US2519672A - Composition for bluing metal - Google Patents

Composition for bluing metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US2519672A
US2519672A US721886A US72188647A US2519672A US 2519672 A US2519672 A US 2519672A US 721886 A US721886 A US 721886A US 72188647 A US72188647 A US 72188647A US 2519672 A US2519672 A US 2519672A
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weight
percent
composition
solution
copper
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US721886A
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Charles F Lawless
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
    • C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and a composition for obtaining a blue finish on steel or iron surfaces, such as gun or rifle barrels, or the like.
  • the method or process contemplates the deposit of a plating of copper sulfide that adheres closely to the surface, by the aid of chemicals readily applied to the surface.
  • the copper deposit is formed by the aid of a solution preferably of the following:
  • each ingredient may be doubled or halved, the amount of water being correspondingly adjusted to make the whole.
  • the amount of hydrochloric acid should always exceed the amount of sulfuric acid.
  • the surface to be treated is freed from grease, rust, and foreign matter. If necessary, fine emery, or other abrasive, can be used, and the surface finish polished with steel wool. The smoother and brighter the surface, the more satisfactory will be the finish.
  • the specific ingredients thus affix a thin copper plating to the surface.
  • the layer is very tightly iadhdered by virtue of some of the ingredients utiize
  • the copper sulfate is the source of copper; the tartaric and acetic acids act as buffer solutions preventing spongy deposition; the stannous chloride is a surface activator that makes the coating smoother and harder; the lauryl sulfate serves to ensure wetting by the solution; and the sulfuric and hydrochloric acids are used for etching and cleaning the surface.
  • the copper layer is reconverted to copper sulfide, as by the application of a solution of ammonium polysulfide of any reasonable strength up to saturation. It may be applied by a swab dipped into the solution, the excess liquid being squeezed out. Used swabs should not be dipped back into either solution, a new swab for each application being desirable.
  • the application should be in even strokes, being sure to cover all the surface; and, while the surface is wet, it is rubbed lightly with steel wool the entire wet surface, overlapping the untreated part, thus giving a blend, eliminating spots or stopping-off marks. This rubbing should continue until the surface begins to dry, then allowed to stand a minute or longer and polished with a cloth; or it may be lightly polished with fine steel wool.
  • a solution consisting essentially of copper sulphate refers to any solution in which any or all of the elements specified hereinabove may be utilized in the proportions set forth herein. Furthermore, where reference is made in the claims to a water solution, such reference means that the remainder of the solution is made up substantially entirely of water.
  • a composition of the following ingredients in water about five percent by weight of copper sulfate; a total of about five percent by weight of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid; lauryl sulfate of the order of one-thousandth of one per cent; about one percent by weight of tartaric acid; about one-fourth of one percent by Weight of stannous chloride; and about one-half percent by weight of glacial acetic acid.
  • a composition of the following ingredients in water about five percent by weight of copper sulfate; a total of about five percent by weight of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid; lauryl sulfate of the order of one-thousandth of one percent; about one percent by weight of tartaric acid; about one-fourth of one percent by weight of stannous chloride; and about one-half percent by weight of glacial acetic acid; said hydrochloric acid exceeding said sulfuric acid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)

Description

Patented Aug. 22, 1950 wUNlTED STATES PATENT. mm;
Charles F. Lawless, Lcs Angcles, ICalif.
No Drawing. Application January 18, 1947,
:Serial No. 721,886.
2 Claims.
This invention relates to a method and a composition for obtaining a blue finish on steel or iron surfaces, such as gun or rifle barrels, or the like.
It is an object of this invention to provide a method of this character that does not employ heat, but, instead, utilizes chemicals that cause a thin layer of a blue composition to act as a rust preventative, and also to enhance the appearance of the surface.
More particularly, the method or process contemplates the deposit of a plating of copper sulfide that adheres closely to the surface, by the aid of chemicals readily applied to the surface.
Although the method may be used in many ways'and by different solutions, but one form will be described hereinafter. However, the scope of the invention is best defined by the appended claims.
In practicing the method, two general steps are performed. The first step is to deposit a plating of copper; and the second is to convert the copper to copper sulfide.
The copper deposit is formed by the aid of a solution preferably of the following:
Proportions by weight in percent.
Distilled water 87.974
The proportions may be varied to some extent, although those given are preferred. For example, each ingredient may be doubled or halved, the amount of water being correspondingly adjusted to make the whole. However, the amount of hydrochloric acid should always exceed the amount of sulfuric acid.
Before using the solution, the surface to be treated is freed from grease, rust, and foreign matter. If necessary, fine emery, or other abrasive, can be used, and the surface finish polished with steel wool. The smoother and brighter the surface, the more satisfactory will be the finish.
After the surface is thus made ready for the solution, a swab is wetted in the solution, excess moisture being squeezed out of the swab. Then the swab is applied evenly, until an even, slightly reddish color appears. The surface is then dried, and polished with steel wool or other very fine abrasive. If the reddish color has partially or wholly disappeared, or shows spotted areas, the solution may be applied again, or several times, polishing being effected after each application as before. Usually not more than two applications are required.
The specific ingredients thus affix a thin copper plating to the surface. The layer is very tightly iadhdered by virtue of some of the ingredients utiize The copper sulfate is the source of copper; the tartaric and acetic acids act as buffer solutions preventing spongy deposition; the stannous chloride is a surface activator that makes the coating smoother and harder; the lauryl sulfate serves to ensure wetting by the solution; and the sulfuric and hydrochloric acids are used for etching and cleaning the surface.
After the surface has thus been treated, the copper layer is reconverted to copper sulfide, as by the application of a solution of ammonium polysulfide of any reasonable strength up to saturation. It may be applied by a swab dipped into the solution, the excess liquid being squeezed out. Used swabs should not be dipped back into either solution, a new swab for each application being desirable. The application should be in even strokes, being sure to cover all the surface; and, while the surface is wet, it is rubbed lightly with steel wool the entire wet surface, overlapping the untreated part, thus giving a blend, eliminating spots or stopping-off marks. This rubbing should continue until the surface begins to dry, then allowed to stand a minute or longer and polished with a cloth; or it may be lightly polished with fine steel wool.
In the following claims, the term a solution consisting essentially of copper sulphate" refers to any solution in which any or all of the elements specified hereinabove may be utilized in the proportions set forth herein. Furthermore, where reference is made in the claims to a water solution, such reference means that the remainder of the solution is made up substantially entirely of water.
The inventor claims:
1. A composition of the following ingredients in water: about five percent by weight of copper sulfate; a total of about five percent by weight of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid; lauryl sulfate of the order of one-thousandth of one per cent; about one percent by weight of tartaric acid; about one-fourth of one percent by Weight of stannous chloride; and about one-half percent by weight of glacial acetic acid.
2. A composition of the following ingredients in water: about five percent by weight of copper sulfate; a total of about five percent by weight of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid; lauryl sulfate of the order of one-thousandth of one percent; about one percent by weight of tartaric acid; about one-fourth of one percent by weight of stannous chloride; and about one-half percent by weight of glacial acetic acid; said hydrochloric acid exceeding said sulfuric acid. I 7 7 CHARLES E. LAWLESS.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,317,351 Chadwick et a1. Sept. 30, 1919 1,587,637 Ferguson June 8, 1926 Number Number 15 2,561
Name Date Brunner Sept. 15, 1936 Leonard May 25, 1937 Tucker Feb. 14, 1939 Neilson Jan. 7, 1941 Tanner June 10, 1941 Snow Nov. 25, 1941 Clark et a1. July 7, 1942 Tanner et a1. Nov. 17, 1942 Vande Bunte June 5, 1945 Beaver Dec. 18, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain June 6, 1855

Claims (1)

1. A COMPOSITION OF THE FOLLOWING INGREDIENTS IN WATER: ABOUT FIVE PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF COPPER SULFATE; A TOTAL OF ABOUT FIVE PERCETN BY WEIGHT OF SUILFURIC AND HYDROCHLORIC ACID; LAURYL SULFATE OF THE ORDER OF ONE-THOUSANDTH OF ONE PER CENT; ABOUT ONE PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF TARTARIC ACID; ABOUT ONE-FOURTH OF ONE PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF STANNOUS CHLORIDE; AND ABOUT ONE-HALF PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF GLACIAL ACETIC ACID.
US721886A 1947-01-13 1947-01-13 Composition for bluing metal Expired - Lifetime US2519672A (en)

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2750881A (en) * 1952-08-15 1956-06-19 Steel Dot Corp Lithographic plate process
US2842461A (en) * 1955-12-02 1958-07-08 Hauserman Co E F Lead coating process and material
US2876150A (en) * 1955-06-14 1959-03-03 Singer Fritz Production of tightly adherent coatings on metal articles
US2933422A (en) * 1957-05-31 1960-04-19 Walter A Mason Product and method for coating metals with copper-tellurium compound
US3046159A (en) * 1957-12-17 1962-07-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Method of copper plating by chemical reduction
US3328197A (en) * 1965-02-08 1967-06-27 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Mechanical plating
US3346404A (en) * 1965-01-26 1967-10-10 Amchem Prod Chemical plating process
US3993491A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-11-23 Surface Technology, Inc. Electroless plating
US9658022B1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2017-05-23 Smart Firearms Training Devices Llc Firearm training system including integrated electronic module and featuring enhanced optical detection of trigger incursion

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1317351A (en) * 1917-02-06 1919-09-30 Cleveland Metal Products Company Treatment of iron or steel for the prevention of oxidation or rusting.
US1587637A (en) * 1922-07-29 1926-06-08 Pyrene Mfg Co Flux
US2054737A (en) * 1934-05-02 1936-09-15 Metallwerke A G Dornach Process for the bronzing of copper and copper alloys
US2081630A (en) * 1935-01-21 1937-05-25 American Steel & Wire Co Method of making liquor finished wire
US2147415A (en) * 1937-05-11 1939-02-14 Eastman Kodak Co Electroplating
US2227945A (en) * 1939-05-08 1941-01-07 Howard R Neilson Material and method for coating metals
US2244740A (en) * 1939-05-09 1941-06-10 Robert R Tanner Metal treatment and product
US2263905A (en) * 1939-05-02 1941-11-25 Standard Oil Co California Treatment of machine elements to facilitate breaking in
US2288788A (en) * 1940-11-22 1942-07-07 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Method of treating the heat-responsive elements of thermostats
US2302510A (en) * 1931-09-23 1942-11-17 Parker Rust Proof Co Material and method for cleaning and coating metal
US2377593A (en) * 1942-02-09 1945-06-05 Packard Motor Car Co Etching ink
US2391289A (en) * 1941-09-15 1945-12-18 Jr John F Beaver Bright copper plating

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1317351A (en) * 1917-02-06 1919-09-30 Cleveland Metal Products Company Treatment of iron or steel for the prevention of oxidation or rusting.
US1587637A (en) * 1922-07-29 1926-06-08 Pyrene Mfg Co Flux
US2302510A (en) * 1931-09-23 1942-11-17 Parker Rust Proof Co Material and method for cleaning and coating metal
US2054737A (en) * 1934-05-02 1936-09-15 Metallwerke A G Dornach Process for the bronzing of copper and copper alloys
US2081630A (en) * 1935-01-21 1937-05-25 American Steel & Wire Co Method of making liquor finished wire
US2147415A (en) * 1937-05-11 1939-02-14 Eastman Kodak Co Electroplating
US2263905A (en) * 1939-05-02 1941-11-25 Standard Oil Co California Treatment of machine elements to facilitate breaking in
US2227945A (en) * 1939-05-08 1941-01-07 Howard R Neilson Material and method for coating metals
US2244740A (en) * 1939-05-09 1941-06-10 Robert R Tanner Metal treatment and product
US2288788A (en) * 1940-11-22 1942-07-07 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Method of treating the heat-responsive elements of thermostats
US2391289A (en) * 1941-09-15 1945-12-18 Jr John F Beaver Bright copper plating
US2377593A (en) * 1942-02-09 1945-06-05 Packard Motor Car Co Etching ink

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2750881A (en) * 1952-08-15 1956-06-19 Steel Dot Corp Lithographic plate process
US2876150A (en) * 1955-06-14 1959-03-03 Singer Fritz Production of tightly adherent coatings on metal articles
US2842461A (en) * 1955-12-02 1958-07-08 Hauserman Co E F Lead coating process and material
US2933422A (en) * 1957-05-31 1960-04-19 Walter A Mason Product and method for coating metals with copper-tellurium compound
US3046159A (en) * 1957-12-17 1962-07-24 Hughes Aircraft Co Method of copper plating by chemical reduction
US3346404A (en) * 1965-01-26 1967-10-10 Amchem Prod Chemical plating process
US3328197A (en) * 1965-02-08 1967-06-27 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Mechanical plating
US3993491A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-11-23 Surface Technology, Inc. Electroless plating
US9658022B1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2017-05-23 Smart Firearms Training Devices Llc Firearm training system including integrated electronic module and featuring enhanced optical detection of trigger incursion

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