US2521926A - Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions - Google Patents

Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions Download PDF

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Publication number
US2521926A
US2521926A US60817A US6081748A US2521926A US 2521926 A US2521926 A US 2521926A US 60817 A US60817 A US 60817A US 6081748 A US6081748 A US 6081748A US 2521926 A US2521926 A US 2521926A
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United States
Prior art keywords
emulsion
sensitizing
sulfur
bis
emulsions
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US60817A
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English (en)
Inventor
Wesley G Lowe
Jean E Jones
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE492188D priority Critical patent/BE492188A/xx
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Priority to US60817A priority patent/US2521926A/en
Priority to FR1004983D priority patent/FR1004983A/fr
Priority to GB29568/49A priority patent/GB664230A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2521926A publication Critical patent/US2521926A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
    • G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photographic emulsions and more particularly to chemical sensitizers therefor.
  • silver halide emulsions may be chemically sensitized with a variety of materials so as to increase the speed and generally the gamma of the emulsions as opposed to optical sensitizing in which the optical range of sensitivity is increased.
  • chemical sensitization results in either the formation of silver sulfide on the surface of the silver halide crystal or results in the formation of small amounts of silver from the reduction of silver halide, which effect may be in addition to the former effect usually known as sulfur sensitizing.
  • the present invention is concerned primarily with chemical sensitization apparently of the latter type.
  • One object of our invention is to provide photographic emulsions having increased sensitivities. Another object is to provide emulsions having sensitivities imparted by novel sulfur-containing compounds. A further object is to provide emulsions having sensitivities increased by means of both sulfur sensitizing and the novel sulfur-containing compounds. Another object is to provide sulfur-containing compounds which impart sensitivity to emulsions which effect is distinguishable from the sensitizing effect of ordinary sulfur sensitizers. Other objects of our invention will appear from the following description thereof:
  • the objects of our invention are accomplished in part by incorporating in silver halide emulsions, either bis-(daminoethyl) sulfide andits water-soluble salts obtained from nondesensitizing acids or bis-(y-diethyl aminopropyl) disulfide [(CzHs) 2NC31-IvS]2 at any stage in their preparation but preferably before digestion is complete.
  • emulsions emulsions, either bis-(daminoethyl) sulfide andits water-soluble salts obtained from nondesensitizing acids or bis-(y-diethyl aminopropyl) disulfide [(CzHs) 2NC31-IvS]2 at any stage in their preparation but preferably before digestion is complete.
  • the sensitizing agents maybe used in conjunctionlwith other chemical Or optical sensitizers such as the well-known sulfur sensitizing compounds disclosed in Sheppards U. S.
  • Example 1 100 cc. sample of a bromo-iodide positive type.
  • Example 2 A100. cc. sample of a bromo-iodide positive type of emulsion which had previously been peptized and sulfur sensitized with e. g. allylthin-- The 3 bper composition, the emulsion was found to have increased in speed as shown in the table following (sample F compared to E) In a similar manner, samples of the above emulsion were added to a solution of polyvinyl alcohol and after exposure and processing had the characteristics shown in the table followin (sample H compared to sample G). As in the previous example, the sensitizing agent will be seen to have exerted a synergistic sensitizing effeet in that the increase in sensitivity is greater than would be expected from the behavior of the individual sensitizing agents when used alone.
  • novel sensitizers may, in general, be employed in hydrophilic colloid emulsion vehicles; for example, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed cellulose esters, such as cellulose acetate and co-polymers of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • hydrophilic colloid emulsion vehicles for example, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed cellulose esters, such as cellulose acetate and co-polymers of polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the sensitizers are suitable for the well known types of silver chloride, silver bromide and silver iodide emulsions and emulsions containing mixtures of these halides, containing the usual emulsion addenda such as antifoggants, spreading agents, coupler compounds, etc.
  • Such emulsions are suitable to use in forming single as well as multi-layer film useful in color photography which customarily include on a support two or more emulsion layers sensitized to different regions of the visible spectrum and may or may not contain coupler compounds. According to our invention such color films carry at least one emulsion layer containing a sulfide sensitizing agent of our invention.
  • a light-sensitive photographic emulsion comprising silver halide and a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of bis-(p-aminoethybsulfide and Water soluble salts thereof, and bis-(Y-diethyl aminopropyl) disulfide.
  • a light-sensitive photographic emulsion comprising silver halide and bis-(,S-aminoethyl) sulfide as a sensitizing agent.
  • a light-sensitive photographic emulsion comprising sulfur sensitized silver halide and bis-(fi-aminoethyl) sulfide as an additional sensitizing agent.
  • a light-sensitive photographic emulsion comprising silver halide and bis-('y-diethylaminopropyl) disulfide as a sensitizing agent.
  • a light-sensitive photographic emulsion comprising sulfur sensitized silver halide and bis-(Y-diethylamino propyl) disulfide as an additional sensitizing agent.
  • the method of increasing the speed of a photographic silver halide emulsion which comprises imparting sulfur sensitivity to said emulsion, adjusting th pH of said emulsion to below neutrality and effecting a further increase in sensitivity by digestion of said emulsion in the presence of a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of bis-(B-aminoethyl) sulfide and water soluble salts thereof, and bis-("y-diethyl aminopropyl) disulfide.
  • the method of increasing the speed of a photographic silver halide emulsion which comprises digesting said emulsion in the presence of a, sulfur sensitizing agent and a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of bis-(B-aminoethyl) sulfide and water soluble salts thereof, and bis-(v-diethyl aminopropyl) disulfide.
  • the method of increasing the speed of a photographic silver halide emulsion which comprises digesting said emulsion in the presenc of a sulfur sensitizing agent and bis(,8-aminoethyl) sulfide.
  • the method of increasing the speed of a photographic silver halide emulsion which comprises digesting said emulsion in the presence of a sulfur sensitizing agent and bis (Y-diethylaminopropyl) disulfide.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
US60817A 1948-11-18 1948-11-18 Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions Expired - Lifetime US2521926A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE492188D BE492188A (is") 1948-11-18
US60817A US2521926A (en) 1948-11-18 1948-11-18 Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
FR1004983D FR1004983A (fr) 1948-11-18 1949-11-17 Sensibilisation des émulsions photographiques et produits en résultant
GB29568/49A GB664230A (en) 1948-11-18 1949-11-18 Improvements in sensitive photographic emulsions

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60817A US2521926A (en) 1948-11-18 1948-11-18 Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions

Publications (1)

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US2521926A true US2521926A (en) 1950-09-12

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US60817A Expired - Lifetime US2521926A (en) 1948-11-18 1948-11-18 Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions

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US (1) US2521926A (is")
BE (1) BE492188A (is")
FR (1) FR1004983A (is")
GB (1) GB664230A (is")

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2739060A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
DE2824082A1 (de) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographische silberhalogenidemulsionen und das daraus hergestellte photographische silberhalogenidmaterial
US4145218A (en) * 1976-09-02 1979-03-20 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Process for developing light-sensitive silver halide photographic materials
US4472496A (en) * 1982-01-14 1984-09-18 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Process for preparing silver halide emulsion
EP0124795A2 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
US4752560A (en) * 1985-09-24 1988-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element containing a cyclic thioether compound
EP0350903A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic materials
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
EP0772079A2 (en) 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Eastman Kodak Company Light-sensitive silber halide emulsions and processes for their preparation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2728668A (en) * 1952-12-05 1955-12-27 Du Pont Photographic emulsions containing a 1,2-dithiolane
RU2253144C1 (ru) * 2003-11-03 2005-05-27 Кемеровский государственный университет (КемГУ) Способ химической сенсибилизации фотографической эмульсии

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB496049A (en) * 1937-04-19 1938-11-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Improved manufacture of light-sensitive photographic preparations

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB496049A (en) * 1937-04-19 1938-11-21 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Improved manufacture of light-sensitive photographic preparations

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2739060A (en) * 1952-11-08 1956-03-20 Eastman Kodak Co Chemical sensitization of photographic emulsions
US4145218A (en) * 1976-09-02 1979-03-20 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Process for developing light-sensitive silver halide photographic materials
DE2824082A1 (de) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-14 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photographische silberhalogenidemulsionen und das daraus hergestellte photographische silberhalogenidmaterial
US4198240A (en) * 1977-06-03 1980-04-15 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
US4472496A (en) * 1982-01-14 1984-09-18 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Process for preparing silver halide emulsion
EP0124795A2 (en) 1983-04-11 1984-11-14 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic emulsion
US4752560A (en) * 1985-09-24 1988-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Photographic element containing a cyclic thioether compound
EP0350903A1 (en) * 1988-07-12 1990-01-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic materials
US5582957A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-12-10 Eastman Kodak Company Resuspension optimization for photographic nanosuspensions
EP0772079A2 (en) 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Eastman Kodak Company Light-sensitive silber halide emulsions and processes for their preparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB664230A (en) 1952-01-02
FR1004983A (fr) 1952-04-04
BE492188A (is")

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