US2512679A - Means for counting electrical impulses - Google Patents

Means for counting electrical impulses Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2512679A
US2512679A US704839A US70483946A US2512679A US 2512679 A US2512679 A US 2512679A US 704839 A US704839 A US 704839A US 70483946 A US70483946 A US 70483946A US 2512679 A US2512679 A US 2512679A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
thermistors
relay
thermistor
circuit
counting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US704839A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ridler Desmond Sydney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2512679A publication Critical patent/US2512679A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K23/00—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains
    • H03K23/001—Pulse counters comprising counting chains; Frequency dividers comprising counting chains using elements not covered by groups H03K23/002 and H03K23/74 - H03K23/84

Definitions

  • the main feature of the invention consists in counting by means of thermistors.
  • an electrical impulse counting train comprises thermistors, the circuits of which are so arranged that the thermistors become conductive in turn in response to successive impulses.
  • Thermistors have been in use for some years and are characterized by a temperature coefiicient of resistance which may be either positive or negative and which is moreover many times the corresponding coefficient for a pure metal such as copper. This property renders thermistors. particularly suitable for a variety of special applications in electric circuits.
  • a resistance material having a high negative temperature coefficient of resistance comprises a mixture of manganese oxide and nickel oxide, with or without the addition of certain other metallic oxides, the mixture being suitably heat treated.
  • Thermistors have been employed in two different forms: (a) known as a Directly Heated Thermistor and comprising a resistance element of the thermally sensitive resistance material provided with suitable lead-out conductors or terminals, and (1)) known as an Indirectly Heated Thermistor comprising the element (a) provided in addition with a heating coil electrically insulated from the element.
  • a directly heated thermistor is primarily intended to be controlled by the current which flows through it and which varies the temperature and also the resistance accordingly. Such a thermistor will also be effected by the temperature of its surroundings and may therefore be used for thermostatic control and like purposes with or without direct heating by the current flowing through it.
  • An indirectly heated thermistor is chiefly designed to be heated by a controlling current which flows through the heating coil and which will usually, but not necessarily, be different from the current which flows through the resistance element, but this type of thermistor may also be subjected to either or both of the types of control applicable to a directly heated thermistor.
  • a counting circuit comprising three trains TRIU, TRHW, TRlllllO of indirectly-heated thermistors, twenty in each, arranged to count groups of ten impulses each. There are carry-over arrangements between the trains to allow them to count respectively up to ten, up to one hundred, and up to one thousand. Registers are provided arranged to be operated from the counting trains.
  • the heater coil circuits of the even-numbered thermistors other than T20 are connected to the front contacts of impulse repeating contacts AI, B2, C2 respectively, and the heater coil circuits of the odd numbered thermistors are connected to the back contacts of said repeating contacts.
  • a key Kl is operated to energise a relay RS which disconnects the current source at RSI, RS2 and RS3 from impulsing contacts Al, Bl, Cl and connects current sources at RS4, RS5 and RS6 to the heater coils of the last thermistors T20 of each train.
  • relay RS On release of Kl, relay RS releases and the closure of contacts RSI, RS2, RS3 completes circuits through Al, Bl, Cl back the heated thermistors T20 and the heater coils of the thermistors TI. Thermistors Tl heat up and thermistors T26 remain conducting in this circuit.
  • Operation of a second key K2 now completes an impulsing circuit for relay A including impulse springs IS which can be operated in any suitable known manner to operate relay A.
  • Contact Al opens its back contact and closes its front contact completing a circuit through the heated resistance element of Ti of TRlil and the heater coil of T2, which heats up.
  • relay A releases and contact Al returns to its back contact, cornpleting a circuit through the heater coil of T3 and the heated resistance element of T2 so that the heater coil of T3 heats up. While contact Al is off its front contact, the thermistor T2 cools so that when battery is again connected to the front contact of Al current will not flow through T2 and the heater coil of T3.
  • the beginning and end of the second impulse heats up thermistors T4, T5, the third impulse heats up thermistors T6, T1, the fourth impulse heats up thermistors T8, T9, and so on.
  • the thermistors in turn cool down and cease to be conducting, so that at any time there is only one thermistor of the train conducting, and a preceding one cooling down.
  • the tenth closure of front contacts AI will therefore operate relay B through the resistance element of thermistor i 9, and the heater element of thermistor 20.
  • relay A again releases, relay B is released and a circuit is completed through the resistance element of T20 and the heater element of TI.
  • relay B operates contacts Bl to heat upthermistor T2 of TR-lflll, and its release completes a circuit for heating thermistor T3 of this train. TRIOO remains in this condition while further impulses to relay A operate TRIS.
  • relay B In response to ten impulses causes a further impulse to TRIBE).
  • TRIM! When TRIM! has received ten impulses from relay B, relay C will operate causing an impulse via CI to TRI 800 which operates in the same way as TR l and TRIM.
  • relay D When TR-lllflll has received ten impulses relay D operates momentarily.
  • Registers REG), I00, I000 of any suitable conventional type are operated via contacts B2, C2 and Di, for each ten, one hundred, and one thousand impulses received. These registers record up to ten, and will therefore indicate the impulses counted to the nearest ten.
  • An electric impulse counting circuit comprising one or more trains of thermistors connected in succession, means for energizing said thermistors in turn in response to a succession of impulses to be counted, and register means for indicating the number of impulses counted upon the type comprising a resistance element and a heating element, the resistance element of each thermistor being connected to the heating element of the succeeding thermistor.
  • a circuit in accordance with claim 2 further comprizing relay means connected in series with said preselected thermistor in each of said trains whereby receipt of a predetermined number of impulses energizes said relay thereby connecting a succeeding train of thermistors to count impulses of different orders, the counting train or trains for counting lowers orders being arranged to cause one impulse to be transmitted to the counting train of the next higher order each time each train has counted a predetermined number of impulses.
  • An electric impulse counting circuit comprizing one or more trains of thermistors, each thermistor of a train being connected in succession comprizing odd and even groups respectively connected in parallel, means for energizing said groups alternately in response to successive impulses received whereby successive thermistors are rendered conducting in turn, relay means connected to a predetermined thermistor in the succession said relay means being energized when said predetermined thermistor operates, and register means operated by said relay indieating an impulse count for each operation of said relay.
  • a circuit in accordance with claim 4 further comprising starting relay means including a key and having a plurality of contacts associated with each train whereby said counting circuit is ini tially placed in an operative condition.
  • each thermistor cools down when the succeeding thermistor circuit is completed.

Landscapes

  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
US704839A 1945-09-14 1946-10-22 Means for counting electrical impulses Expired - Lifetime US2512679A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB23773/45A GB606680A (en) 1945-09-14 1945-09-14 Improvements in or relating to means for counting electrical impulses

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2512679A true US2512679A (en) 1950-06-27

Family

ID=10201095

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US704839A Expired - Lifetime US2512679A (en) 1945-09-14 1946-10-22 Means for counting electrical impulses

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2512679A (en)van)
DE (1) DE871081C (en)van)
ES (1) ES177870A1 (en)van)
FR (1) FR949000A (en)van)
GB (1) GB606680A (en)van)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774818A (en) * 1950-01-27 1956-12-18 Heron Kenneth Maicolm Electronic register translator
US2874330A (en) * 1954-05-21 1959-02-17 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Electronic counter control

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1196707B (de) * 1959-06-19 1965-07-15 Westinghouse Electric Corp Impulszaehlgeraet

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2398771A (en) * 1943-05-24 1946-04-23 Ncr Co Electronic device
US2402372A (en) * 1943-05-06 1946-06-18 Ncr Co Electronic counting device
US2405096A (en) * 1941-06-04 1946-07-30 Ncr Co Electronic accumulator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405096A (en) * 1941-06-04 1946-07-30 Ncr Co Electronic accumulator
US2402372A (en) * 1943-05-06 1946-06-18 Ncr Co Electronic counting device
US2398771A (en) * 1943-05-24 1946-04-23 Ncr Co Electronic device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774818A (en) * 1950-01-27 1956-12-18 Heron Kenneth Maicolm Electronic register translator
US2874330A (en) * 1954-05-21 1959-02-17 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Electronic counter control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR949000A (en)van) 1949-08-25
ES177870A1 (es) 1947-06-16
GB606680A (en) 1948-08-18
DE871081C (de) 1953-03-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2482820A (en) Periodic electromagnetic relay
US2397123A (en) Contact operation
US2377506A (en) Supervision of electric power supply circuits
US2958755A (en) Electronic sequencer control circuits
US2512679A (en) Means for counting electrical impulses
US2522826A (en) Electric temperature control system
US2563824A (en) High-speed stepping distributor and counting circuit
US2792506A (en) Resettable delay flop
US2295118A (en) Electrical indicating apparatus
US2160823A (en) Control of electromagnets
US2593578A (en) Relay counting circuit
US2905934A (en) Translator
US2295533A (en) Meter reading apparatus
US3495136A (en) Degaussing circuits
US3369127A (en) Cryogenic universal logic element
GB1188975A (en) An Automatic Degaussing Apparatus
US2339029A (en) Thermosensitive relay
US2858528A (en) Indicating system
US2422212A (en) Adjustable step-by-step motor
US2447037A (en) Signal system
US3343077A (en) Methods of and apparatus for seriesparallel testing of electrical components
US1927512A (en) Electrical switching device
US3512148A (en) Freezer warning system
US3648070A (en) Structure for and method of voltage dip counting
US3025433A (en) Relay binary counter