in series with the capacitance of the aforementioned wall-plate coupling.
  • a velocity modulation device comprising a container having a pair of spaced walls therein defining with the other walls of the container first and second cavity resonator chamber with an intermediate chamber therebetween, means for producing an electron beam coaxially of the three chambers, an electrode disposed in said intermediate chamber and having an opening therethrough for passage of said electron beam, and said electrode having a pair of spaced plates capacitively coupled with said pair of Walls, said plates being disposed in parallel relation to provide a quarter wavelength circuit in series with the capacitance of the aforementioned wall-plate coupling,

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US772624A 1946-05-04 1947-09-08 Resonator for velocity modulation tubes Expired - Lifetime US2527600A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR928060T 1946-05-04

Publications (1)

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US2527600A true US2527600A (en) 1950-10-31

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US (1) US2527600A (de)
BE (1) BE481089A (de)
FR (1) FR928060A (de)
GB (1) GB656521A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2668257A (en) * 1949-09-09 1954-02-02 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Electric discharge tube of the cavity resonator type
US2816245A (en) * 1951-05-29 1957-12-10 Philips Corp Device for producing ultra-short waves
US2842703A (en) * 1953-10-05 1958-07-08 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron gun for beam-type tubes
US2917656A (en) * 1957-12-27 1959-12-15 William E Waters Klystron amplifier
US3130343A (en) * 1960-06-09 1964-04-21 Alloyd Electronics Corp Electron beam evaporating device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE542863A (de) * 1954-11-19

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2278210A (en) * 1940-07-05 1942-03-31 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2293152A (en) * 1940-10-15 1942-08-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Velocity modulated tube with removable resonator
US2405611A (en) * 1942-06-26 1946-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam amplifier
US2425748A (en) * 1941-03-11 1947-08-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2278210A (en) * 1940-07-05 1942-03-31 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2293152A (en) * 1940-10-15 1942-08-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Velocity modulated tube with removable resonator
US2425748A (en) * 1941-03-11 1947-08-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2405611A (en) * 1942-06-26 1946-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam amplifier

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2668257A (en) * 1949-09-09 1954-02-02 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Electric discharge tube of the cavity resonator type
US2816245A (en) * 1951-05-29 1957-12-10 Philips Corp Device for producing ultra-short waves
US2842703A (en) * 1953-10-05 1958-07-08 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron gun for beam-type tubes
US2917656A (en) * 1957-12-27 1959-12-15 William E Waters Klystron amplifier
US3130343A (en) * 1960-06-09 1964-04-21 Alloyd Electronics Corp Electron beam evaporating device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR928060A (fr) 1947-11-18
GB656521A (en) 1951-08-22
BE481089A (de)

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