US2516318A

US2516318A - Means for supporting and adjusting movable shuttering for use in the construction of walls or the like from concrete or similar material

Info

Publication number: US2516318A
Application number: US699516A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hawes Albert Henry
Original assignee: Kwikform Ltd
Current assignee: Kwikform Ltd
Priority date: 1945-10-02
Filing date: 1946-09-26
Publication date: 1950-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 1967-07-25

Description

July 25, 1950 A. H. HAWES 2,516,318

MEANS FOR SUPPORTING AND ADJUSTING MOVABLE SHUTTERING FOR USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS OR THE LIKE FROM CONCRETE OR SIMILARMATERIAL Filed Sept. 26, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet l 8 FIG! I 7:1. I 36 59 5 G yJ Y 42 p 57 i .3 "F $514!: 56 1" g: nil- 1,. 52 H 53 A f 5&4 ,1 13% a{ aiifig E v w Wing, p a! %I @I i'Z Efiag gi' l ir W 1 I If July 25, 1950 w s 2,516,318

MEANS FOR SUPPORTING AND ADJUSTING MOVABLE SHUTTERING FOR USE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS OR THE LIKE FROM CONCRETE OR SIMILAR MATERIAL Filed Sept. 26, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOQ TORNEY.

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MEANSi-FOR SUPPORTING AND ADJUSTING$- MOVABLE S.HiUT.TERING;iFfiR USE .IN THE CONSTRUCTION on wALr-ls on THE LIKE FROMCONCR-ETEOR SIMILAR MATERIAL.

Albert Henry-Hawes; Birmingham; fingland; as-

'si'g'nor; by mesne assignments; 170- Kwikform- Linfited;.Birmingham, England; a' -Brihish com'-* Dally v Application September 26, 1946, srisiNa. 699516 M IitGieatBfitain ctober"2;194"5 WhemLa f 0111 like structure: of substajntiab 1 .to. emould'ed: rin conor'et'e; on-simnan material which is. confined during setting: by re monabl'e r shuttering: plates ormembers; it -is' a known procedure to effect 'suc'c'essive-pouri'ng'sof theepl'astic. materialiarrd aitxzthe .sametime toraise :thesshutterin'g bodily "so-that. its upper edge maintains :at substantially constant: relationship tbntheiupper -surifaeei of: the cast material; the shuttering:lusedubeingrofosuch a height that'sthe: castmaterial progressively "uncovered: by: its.:-loweredgeel'lasahadntime to? solidify;

The ptesentlimzention is --concerned=-With the supporting. andJadjustment IQfi shuttering? mem-- hens fonzuse: in the eontinuous smoulding. of i Wallsor like structures as above described; that i's to sawthey-progressive elevation of such: members, each 1m itslown zplanaas casting: of the concrete? orwsimilar materia1aprocceds',:.-this progtessive ele vation,1;of course; permitting theuse o'fa:shut't"e"r'- ingvassembly whosaiheight is only a fracti'o'n f: that.oft:tlrleiwall;.'to'itloesproduced;'

Thepresentoinvention relates to new on 1 im proved means for supporting and adjusting' -the shuMBBringmembers-ias aforesaid; which is hereinaflter'n'eferreel-lztoz as: shuttering @suppor-tin'g: and adiustinazmeansofsthe; kind: specified.

In :moulding'z:thelvwalls of abiii1din'g by'= thecontinuous. method zaf'oresaidp it has been: the practiceihitherto.Ltoipour the plasti'c material life tweentinternah ancltexternali shutterin'g builtQo'f- Wench:theztwtcnshuttering assemblies beingi 'bolted tor.- substantiali, venticall wooden members con neatediabove the ashutteringiby transverse loeax'ns}- ancl.::the, various: lomldge'zv structures thus formed A being bra-eecl together. so a'astor'basalts-supporting.- Metal; rods =ane;setiwer:tica1ly withinrthe moulding cavityiaoneibeneathyeach of. .the:.trans verse beams; and; further rodspare -.oonnec.tedw end-toend with: these, to; produce a series 1 of sectional columns each extending through a. hollow rvertical jack' screw rotatably mountedzin's 01' 'onitheadjace'nt transversevbeamz. The-lowerend :of e'ach jackscrew carries. toggle-action grippers -which en a e :the; columns when... the: -jack.-scre'vvs are screwed :downwardly, so: that; byxsimultaneous' operation. of all thaj acks'; the: bridge structurew which: may; carry a sdeckingv covering-sti le Whole area. of: the; building;:.may raise'd bodily in: relation to the columns as pouring-i proceeds carrying -With: them. the shuttering-.1 wh mt shuttering hasgbeen raisedioatheiull extennper'k mitted= by: the jack-:screwsothe-latter are; re traoted: eithenzsinglytg or :in .gnoups i and as ea-cht obtains sane-sh grim omits: column -lwhich -may 2 be len'g tl' len'ecl sis-requisite); is again actuated to raise the associated shuttering members-whe movements of the ve-nous jacl r's being" careru-ny co-ordinated so that the upper edges of theshut tering 'ar er21ain'taifretl"in substantially the same of a'cksan'd workmen td operate them, together wt awcomplidated a bulk y structure which ofathefi buildinga provedw; shuttering forouse". in; :thezconstruction of walls on :the. like-from: concreteon si-milanmate riali ,snchushutteringz: comprisingi ai plurality o'f rectangular imetalle :or; rvrooden plates adapted-1'. to: bat-assembledtogether::inaedgeto -edgerelation shipjztoafiormz az panel; :reinforcingi strips: provided on the outerafaceeof; eachziplateiadjacent to'g but spame cl inwardlye of,;,twoi opposed: edgesthereof, and extending; paralleht. to. suohaz edgesp Ida adapted! to :exteridz alongr-therpanelxaforesaicltto i aligne-a' -longitudinalzparowfi of); p1ates :-andi meansprovideariom theeplates for forcingothe'se alignei' bars into simultaneous engagement with the" outeizt'facesziofathe platesend the" side's' of tl ie reinforcingstnipsia. resents mventions 1 is particularly 1 app1i'.;= cablet' to the 'supponting and adjiisting of 5 such shutteriilgi althoiigh its *application*- is not limitefl thereto? One of the objects of the present""irivl z'n'tidii"is' provide new or improved means for supporting and adjusting movable shuttering as is described in the prior specification aforesaid.

Further objects of the invention will become apparent from the following description and in the drawings accompanying, of which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of a wall of a building in course of construction and depicting a portion of the means for supporting or adjusting shuttering constructed as described in the said prior specification.

Figures 2 and 2A are side elevations showing the upper and lower parts respectively of one of the columns for supporting the shuttering in the arrangement shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the lines 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional View on the lines 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional view on the lines 5-5 of Figure 4.

In the drawings the invention is shown applied to the construction of an ordinary cast concrete wall of a building, such wall being depicted generally at it and the wall is moulded between two sets of shuttering plates of which the inner set il is depicted only in outline for the sake of clarity, the outer set I2 being shown in amore detailed manner.

The shuttering plates are constructed as described in the specification of Patent No. 2,396,174 aforesaid and comprise rectangular metal plates [3 which are assembled together in vertical edgeto-edge relationship to form a horizontally extending panel, vertical and horizontal reinforcing strips l4, l5 being provided on the face of each plate remote from the wall adjacent to but spaced inwardly of the edges of the plate and extending parallel to such edges, horizontal aligner bars [5 being provided adapted to extend along the horizontal panel aforesaid to align a longitudinal row of plates and wedge clamping means indicated generally at H being provided for forcing these aligner bars into simultaneous engagement with the adjacent faces of the plates and the sides of the horizontal reinforcing strips 15.

Such wedge clamping means are described particularly in the specification of my prior patent application No. 674,216 now abandoned,

For supporting and adjusting shuttering constructed as so described I provide improved means for supporting both the inner and the outer row of .shuttering plates but for clarity the means for supporting the outer row of plates l2 are only depicted in the drawings, the means for supporting the inner row H not shown being identical with that for supporting the outer row.

Such means comprise inner and outer rows of vertical columns, the term inner row herein employed denoting the row of columns which is nearest to the wall and the term outer row meaning the columns which are more remote from the wall.

The inner and outer rows comprise vertical steel or other metal bars I8 and 19 respectively, which bars are of rectangular, triangular or other polygonal section which has been helically twisted so as to produce thereon in effecting a multi start screw thread having -a very large pitch in relation to its diameter.

Such a bar is described more particularly in the specification of my prior patent application No. 627,002. g

- The bars which constitute the columns are preferably spaced apart in each row by adistance of six feet and the two rows are spaced b a distance which may be approximately four feet with each outer column directly opposite an inner column.

The lower end of each column engages within a socket member 20 having an internal formation of corresponding shape to that of the column, the socket member being provided with a locking screw 21 and being secured to a foot plate 22 which engages with the ground.

oppositely disposed inner and outer columns are maintained in parallel relationship by means of scafiold frame units indicated generally at 23 and each comprising two vertical

tubular members

24, 25 slidably mounted on the inner and outer columns respectively and rigidly and permanently connected together by vertically spaced upper and lower

horizontal members

26, 27 re-. spectively, each frame unit adjacent the junctionof its vertical members with the upper horizontal member having clamping devices 28 secured permanently thereto by which are secured to the.

frame units transverse ledger members 29 which serve to secure adjacent frame units together and hence to secure in the correct relative relationship the inner and outer columns in each row.

Such frame units 23 forming the subject of my co-pending patent application, Ser. N 0. 696,081 filed September 11, 1946, now U. S. Patent No. 2,472,423, in the specification of which they are fully described.

The frame units 23 and lodgers 29 collectively provide a rigid staging extending along the wall for the full length thereof and where the wall extends continuously around a building the staging similarly extends therearound, the whole staging being capable of being slidden vertically bodily up or down the vertical columns l8, l9 aforesaid.

The upper horizontal members 26 of each frame unit serve to support a working platform formed of battens 30 laid side by side and end to end. For clarity only a portion of such battens are shown in th drawing but it will be understood that they will in fact cover the entire space between the inner and outer rows of columns.

The shuttering plates are all supported rigidly from the frame units 23 by providing the inner vertical members 24 of such units with tie-clamps 3| including a pair of horizontally spaced hooks 32 secured to a clamping plate 33 which is held in clamping engagement with the member 24 by means of the clamping screw 34 and the said hooks engage with horizontally extending tie-rods 35 which extend along the row 12 of shutteringplates and pass through openings in the vertical reinforcing strips thereof M.

The columns l8 and i9 aforesaid are of a length several feet greater than the vertical depth of the shuttering plates that when the latter are adjacent to the ground as shown in the drawing the columns project appreciably above the plates and on the projecting parts of some of these columns are slidably mounted hollow tubular jack-screws 36.

Conveniently such jack-screws are provided on alternate columns in each row but so arranged that they are not opposite to each other, i. e. one

jack-screw is provided at a position correspondmgto each frame unit although in the case of rit-163:1 8

5 aibuilding two jack-screws may be provided for each frame unit at the corners where additional reinforcement is required.

The form of the jack-screw is.shQW n0re particularly in Figure? and eachhas a thread 31 of square form working within a nut 3 8'secured. centrally to a bracket 39 in the form of a; rectangular plate opposite ends of which are pro vided with openings 40 through which extend the.- upper ends of vertical staging supportingbars, 41., a pair of such bars being associated with eachjackescrew and these bars are conveniently of; the Sameconfiguration as that of the columns l -.l9,but of smaller section.

Each staging supporting bar 4| is rigidly see curedto its bracket 39 by means of a pair of nut 42 carrying clamping. Screws 43 disposed on opposite sides; Of the bracket, the. nuts being. threaded to an internal. configuration corresponding to that of the bars 4! and the bars extenddownwardly parallel to their respective columns on, opposite sides thereof.

Thelower ends of the supporting bars 4| asso eiatedwith the outer columns are connected i -the same way by a similar pair of nuts 42 to a secondrectangular plate-like bracket 44. R0- tation. of; the upper nut 42 of each pair relative to. the; bracket 39 and of the lower nut of each pair-relative,- to the bracket 44 is positively prevented. providing the same with a squared.

end 42A which fits within a corresponding opening; in-the bracket. Thus owing to the helical formation of the bars 39 and nuts 42 relative vertical movement between th brackets 39 and. ids-impossible even if the clamping screws 43 should be loose -so that a rigid support is provided tor;- the brackets 44.

Eachbracket 44 is provided centrally on its upper side with a cylindrical socket 45 which is shouldered internally at its upper end to receive tihgslOWBlf end of the outer tubular member 25 of the. adjacent frame unit 23 and immediately be: neath the said bracket and adjustably mountedupon the adjacent column i9, is. a clamping nut 45 of a form. similar to the nuts 42. a

The inner columnsldwhich carry jack-screws are provided near their lower endswith internally threaded nuts 46A similar. to the nuts 46 but provided with flanges 4613 which are recessed-im ternally to receive and engage the lower end of the. adjacent vertical member 24 of the frame unit.

The staging supporting bars 41 associated with. the-.innercolumns have their lower ends similarly; connected to a plate-like bracket 41 which is provided centrally along one of its longer edges with a recess 48 so that the bracket, embraces partially the lower end of the adjacent vertical member 24v of the adjacent frame unit and the opposite longer edge of this bracket engages be.- neath. the lower aligner bar It. of the shuttering plates 12 sothat the latter are supported directly by the staging supporting bars 4! from the jackscrew-tfi and by the connection of the shuttering. plates tothe tie-clamp 3| the frame unit. adjacent to the said jack-screw is also supported therefrom. 7

Additional support for the shuttering from the bars 4'l'is ensured by providing each bracket 4'! with. apair of integral ears 4.9 disposed on each side of the adjacent vertical-member 24, which ears, extend towards the adjacent shuttering plates above. the horizontal reinforcing strips. I 5.

thereof and are provided with openings. 51L- through. which. are passed pins dl which pass.

also; through corresponding. openings in the. Vere tical reinforcing strips .l 4 of the shuttering plates Each jack-screw is supported on its associated column by providing the latter with a supporting collar 52 havinga set screw 53,. the collar being shaped internally .to correspond with the. helically twisted-form of thecolumn, th collar being in fact constructed as described in the specification of my pending application No. 627,002.

The collar. is, flanged. at. its upper end to receive the lower end of the jack-screw as indicated at 5,4 and the arrangement has the greatade vantage that While the collar. can readily slide on the column when the set screw is loosened. tightening of the set screw 53against the column produces, owing to the helical formation of the collar, a highly efficient. locking connection.

Thus by means of the jack-screw, the staging supporting bars 41 and :their'associated brackets, the; staging and-shuttering is supported from the columns, the outer columns of which are provided with jack-screws serving to support therefrom directly the staging and indirectly the shuttering (by connection of. the shuttering to the staging) and the inner columns associated with the jack.-

screws serving to support therefromgdirectlythe thcwfram units by the ledger members 29 and the; interconnection of the shuttering plates'by; the-aligner bars [6; in, the event of the support by any; one jack-screw being removed, the load: is taken from the columns associated with the re: maining jack-screws without collapse or distortion of the staging and shuttering occurring, the. spacing of-the jack-screw carrying columnsbeim; sufficiently close. asto ensure this.

The columns which are unprovided with jackscrews servelinerely to align the frame units, and in the case ofthe;innercolumnsto alignalso the. shuttering plates.

Each jack-screw is provided near-its lower end? with a ratchet-pinion .55 welded or otherwiserigidly secured; thereto and which is engaged by oneend of a ratchet lever llfiapivoted intermediate its, ends between a pair.- of arms 51 having integral collars 5,8; mounted rotatablyupon a recessed part;

of the jack-screw-on each side of the pinion, the;

arrangement being such that on turning the lever 5.5. in a clockwise direction viewed from abova about the axis of the adjacent column, thejacke screw is rotated. on its supporting collar. 52 cansingthenut 38; and associated. bracket 3S. carried thereby to be. traversed upwardly oi the column thusraising the associated adjacentshuttering andstaging. On turning the lever 5e inthe other direction it rides freely over the .pinionteeth.

At-its upper and each jack-screw is provided: with a number of radially disposedsockets 59 adapted. to receive atommybar for a purpose to. be hereinafter described.

In using the invention so. far described: the various parts already described are so assembled. that the shuttering initially rests onor near theground withthe brackets. 39 at the lower end .of theirrespective jaclcscrews and the nuts 46.;and nuts 48A in abutmentwith the under sides; of: brackets 44 and vertical members 24 respectively. Both sets of shuttering plates l! and. I2 are;

,, supportedinthis manner and. concrete. is now pouredintothe cavity between the shuttering; platesto a height of .say threefeet assumingrthat; the shuttering plates have a vvertical depth of.- fourfeet. i

As soon as; the concrete; has. set partially the;

screw-jack operating levers it ar'e actuated in turnso asto turn each screw-jack successively by one or two revolutions at atime and thus gradually raise the staging and shuttering .until the brackets 39 have travelled along the length of the screw-jackthrough a distance somewhat less than-the height of the previously cast concrete, which-distance may be the length of the jackscrew. 1 i

The shuttering plates are now in a position for further pouring of the concrete and while this is being carried out the nuts 46 and 46A at the lower ends of the columns are unlocked and raised until they are again in engagement with the lower side of the-brackets 44 or lower end of the members 24 respectively, thus securing the staging and shuttering in its new position irrespective of the support provided by the jack-screws. The jack-screws are now turned-in the opposite direction by inserting a tommy bar into one of thesockets 59 so as to displace the jack-screw upwardly in relation to its bracket 39 until the latter is again at the lower end of the threaded part of the jack-screw, i. e. the jack-screw has been raised bodily upwardly in relation to its associated column.

The collars 52 are now raised on their respective columns so as to engage again the lower ends of the jack-screws and support the latter on their columns and the staging and shuttering is now ready for a further elevation as required, the above sequence of operations being repeated until the full height of the wall has been cast, care being taken to see that the various portions of the shuttering assembly are raised evenly so as to maintain the whole structure substantially horizontal during the raising operation.

In the case of a building, all the walls may be cast more or less simultaneously to the same height so that the shuttering associated with each wall would be at approximately the same height above the ground.

Tocast the walling of the average two story dwelling house may entail five repetitions of the cycle of operations described.

In the apparatus described the twisted bars forming the columns l8, 19 are made sufficiently long for the height of wall required but if desired, the bars may be made in sections, each section being connected by a, spigot and socket joint of rigid construction.

Although the invention has been described as applied to th construction of plain concrete walls it should be understood that it may be applied equally well to the construction of walls embodying'pre-cast blocks to which concrete or other suitable facing material is applied by a pouring or casting operation using the shuttering plates aforesaid. Furthermore, in addition to applying the invention to the construction of walls it may be applied to the construction of other vertical structures which are formed from concrete or similar material, for example, columns, projections and other structures.

Furthermore, where the wall is built up from blocks the concrete may be applied on the outer face only, in which event the inner shuttering plates II and their associated staging and columns would be omitted.

Where shuttering is provided at both sides of the wall or other structure the inner shuttering H may, if desired, be supported from the staging associated with the outer shuttering l2, the staging and columns associated with the inner shuttering' H and not shown in the drawing being dispensed with,the upper parts of the shuttering plates at each side of the wall being tied together by suitable connecting members.

What I claim then is:

l. A scaffolding structure for building a-wall comprising in combination, two spaced rows of vertical columns, a horizontal platform disposed between and supported from said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally thereof, a row of shuttering adapted to form one face of the wall, said shuttering being disposed wholly to one side of both of said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally thereof, hollow tubular jackscrews mounted rotatably on said columns and adjustable independently of each other axially of said columns, nuts on said jackscrews engaging therewith, means supporting said platform and shuttering from said nuts, said shuttering having its wall forming face directed away from the columns which support it, said shuttering supporting means being disposed between said shuttering and the rows of columns, means for rotating said jackscrews in one direction to raise said nuts and platform and shuttering assembly carried thereby, each of said jackscrew supporting columns comprising a helically twisted polygonal metal bar forming a multi-start screw thread having a very large pitch in relation to its diameter, supporting collars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars mounted thereon and adapted to engage with the lower end of said jackscrews, set screws on said collars adapted to lock the same to said twisted bars, nuts on saidtwisted bars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars, set screws on said nuts adapted to lock the same to said twisted bars, said nuts being adapted when locked to support said staging and shuttering assembly on said columns and means for rotating said jackscrews in the opposite direction relative to the nuts thereon into a position for further raising of said platform and shuttering assembly.

2. A scaffolding structure for building a wall comprising in combination two spaced rows of vertical columns, said columns in one row being disposed opposite to the columns in the other row, a scaffold frame unit mounted slidably for vertical movement on each pair of opposed columns, each of said units comprising a pair of vertical members connected rigidly by a horizontal member, ledger members extending along said rows connecting said units and forming therewith a staging adapted to support a horizontal platform disposed between said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally there-' of, a row of shuttering adapted to form one face of the wall, said shuttering being disposed wholly to one side of both of said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally thereof, hollow tubular jackscrews mounted rotatably on said columns and adjustable independently of each other axially of said columns, nuts on said jackscrews engaging therewith, means supporting said frame units and shuttering from said nuts, said shuttering having its wall forming face directed away from the columns which support it, said shutter-' ing supporting means being disposed between said shuttering and the rows of columns, means for rotating said jackscrews in one direction to raise said nuts and staging and shuttering assembly carried thereby, each of said jackscrew columns comprising a helically twisted polygonal metal bar forming a multistart screwthread having a very large pitch in relation to itsdiameter, supporting collars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars mounted jackscrew supporting columns comprising a helically twisted polygonal metal bar forming a thereon and adapted to engage with the lower J end of said jackscrews, set screws on said collars adapted to lock the same to said twisted bars,-

nuts on said twisted bars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars, set

screws on said nuts adapted to lock the same to I said twisted bars, said nuts being adapted when locked to support said staging and shuttering as-x sembly on said columns and means for rotating said jackscrews in the opposite direction relative to the nuts thereon into a position for furtherraising of said staging'and shuttering assembly; a

3. A scaffolding structure for building a wall comprising in combination two spaced rows or vertical columns, a horizontal platform disposed between and supported from said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally thereof, a row of shuttering adapted to form one face of the wall, said shuttering being disposed wholly'to' one side of both of said two rows of columns and extending longitudinally thereof, hollow tubular jackscrews mounted rotatably on said columns and adjustable independently of each other axmulti-start screwthread having a very large pitch in relation to its diameter, supporting collars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars mounted thereon and adapted to engage with the lower end of said jackscrews, set screws on said collars adapted to lock the same to said twisted bars, nuts on said twisted bars shaped internally to correspond with the helically twisted bars, set screws on said nuts adapted to lock the same to said twisted bars, said nuts being adapted when locked to support said staging and shuttering assembly on said columns, and means for rotating said jackscrews in the opposite direction relative to the nuts thereon into a position for further raising of said staging and shuttering assembly.

ALBERT HENRY HAWES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 953,476 Linton Mar. 29, 1910 1,119,851 McQueen Dec. 8, 1914 1,195,976 Chesebro Aug. 29, 1916 1,440,968 Chesebro Jan. 2, 1923 1,460,197 George June 26, 1923 1,539,655 Fels May 26, 1925 1,545,888 Evans July 14, 1925 2,089,871 Adams Aug. 10, 1937 2,294,240 Pullman Aug. 25, 1942 2,396,174 Hawes Mar. 5, 1946