US2505006A - Gaseous discharge device - Google Patents

Gaseous discharge device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2505006A
US2505006A US777817A US77781747A US2505006A US 2505006 A US2505006 A US 2505006A US 777817 A US777817 A US 777817A US 77781747 A US77781747 A US 77781747A US 2505006 A US2505006 A US 2505006A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pulses
tube
gap
pulse
gaps
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US777817A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Reeves Alec Harley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2505006A publication Critical patent/US2505006A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/38—Cold-cathode tubes
    • H01J17/48—Cold-cathode tubes with more than one cathode or anode, e.g. sequence-discharge tube, counting tube, dekatron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/15—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors
    • H03K5/15013—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors with more than two outputs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/04—Distributors combined with modulators or demodulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/04—Distributors combined with modulators or demodulators
    • H04J3/042—Distributors with electron or gas discharge tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/007—Sequential discharge tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electronic devices using multigap cold cathode gaseous discharge tubes.
  • the invention consists of an electronic device which comprises a cold cathode gaseous discharge tube having a number of gaps adapted to fire in a predetermined order on the application to the said gaps of consecutive pulses of electrical energy due to the influence of a fired gap on the potential required to fire an adjacent particularlyred gap, means for applying in turn to the said tube a first group of pulses and a second group of pulses and means for giving a signal dependent on the firing of a ⁇ predetermined gap during the application of the second group of pulses.
  • Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a device adapted to record a number of pulses and subsequently ⁇ deliver a signal or signals depending on that number;
  • Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a device adapted to record a number of pulses and then continuously deliver information characteristic of that number in the form of a delay or phase position in relation to a recurrent cycle of pulses.
  • cold cathode gaseous discharge tubes having a number of discharge gaps which re in succession in a predetermined order, on application of pulses to the said gaps in common, due to ionisation of an unred gap, .caused by the discharge in an adjoining fired gap.
  • a rst pulse applied to the tube will re only a predetermined gap, called the starting gap, and various alternative measures to ensure this include the closer spacing of the electrodes of the starting gapincomparison with the other gaps, a bias potential applied to the starting gap only, or the provision of a permanently discharging gap, called a pilot gap, adjoining the starting gap, vcausing this gap to be permanently ionised. 55
  • a limit is set to the permissible frequency of pulse repetition by the need for a time interval between pulses, long enough to allow the gaps to become deionised (except the starting gap when a pilot gap is provided as previously described).
  • measures to reduce deionising time may be taken, for instance, by the use of special gas atmospheres in the tube.
  • it may be arranged to ensure that one or more pulses succeeding that which fires the last gap, are prevented from firing any gaps in the tube so that a time longer than the interpulse interval is allowed for deionisation of the gas in the gaps.
  • tubes possessing this feature are ⁇ supplied with pulses to their gaps, incommon, and with no constant discharge-maintaining l'potential,y fa gap once red will ionise the adjacent iinred gap and extinguish at the end of the pulsewhich red it.
  • the next pulse will re the ionised adjacent unredzfgapbut will deretheex- .tinguished gap v(owing-:to the ysaid rise in its vcritical.nringvoltage), it being arranged that Lthe :pulse amplitude -is belowfsuch critical voltage.
  • a @small ibias '-' may be ia'pplied to the starting gap to make quite sure that the sequence S starts lwith that g'a'p linicycles after the-rst, but Athis "biasrru'sthotlbelarge enough-Lto leave'the! startling-'gap permanently discharging.
  • Fig. ⁇ 1 illustrates a device incorporating a tube of thetypedescribed and the upper half of the ldrawingdepictaa tube of the non-memory type vhaving lten fdischarge gaps.
  • Thisrdevice is designed to have a number of .gapsred'bys'ighal pulses, after which a system of relays causes a master pulse train to be applic'dtothe tube, ring the remaining gaps of the tube until, on reaching the last gap, the tube ⁇ is :extinguishedzand the LYmaster -i-pulse disconnected. :Means are provided for-producing an impulse for every master pulse so applied to fthe vtube,-and the -number of these impulsesvis, of
  • This y.information may be delivered lup imme- .diately Aor -storedand-delivered later; by breaking the ⁇ connection-to the masterpulse source'and only-connecting it v'when ⁇ the ⁇ information is re- .quired y,
  • the tube I has a-commonanodel'andvcath- -,odes "3 -and A4, cathode d havingA nine L projections like' the teeth of a comb, "towards :the anode, .de- Ylining.'nine-.gaps 15,--:6, '1v-859,440, H,v t2 and t3 between-3 and-2,:and cathode dhavng a-surface lof a larger area than the other rcathode points, dening .a tenth gap - ⁇ I4 between ,'-2 -and 4.
  • ⁇ 1 2ulses fare 4applied tothe gaps-of ⁇ the .tubeA through fa feed: condenser t9.
  • Master pulse generator 28 is connected via transformer 29, in one leg, to 24 and 25 through contacts dI, d2, normally open.
  • Relay A is connected in series with one connection between 26 and 24 and 25.
  • This pulse also adds to the potential across the condenser 23 causing this potential to become larger than that of the source 20.
  • Relay A operates, operating B over aI front contacts.
  • B operates C, over bl front contacts, and C holds over c2 front contacts, cI back contacts.
  • Contacts cI also prepare an operating path for D, on the release of B.
  • Subsequent operation of IP contacts re successive gaps of the tube I and A impulses in time with IP.
  • relay E When the last gap is fired, relay E operates kfrom the discharge current through gap I4, being connected in the battery negative connection to the cathode of that gap only.
  • Relay E operating, breaks the holding circuit of C at eI.
  • C releases, releasing D at cI, disconnecting 28 from tube I at dI, d2, open. All relays quired to hold the information for later delivery. ,To achieve this, it is only necessary to break the circuit between master pulse generator 28 and ⁇ ⁇ contacts dI, d2, for instance, with a switch or re-6 lay contacts, normally open.
  • the de- ⁇ vice After the termination of signal pulses, the de- ⁇ vice would then remain indenitely with a certain number of tube gaps discharging, with relays A and B released, relays C and D operated and contacts dI, d2, closed ready for the switching-in of 4the master pulse on closing of the said switch or vrelay contacts.
  • the tapping is chosen so that the rectier 22 is just non-conducting when all gaps are iiring, that is to say, when the voltage drop across resistance I6 is at its maximum.
  • This device represents the simplest application of the invention.
  • the functions of the relays could readily be carried out by electronic devices, for instance, the function of relays A and B could be entrusted to a time constant circuit upon'the recovery of which, at the end of the signal pulses, an electronic-flip-flop circuit could be utilised to connect in the master pulses to the tube, the Hip-flop being restored to its original state by a pulse generated by the discharge of the last gap of the tube.
  • the flip-flop circuit could be of known type and Fig. 2 shows such a circuit consisting of tubes 36, 31 and 38 and their connecting circuits.
  • a recording device shall deliver information characteristic of the applied signal pulses in continuous form, and Fig. 2 illustrates such a device where the delivered information continuously denes a time position or phase relationship in or to a continuing sequence of master pulses.
  • a cold cathode discharge tube I is shown, which closely resembles tube I of Fig. 1 and the circuits immediately connected with the operation of the tube are also similar, the same numerical references being used in the two figures for corresponding items.
  • the differences in the two tube circuits are confined to the pulse feed circuit to the tube and the components in the circuit exclusive to cathode 4.
  • the circuit of cathode 4 includes a resistance 3l and a transformer 32.
  • the forvmer is connected to a source of audio frequency signal, and voltages developed across 3l affect the precise time of firing of gap I4, so that output pulses from transformer 32, passing through a rectifier 33 which passes only the leading edges of the pulses, and battery 34 which biases rectifier 33 suitably, are recovered from terminals 35, modulated in time by the audio frequency signals.
  • Pulses are applied to the tube to fire a number of its gaps.
  • a master pulse is applied to the tube, not immediately, but 'at acomode a certain Iphase suchimaster ⁇ pulses; whichemay be regarded as divided into successive cycles each having anumber ⁇ of pulsesequal to the number off pulses in the operating cycle of .the tube.
  • a pulse at a certain phase in such cycle of pulses islregardedfas the Zero pulse of .thewcyc'les and Ymaybe marked. or accentuated in some way or, alternatively, a rseparate zero .pulse .generator maybeused, producing a pulse only at zero phase of the master Vpulse cycles.
  • the first-zero pulsewater the vtermination of the-signal impulses isapplied to .the tube'which tires atanother of its vgaps from the ⁇ Zero'pulse 'andcontinues to fire other gaps from the master pulses, giving an output pulse from terminal 35 ⁇ on thering of gap ill, after which thedischarges .in thetube are. extinguished.
  • the Vnext master pulse .-after,.extinguishment starts a new ring cycle of the gaps of the tube :which 'continues to -re in repe'atedcycles, indefinitely, till the master rpulse.Y is disconnected.
  • a source B. of impulses and audio frequency .signals is. shownrin .the form ci the microphone .and .dial circuits of a conventional telephone subset, Athough the invention is by no means con- ;ned to telephone systems. Y
  • the components shown are dial impulse co tacts IP, oir-normal springs ON, switch-hook Gn lifting the receiver, SH closes the loop at the subset end, operating A, through earth, bat.- rtery, top winding of A, Wire t2, IP, SH, .bottom winding of A, earth. operating, operates B Aon al iront contacts.
  • ONfront springs yshort-.circuitmicrophone.15e and l'on ⁇ the return fof ithezdial, 'each :dial impulse .takes the form of opening IP, A releasing .for each impulse.
  • .A .pentode .36 isA normally biassed positive on its suppressor grid by potential divider di, 42, aconnecticn from its anode being taken through food condenser 3Q tothe pulse input of tube i.
  • Valve 3&3 is ,also normally cut oi on its control grid which is connectedtothe grid of one Valve .Si of .the nip-flop circuit having two valves 31 and 3E.
  • the anodes of @l and 38 are supplied with high tension current through anode loads d5 and d6 respectivelyhe anode of valve :il being connectedto.
  • the grid o valve Sii through resistance 69 and the anode of Valve 38 being connected to the grids of valves 36 and 3l through resistance 4l.
  • Valves and are given a standing grid bias by battery 5l, through resistances i8 and 5t respectively.
  • Zero Apulse generator 55 emits negative pulses at .zero phase of master pulse generator iil, and the rst zero.
  • pulse after the release of C, at the end of dialling cuts ofi i3 from the anode of which the control grids of and 31 receive a positive bias due to the rise in anode voltage on cessation of anode current through 46, and 3i becomes conducting, whilst the control grid of 3e is opened Masterinstalle generator is permanently connested to the suppressor grid of 36, through feed A condenser 52,.
  • a pulse Y is passed to terminals 35 at the required phase position in relation to Zero phase of the master pulse cycles and the precise firing time or gap I4 and of the pulse from 35 will be varied according to the instantaneous potential across 3I which is varied by the audio frequency signals from microphone 59.
  • ISH contacts are opened, A releases, releasing B at al back contacts, D releasing in turn at bl open.
  • B releasing before D, closes a circuit at d3 front contacts, b3 back contacts, connecting a battery 53 to the grid ci 31 through condenser 54, applying a momentary negative pulse to 31, cutting oiT 31 and 3'6 on its control grid, and restoring the filipflop to its other stable state.
  • This circuit is later cut, on the release -of D, after its release lag.
  • the zero pulse generator path to 38 grid is now br-oken at d5.
  • the tube I is protected from false impulses.
  • relays could equally well be performed by corresponding electronic devices, for instance several flip-ncp circuits of the type described could readily be made to do the same tasks. Where operating speeds are within the capacity of relays, howevenit wil-l frequently be advantageous to use relays to avoid added 'tubes and their power supplies.
  • Th device shown in Figbz is capable of'accepting a single train of pulses only and, with the simple subset shown, would only deal with single digit impulse trains.
  • successive stages of selection may be introduced into a system responsive to successive digits in a decimal numbering system, though here, the simple system of impulsing described would need modification to the extent of passing digits after the first to the modulating part of the circuit and outward from terminals 35 whence, after dem-cdulation, they could be used to provide signal impulses for a similar device responsible for secondary selection.
  • a device of the type shown in Fig. 2 is used in a telecommunication system, though it is of course by no means coniined to such application, it can be connected directly to the termination of an incoming distribution line and one such device will be required for every such incoming line.
  • a line nding device searches for and locks to the time position of a calling line and pulses at that time position, modulated by designation or other signals from the calling line, are demodulated before being passed to selecting apparatus responsive to designation signals, adapted to select a time position allotted to another line incoming to the system to which connection is required.
  • the device illustrated in Fig. 2 could readily perform this selection process by the application' of demodulated signalling impulses to lines 62 and 63 in place of subset 64, the master pulse gen-l erator and Zero pulse generator being synchro-J nised with the distributor or other means entrusted with the transfer of the incoming lines to the various time positions to which they are allotted in the cycle of pulses.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 make use of a tube without the memory effect and in which extinguishment of discharges at the end of a ring cycle is entrusted to condenser 23. Other methods of extinguishment may be used,
  • a tube having the memory eiiect could be used in either application, in which case, in the Figure 1 arrangement, the stabilising circuit 2 I, 22 would be unnecessary, whereas in the Fig. 2 arrangement, the need for speciiic extinguishing means, at the end of a cycle, would also be unnecessary.
  • rlhis might, for instance, be used to record the units digit of a multi-digit number, the other digits, derived either from a circuit connected'to the last gap 'of the tube, or in some other Way, being recorded elsewhere.
  • An electronic device V which comprises a-cold cathode gaseous discharge tube having a number of gaps arranged in'sequence toire in succession in a predeterminedV order on the application, ⁇ to the said gaps, of consecutive pulses of electrical energydue to the influence of a red gap on the potential required to fire an adjacent unredgap, means for applying in turn to 'the said ytube av firstgroup of pulses, means under control of-said lrst means and responsive tothe end of thelast pulse of said first group for applying to :the :said tube a second group Voi pulses, and means also under control of said li-lrst means forgiving a signal dependent on the firing 4.of :a predetermined gap during the application of theY second group of pulses.
  • An electronic device as claimed insclaim 1, in which the tube is arranged to respond .to repeated cycles of pulses, each having ⁇ pulses ⁇ at least equal in number to the number of the said gaps, and in which the second group of pulses contain a number of such cycles, the said signal being repeated each time the said predetermined gap is iired and deiining a phase position in each cycle.
  • An electronic device as claimed in claim 2, comprising means for producing a repetitive connecting signal synchronized with .the first :pulse in .each cycle of said-second group, the means for applying the secondgroup of pulses also lie- 12 comprising means for modulating the signal dependent on the firing ofthe predetermined gap.
  • a device as claimed infclaim 1, in which the tube is arranged to respond to repeated cycles of pulses, each having pulses at least equalin number to the number of the gaps, and in which the second group of pulses contains a number of such cycles, the said cycles being repeated each time the said predetermined gap is iired and defining a phasejposition in each cycle, and further comprsing'means for producing a repetitive connecting signal synchronized with the first pulse in each cycle of said group, and means for applying the second group of pulses comprising an electronic circuit having two stable conditions in the first of which pulses of the second group are withheld from the said gaps and in the second of which pulses of the said second group are applied to the said gaps, and means for causing said connecting vsignal to shift said circuit from said rst condition to said second condition.
  • Anele'ctrcnic device comprising a cold cathode gaseous discharge tube having a gap adapted to Vdisclmrge during the application thereto oiv pulses of electrical energy, means Yfor applying pulses to said gap, means connected to said gap for producing a signalwhen said gap iires, andmeans for modulating the pulses applied to said gap so as to vary the time of firing and thus modulate the signal with respect to time.
  • An electronic device as ⁇ claimed in claim 6, in which means is provided for extinguishing the said gap between successive pulses of a sequence of pulses applied theretoand in which the sig- Hals, dependent on ⁇ the repeated iiring of the said gap during-the application Aof thesaid pulses, are successively modulated by the said modulating means.
  • the modulating means includes means responsive to audio frequency current or voltage.
  • an electronic device as claimed in claim 6, in which the said gap is one of several gaps ln a cold .cathode gaseous discharge tube such gaps being adapted to fire in succession in a predetermined order on the application of consecutive pulses of electrical energy due to the'inluence of a fired gap on the potential required to fire an adjacent unred gap, and in which means is pro vided for extinguishing the said gap between successive pulses of a sequence of pulses applied thereto and in which the signals, dependent on the repeated firing of the said gap on or during the lapplication of the said pulses, are successively modulatedby said modulating means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
US777817A 1946-10-03 1947-10-03 Gaseous discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2505006A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB275283X 1946-10-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2505006A true US2505006A (en) 1950-04-25

Family

ID=10261053

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US777818A Expired - Lifetime US2645680A (en) 1946-10-03 1947-10-03 Pulse distributor, including electric discharge devices
US777817A Expired - Lifetime US2505006A (en) 1946-10-03 1947-10-03 Gaseous discharge device

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US777818A Expired - Lifetime US2645680A (en) 1946-10-03 1947-10-03 Pulse distributor, including electric discharge devices

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US2645680A (xx)
BE (2) BE479962A (xx)
CH (2) CH275283A (xx)
FR (3) FR58460E (xx)
GB (2) GB665819A (xx)
NL (2) NL78124C (xx)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2575517A (en) * 1950-01-21 1951-11-20 Northrop Aircraft Inc Glow tube counting circuit
US2641725A (en) * 1950-06-30 1953-06-09 Int Standard Electric Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2646523A (en) * 1950-01-28 1953-07-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multicathode gaseous discharge device
US2675504A (en) * 1950-03-31 1954-04-13 Ibm Gaseous discharge register
US2679978A (en) * 1950-01-25 1954-06-01 Nat Res Dev Pulse scaling system
US2685049A (en) * 1951-10-31 1954-07-27 Ibm Coincidence circuit
US2687496A (en) * 1949-07-15 1954-08-24 Ibm Gaseous discharge register
US2723365A (en) * 1950-12-01 1955-11-08 Northrop Aircraft Inc Sectional read-out tube and circuit
US2740921A (en) * 1950-12-12 1956-04-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric discharge tubes and circuits therefor
US2780751A (en) * 1948-06-11 1957-02-05 Ridler Desmond Sydney Gas discharge tubes and circuit arrangements therefor
US3852639A (en) * 1972-06-17 1974-12-03 Philips Corp Visual display apparatus

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2848647A (en) * 1954-06-23 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Multiplexing system
US2917717A (en) * 1955-02-04 1959-12-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Modulator for amplitude modulating a pulse train
US2920142A (en) * 1955-06-06 1960-01-05 Itt Pulse communication system
DE1041078B (de) * 1955-09-07 1958-10-16 Albert Jefferies Baggott Schaltungsanordnung zur Speicherung und Weitergabe von Impulsen
US2919436A (en) * 1956-03-15 1959-12-29 Burroughs Corp Multiplex measuring device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2404920A (en) * 1940-09-27 1946-07-30 Research Corp Electronic discharge apparatus
US2443407A (en) * 1947-06-18 1948-06-15 Jr Nathaniel B Walcs Gaseous discharge device

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE550856C (de) * 1929-03-07 1932-05-23 Otto Von Bronk Vorrichtung zur elektrischen Bilduebertragung
US2432608A (en) * 1941-03-28 1947-12-16 Ncr Co Multianode, gas-filled discharge device
GB556079A (en) * 1942-03-12 1943-09-20 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements relating to multi-channel electrical communication systems
US2375830A (en) * 1942-03-31 1945-05-15 Raytheon Mfg Co Device for producing successive electrical impulses
US2465355A (en) * 1943-01-27 1949-03-29 George W Cook Wave analyzer
US2466467A (en) * 1943-02-25 1949-04-05 Ncr Co Communication system
US2427533A (en) * 1943-12-31 1947-09-16 Research Corp Electronic switching device
US2575370A (en) * 1949-06-25 1951-11-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Cold cathode gaseous discharge device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2404920A (en) * 1940-09-27 1946-07-30 Research Corp Electronic discharge apparatus
US2443407A (en) * 1947-06-18 1948-06-15 Jr Nathaniel B Walcs Gaseous discharge device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780751A (en) * 1948-06-11 1957-02-05 Ridler Desmond Sydney Gas discharge tubes and circuit arrangements therefor
US2687496A (en) * 1949-07-15 1954-08-24 Ibm Gaseous discharge register
US2575517A (en) * 1950-01-21 1951-11-20 Northrop Aircraft Inc Glow tube counting circuit
US2679978A (en) * 1950-01-25 1954-06-01 Nat Res Dev Pulse scaling system
US2646523A (en) * 1950-01-28 1953-07-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Multicathode gaseous discharge device
US2675504A (en) * 1950-03-31 1954-04-13 Ibm Gaseous discharge register
US2641725A (en) * 1950-06-30 1953-06-09 Int Standard Electric Corp Electronic discharge tube
US2723365A (en) * 1950-12-01 1955-11-08 Northrop Aircraft Inc Sectional read-out tube and circuit
US2740921A (en) * 1950-12-12 1956-04-03 Int Standard Electric Corp Electric discharge tubes and circuits therefor
US2685049A (en) * 1951-10-31 1954-07-27 Ibm Coincidence circuit
US3852639A (en) * 1972-06-17 1974-12-03 Philips Corp Visual display apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB666394A (en) 1952-02-13
NL78125C (xx)
FR957838A (xx) 1950-02-25
US2645680A (en) 1953-07-14
CH283214A (de) 1952-05-31
FR58460E (fr) 1953-11-30
NL78124C (xx)
GB665819A (en) 1952-01-30
CH275283A (de) 1951-05-15
BE479962A (xx)
BE479961A (xx)
FR58461E (fr) 1953-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2505006A (en) Gaseous discharge device
US2373134A (en) Signaling system
US2651718A (en) Switching device
US2384379A (en) Electrical impulse counting circuits
US2350888A (en) Selecting system
US2468462A (en) Telegraph transmitter control mechanism
US2303016A (en) Impulse counting circuit
US2458030A (en) Selective signaling apparatus and system
US2597428A (en) Checking means for pulse counting circuit
US2779822A (en) Communication switching system employing gas tubes
US2516915A (en) Gaseous discharge device
US2502443A (en) Universal electronic code sender
US2709771A (en) Pulse counting and registration system
US2853553A (en) Line scanner
US2348626A (en) Channel selecting circuit
US2291040A (en) Switching system
US2631194A (en) Telecommunication system
US2668931A (en) Electronic register for telephone switching systems
US2245160A (en) Telephone system
US2629021A (en) Coordinate switching and lock-out circuit in interpolated speech receiving system
US2235153A (en) Chain start circuit
US2714180A (en) Electronic counter
US2706222A (en) Transistor lockout circuit
US2576097A (en) Automatic telephone selective switching system
US2883467A (en) Communication switching system employing gas tubes