US2506557A - Method for smelting sulfide bearing raw materials - Google Patents

Method for smelting sulfide bearing raw materials Download PDF

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US2506557A
US2506557A US756056A US75605647A US2506557A US 2506557 A US2506557 A US 2506557A US 756056 A US756056 A US 756056A US 75605647 A US75605647 A US 75605647A US 2506557 A US2506557 A US 2506557A
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air
path
raw material
smelting
combustion gases
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Bryk Petri Baldur
Ryselin Johan Wilhelm
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
    • C22B5/14—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases fluidised material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • C22B1/10—Roasting processes in fluidised form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
    • C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
    • C22B15/0047—Smelting or converting flash smelting or converting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of smelting tion with recovering copper are based in the main on the use of furnaces, either blast, reverberatory or electric.
  • the smelting method now most generally in use is the reverberatory according to which e. g. a concentrate roasted to a specific sulfur content is fed into the furnace and the requisite temperature attained by means of burning e. g. pulverized coal, fuel oil or natural gases. Electric energy substitutes fuel in the electric furnace method. From the metallurgical point of view both of these methods are fit for use, but both involve considerable amounts of extraneous heat, reverberatory smelting approximately -20 per cent. coal per ton concentrate and electric smelting about 500 kwh. per ton charge.
  • pyritic smelting can be conducted without use of extraneous fuel, 1. e. the combustion heat of sulfur and iron contained in the sulfide raw material is utilized. Pyritic smelting takes place in the blast furnace and due to the construction and operation of the furnace rich lump ore must be used as raw material. Pyritic smelting is characterized by the fact that in the furnace combustion air and raw material always travel in counter current to each other so that the combustion heat of so-called pyritlc sulfur is not utilized effectively because it does not burn until at the mouth of the blast furnace. Practice has proved that pyritic smelting is difficult to attend to, and that the charge requires an additional amount of about 1-3 per cent of coke.
  • H. Freeman e. g. Swedish Patent No. 77,454 has patented a method according to which iron sulfide is roasted, by means of oxidizing gas, to sulfur dioxide and iron oxide. Characteristic of this method is the fact, that the pulverized sulfide ore fed to the combustion chamber on coming down, runs into the rising oxidant air current, which retards the fall of the particles. In the upper part of the combustion chamber, where nitrogen and sulfur dioxide are the chief constituents of the gas, the concentrate is pre-heated in the main toreaction temperature. Combustion proper of said sulfur occurs in the intermediate or primary combustion zone. In the bottom or secondary combustion zone the rising air runs into the glowing particles and there burns the major portion of iron and the residue sulfur.
  • T. R. Haglund (Swedish Patent No. 96,977) has patented a method for roasting or roasting and smelting sulfide bearing raw material and differing from the aforestated invention inter alia in that oxygen gas or oxygen-enriched gas containing appreciably more oxygen than that held in air is utilized as an oxidizing gas.
  • This invention relates to a method for smelting pulverized sulfide bearing raw materials according to which the raw material itself acts as heat imparting matter.
  • this invention has for its object a marked improvement in methods for smelting pulverized sulfide raw materials because smelting can be effected very economically indeed for in the smelting process there is no need to resort to the use of oxygen gas or gas enriched by oxygen.
  • the pulverized sulfide bearing raw material is fed to the smelting chamber together with the preheated air current so that i. e. the pyritic sulfur contained in the concentrate immediately begins to dissociate and burn.
  • Practise namely, has shown that by accurately regulating the quantities of both concentrate and air in respect to each other a result is attained corresponding to that calculated theoretically.
  • Such theoretical calculations are well known to 'those skilled in the art and are shown in numerous texts. such as for instance, Metallurgical Problems" by Allison Butts, published by McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 1943.
  • the dry sulfide bearing raw material suchas I copper concentrate and slag forming materials are driven into feed bin 8 and therefrom, by means of an accuratelyregulated feeding-device 9, into burner l and are smelted under the eifect of pro-heated air in combustion chamber l. air and the raw material come together at the exit of the burner l0 and the smelting commences at this position. Smelting continues and the reaction velocity increases as the air and. raw material move downwardly in the vertical chamber l. The smelted raw material is converted into molten particles which form adjacent the bottom of the vertical chamber I andfall unto furnace hearth 2 where slag and matte or slag and metal separate.
  • combustion gases fiow from the bottom of the vertical chamber l across the horizontal hearth 2 and above the smelted material collecting and separating thereon. They leave at the remote end of the hearth 2 through gas fiue 3 and exit through air pre-heater 4 and concentrate drier I.
  • Ventilator 5 blows combustion air into the air pre-heater and the air amount is accurately regulated and measured by means of control device 6 and then fiows into:
  • the liquid product obtained from the furnace hearth is recovered in the known manner and is handled, depending on its quality, in accordance with prior known methods. Now it might suit the purpose well, especially when matte richer than normally or e. g. raw metal is formed, to couple a reverberatory furnace or an electricfurnace of the well-known construction in connection with the apparatus set forth in this invention where e. g. slag refining can be efi'ected according to prior known methods.
  • a reverberatory furnace or an electricfurnace of the well-known construction in connection with the apparatus set forth in this invention where e. g. slag refining can be efi'ected according to prior known methods.
  • the method of smelting sulfide bearing raw materials including flotation concentrate which comprises, bringing together said raw material in finely divided form and a controlled volume of air solely at a single position at the beginning of their path of movement, reacting said air with said raw material at the position where they are first brought together, causing said air and said raw material reacting therewith to move smooth- 'ly downwardly in a vertical elongated horizontally restricted path, with continuous reduction
  • The' of the partial pressure of oxygen in the air while increasing the reaction velocity through rise in temperature in the course of the movement to produce at the lower end of said path a molten charge and hot combustion gases, directing said combustion gases in a horizontal path at the base of said vertical path, collecting said molten charge beneath said combustion gases and said' said air and said raw material reacting therewith to move concurrently smoothly downwardly in a vertically elongated horizontally restricted path, with continuous diminution of the partial pressure of oxygen from the air as the reaction proceeds, and with increase .in the reaction velocity through rise in temperature in the
  • the method of smelting sulfide bearing raw materials including flotation concentrate which comprises, bringing together measured quantities of said raw material and air solely at a single position, where the partial pressure of oxygen is at a maximum, reacting said raw material and said air immediately upon their being brought together, causing said air and said raw material reacting therewith to move concurrently downwardly in a vertically elongated horizontally restricted path while continually diminishing the partial pressure of the oxygen in the air and proceeding with the combustion of the raw material, increasing the reaction velocity between the raw material and air through rise intemperature in the course of said downward movement, and along with the diminishing of the partial pressure of oxygen, to produce at the lower end of said path a molten charge, and hot combustion gases with the part'al pressure of oxygen in its most diminished state, directing said combustion gases in a horizontal path at the base of said vertical path, collecting said molten charge beneath said combustion gases in said horizontal path, and separating said molten charge into layers of matte and slag.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US756056A 1947-04-03 1947-06-20 Method for smelting sulfide bearing raw materials Expired - Lifetime US2506557A (en)

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FI651177X 1947-04-03

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DE (1) DE886390C (de)
GB (1) GB651177A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735759A (en) * 1956-02-21 Process of smelting copper sulfide ores
US2784081A (en) * 1953-10-20 1957-03-05 William E Greenawalt Ore smelting processes
US2784076A (en) * 1953-10-20 1957-03-05 William E Greenawalt Ore treating processes
DE1205503B (de) * 1959-10-01 1965-11-25 Osakeyhtioe Outokumpu Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Schwefel und Eisensulfid aus Pyrit oder Pyritkonzentraten
US3900310A (en) * 1971-09-17 1975-08-19 Outokumpu Oy Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided oxide and/or sulfide ores and concentrates
US4113470A (en) * 1974-07-05 1978-09-12 Outokumpu Oy Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided sulfidic and/or oxidic ores or concentrates
WO2004046401A1 (de) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-03 Patco Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zum gewinnen von kupfer mittels zerstäubung einer kupferrohstoff enthaltenden schmelze
US6761749B1 (en) 2000-01-04 2004-07-13 Outokumpu Oyj Method for the production of blister copper in suspension reactor
BG64652B1 (bg) * 2002-06-24 2005-10-31 Outokumpu Oyj Метод за производство на черна мед в суспенсионен реактор
WO2015059361A1 (en) 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for feeding process gases from a suspension smelting furnace into a waste heat boiler
US9725784B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2017-08-08 Lawrence F. McHugh Production of copper via looping oxidation process
US9957586B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2018-05-01 Outotec Oyj Method of using a suspension smelting furnace, a suspension smelting furnace, and a concentrate burner

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2253074C3 (de) * 1972-10-28 1983-12-22 Deutsche Babcock & Wilcox Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Verfahren zur pyrometallurgischen Behandlung von Feststoffen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US963020A (en) * 1909-05-04 1910-06-28 John Parke Channing Method of smelting pyritic ores.
US1164653A (en) * 1915-03-03 1915-12-21 John H Klepinger Process of smelting ores.
US1193783A (en) * 1916-08-08 Iiousk
US1888164A (en) * 1929-06-15 1932-11-15 Sulphide Res Corp Ltd Process of smelting finely divided sulphide ores
US1915540A (en) * 1931-10-28 1933-06-27 Milo W Krejci Process of treating ores and furnace therefor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1193783A (en) * 1916-08-08 Iiousk
US963020A (en) * 1909-05-04 1910-06-28 John Parke Channing Method of smelting pyritic ores.
US1164653A (en) * 1915-03-03 1915-12-21 John H Klepinger Process of smelting ores.
US1888164A (en) * 1929-06-15 1932-11-15 Sulphide Res Corp Ltd Process of smelting finely divided sulphide ores
US1915540A (en) * 1931-10-28 1933-06-27 Milo W Krejci Process of treating ores and furnace therefor

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735759A (en) * 1956-02-21 Process of smelting copper sulfide ores
US2784081A (en) * 1953-10-20 1957-03-05 William E Greenawalt Ore smelting processes
US2784076A (en) * 1953-10-20 1957-03-05 William E Greenawalt Ore treating processes
DE1205503B (de) * 1959-10-01 1965-11-25 Osakeyhtioe Outokumpu Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Schwefel und Eisensulfid aus Pyrit oder Pyritkonzentraten
US3900310A (en) * 1971-09-17 1975-08-19 Outokumpu Oy Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided oxide and/or sulfide ores and concentrates
US4113470A (en) * 1974-07-05 1978-09-12 Outokumpu Oy Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided sulfidic and/or oxidic ores or concentrates
US6761749B1 (en) 2000-01-04 2004-07-13 Outokumpu Oyj Method for the production of blister copper in suspension reactor
BG64652B1 (bg) * 2002-06-24 2005-10-31 Outokumpu Oyj Метод за производство на черна мед в суспенсионен реактор
WO2004046401A1 (de) * 2002-11-20 2004-06-03 Patco Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zum gewinnen von kupfer mittels zerstäubung einer kupferrohstoff enthaltenden schmelze
US9957586B2 (en) 2009-10-19 2018-05-01 Outotec Oyj Method of using a suspension smelting furnace, a suspension smelting furnace, and a concentrate burner
US9725784B2 (en) 2012-06-21 2017-08-08 Lawrence F. McHugh Production of copper via looping oxidation process
WO2015059361A1 (en) 2013-10-25 2015-04-30 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for feeding process gases from a suspension smelting furnace into a waste heat boiler
US10203158B2 (en) 2013-10-25 2019-02-12 Outotec (Finland) Oy Method and arrangement for feeding process gases from a suspension smelting furnace into a waste heat boiler

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Publication number Publication date
GB651177A (en) 1951-03-14
DE886390C (de) 1953-08-13

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