US2503743A - Nozzle skirt for blast guns - Google Patents

Nozzle skirt for blast guns Download PDF

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Publication number
US2503743A
US2503743A US1886A US188648A US2503743A US 2503743 A US2503743 A US 2503743A US 1886 A US1886 A US 1886A US 188648 A US188648 A US 188648A US 2503743 A US2503743 A US 2503743A
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United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
skirt
stream
bore
outlet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US1886A
Inventor
Walter L Keefer
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Pangborn Corp
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Pangborn Corp
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Priority to US1886A priority Critical patent/US2503743A/en
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Publication of US2503743A publication Critical patent/US2503743A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor

Definitions

  • This inventionl relates tor abrading equipment, and is more particularly concerned with guns fused to' project at high velocity a stream ofliquid and abrasive material, such as water and sand.
  • Guns of this type usually comprise a jet disposed in a chamber for delivering a stream oi liquid at high velocity into a nozzle, andV means vfor communicating the chamber with a source of abrasive material whereby both the liquid and the abrasive material are mixed together in the chamber and forced out through the nozzle.
  • V means vfor communicating the chamber with a source of abrasive material whereby both the liquid and the abrasive material are mixed together in the chamber and forced out through the nozzle.
  • One of the diiculties heretofore encountered is the ⁇ 4factvthat the mixture streaming from the nozzle outlet at high velocity has a tendency to expand and lose density thereby decreasing the eiciency of the gun and the accuracy with which the projecting stream may be utilized in various types of abrading work.
  • Fig. 1 is a section through the longitudinal axis of a blast gun of the type mentioned showing an embodiment of my invention disposed thereon.
  • Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of Fig. l.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1.
  • the embodiment illustrated comprises an elongated tubular 'member or skirt II, the front or discharge end I2 being an elongated conduit through which a stream I3 of liquid and abrasive material is projected.
  • the rear or nozzle end I4 is larger than the outlet end of -vthe nozzle I5 of the gun.
  • the inner Wall of the nozzle end I4 is provided with a group of inwardly projecting ns or ribs I6. These iins are secured to or integral with the nozzle end I 4, and their inner edges I7 comprise radially facing shoulders to t snugly about the outlet end of the nozzle I5.
  • 'eL-jety 26.-*d1spo'sedf-in' fa :chamber 21 projects at high velocity a stream of liquid under pressure, such as water 28, from a source (not shown) through the pipe 29 into the nozzle l5.
  • An abrasive, such as wet sand 30, is led into the chamber 21 through a pipe 3
  • the effect of the projection of the liquid from the jet 26 at high velocity is to create a partial vacuum in the chamber 21, which, in turn, draws the abrasive material into the chamber where it is mixed with the liquid and projected through the nozzle I5.
  • the stream I3 of mixed liquid and abrasive projecting from the nozzle expands and rapidly loses density.
  • the invention reverses this tendency.
  • the indrawn air passes through the bore 22 and is trapped between its wall and the stream I3 passing therethrough. Since the cross-sectional area of the bore decreases toward its tip but is always greater than the nozzle outlet, the trapped air becomes more and more compressed. The pressure created by this compression tends to maintain the liquid and abrasive stream in a concentrated state.
  • a skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun comprising a tubular member having one end adapted to be disposed over the outlet end of the nozzle in radially spaced relation, means for securing the skirt on the nozzle, the other end of the skirt being elongated and having a bore 'tapering gradually away from the nozzle end to a diameter greater than that of the nozzle outlet.
  • a skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun said skirt having a nozzle end and a discharge end, said nozzle end being adapted to be disposed oye'rithe outlet end of the nozzle in radially spacedrelation, means for securing the lskirt and nozzle insaid relation, the discharge end of the A'skirt being elongated and having a
  • a skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun ⁇ said skirt ⁇ having vra nozzle end ⁇ and a'V discharge end, saidnozzle'end being adapted to bje disposed over the-.nozzle llongitudinal ilns Withinthe nozzle "end, the Vinner edges thereof being adapted to ngage' the nozzle, means for securing ⁇ the skirt onth'e nozzle against relative 1 movement, the discharge'end-of the skirt being elongated and havingla b ore gradually tapering to the outlet thereof to'adiameter greater ⁇ than that of the nozzle outlet.
  • a high velocity blast gun nozzle in combination With a skirt having a nozzle end and a discharge end, said nozzle end being secured on the nozzle of the gun in radially spaced relation, the discharge end ofthe ⁇ skirt beingl elongated and ⁇ having a bore gradually tapering to the outlet 4 thereof to a diameter greater than that of the nozzle outlet.

Description

April 11, 1950 w. L. KEI-:FER
NOZZLE SKIRT FOR BLAST GUNS Filed Jan. 12, 1948 NN p w z w mw ww Patented Apr. ll, 1950 NOZZLE SKIRT FOR BLAST Walter L.' Kaefer, Hagerstown, Md., assignor' to Pangborn Corporation, Hagerstown, Md., afeorporation of MarylandA f Application Jaliiiary 12, i948,A serial No.' 1,88
' 7 claims. (01.51-11) 1- This inventionlrelates tor abrading equipment, and is more particularly concerned with guns fused to' project at high velocity a stream ofliquid and abrasive material, such as water and sand.
Guns of this type usually comprise a jet disposed in a chamber for delivering a stream oi liquid at high velocity into a nozzle, andV means vfor communicating the chamber with a source of abrasive material whereby both the liquid and the abrasive material are mixed together in the chamber and forced out through the nozzle. One of the diiculties heretofore encountered is the `4factvthat the mixture streaming from the nozzle outlet at high velocity has a tendency to expand and lose density thereby decreasing the eiciency of the gun and the accuracy with which the projecting stream may be utilized in various types of abrading work.
It is an object of the present invention to reverse this undesirable tendency and thereby to maintain the streaming mixture in a concentrated form'.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description considered together with the accompanying drawing, in which drawing:
Fig. 1 is a section through the longitudinal axis of a blast gun of the type mentioned showing an embodiment of my invention disposed thereon.
Fig. 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of Fig. l.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal section of a portion of the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1.
Referring with more particularity to the drawing in which like numerals designate like parts, the embodiment illustrated comprises an elongated tubular 'member or skirt II, the front or discharge end I2 being an elongated conduit through which a stream I3 of liquid and abrasive material is projected. The rear or nozzle end I4 is larger than the outlet end of -vthe nozzle I5 of the gun. The inner Wall of the nozzle end I4 is provided with a group of inwardly projecting ns or ribs I6. These iins are secured to or integral with the nozzle end I 4, and their inner edges I7 comprise radially facing shoulders to t snugly about the outlet end of the nozzle I5. Shoulders it are also provided within nozzle end I4 to engage'the nozzle tip I9 when the latter is properly inserted in the nozzle end I4, thereby making it easy to dispose the skirt on the nozzle in the proper relative position. The nozzle and skirt .are heldtogether in this relationship by means of a set screw disposed through the wall of the skirt to"releasably engage the nozzle I5,
'GUN'SQ n A .-,2- .11; substantially as shown. However, other ineens may be employed 'for-'securing these twomeinbers in position. AThe spaces between the fins I6 are open to' the surrounding atmosphere through openings 2 i? and they also 'cornmunic'zate withth'e bore 22 of the dischargeend i2'throughpen ings I The bore 22 has a' gradualltaper from its rear to its forward tip 24, Where the diameter is greater than that of the nozzle outlet 25. This isa very important featureof the? invention, as will be explained hereinafter-.i `In operation, 'eL-jety 26.-*d1spo'sedf-in' fa :chamber 21 projects at high velocity a stream of liquid under pressure, such as water 28, from a source (not shown) through the pipe 29 into the nozzle l5. An abrasive, such as wet sand 30, is led into the chamber 21 through a pipe 3|. The effect of the projection of the liquid from the jet 26 at high velocity is to create a partial vacuum in the chamber 21, which, in turn, draws the abrasive material into the chamber where it is mixed with the liquid and projected through the nozzle I5. Ordinarily, the stream I3 of mixed liquid and abrasive projecting from the nozzle expands and rapidly loses density. The invention reverses this tendency. As the stream I3 passes through the bore 22, it induces a flow oi air from the atmosphere through the channels between the fins I 6. The indrawn air passes through the bore 22 and is trapped between its wall and the stream I3 passing therethrough. Since the cross-sectional area of the bore decreases toward its tip but is always greater than the nozzle outlet, the trapped air becomes more and more compressed. The pressure created by this compression tends to maintain the liquid and abrasive stream in a concentrated state.
I claim:
l. A skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun comprising a tubular member having one end adapted to be disposed over the outlet end of the nozzle in radially spaced relation, means for securing the skirt on the nozzle, the other end of the skirt being elongated and having a bore 'tapering gradually away from the nozzle end to a diameter greater than that of the nozzle outlet.
2. A skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun, said skirt having a nozzle end and a discharge end, said nozzle end being adapted to be disposed oye'rithe outlet end of the nozzle in radially spacedrelation, means for securing the lskirt and nozzle insaid relation, the discharge end of the A'skirt being elongated and having a A skirt for the nozzle of a high velocity blast gun,`said skirt `having vra nozzle end `and a'V discharge end, saidnozzle'end being adapted to bje disposed over the-.nozzle llongitudinal ilns Withinthe nozzle "end, the Vinner edges thereof being adapted to ngage' the nozzle, means for securing` the skirt onth'e nozzle against relative 1 movement, the discharge'end-of the skirt being elongated and havingla b ore gradually tapering to the outlet thereof to'adiameter greater` than that of the nozzle outlet. k 5. A skirt as de ned'by claim 4 having shoulders within the nozzle end to abut the nozzle of .the gun when the nozzle and skirt are in a predetermined relative position.
6. A high velocity blast gun nozzle in combination With a skirt having a nozzle end and a discharge end, said nozzle end being secured on the nozzle of the gun in radially spaced relation, the discharge end ofthe `skirt beingl elongated and `having a bore gradually tapering to the outlet 4 thereof to a diameter greater than that of the nozzle outlet.
7. The combination of a blast gun nozzle for projecting at high Velocity a stream of liquid and abrasive material and a skirt therefor, said skirt having its inlet end disposed on the nozzle, the outlet end of the skirt having a bore gradually tapering to the outlet thereof to a diameter greater than that of the nozzle outlet, said inlet end having air admission passages therethrough communicating said bore freely with the ambient atmosphere, and providing for induction therethrough, by passage of the liquid stream through said bore, of atmospheric air to sheath the stream within the bore, the Walls of said tapering bore being positioned throughout their extent to be in spaced relation to the liquid stream as conned by the sheath of induced air squeezed down between said stream and bore.
WALTER L. KEEFER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le 0f this :patent:
l UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Germany Dec. 20, 1913
US1886A 1948-01-12 1948-01-12 Nozzle skirt for blast guns Expired - Lifetime US2503743A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2717476A (en) * 1953-07-27 1955-09-13 Sanstorm Mfg Company Wet jet nozzle unit for sandblasting
US2770924A (en) * 1954-04-01 1956-11-20 William H Mead Instant stop and start blasting device
US2965312A (en) * 1955-07-12 1960-12-20 Hale Loren Spray gun
US2978856A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-04-11 Deere & Co Mower with sandblast cutting means
US3012732A (en) * 1959-05-13 1961-12-12 James L Kempthorne Dust control
US3018799A (en) * 1958-02-20 1962-01-30 Willy B Volkmann Water surge arrester
US3055149A (en) * 1959-03-23 1962-09-25 Simpson Herbert Corp Sand blast gun
US3160989A (en) * 1961-04-27 1964-12-15 Ajem Lab Inc Transverse abrasive blast tube
US3173188A (en) * 1961-11-03 1965-03-16 Eastman Kodak Co Tobacco smoke filter formation
US3212217A (en) * 1963-05-28 1965-10-19 Tex Tube Inc Cleaning device
US3430823A (en) * 1968-02-23 1969-03-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Liquid dispensing system
US3799438A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-03-26 Baxter Laboratories Inc Dispensing and spraying apparatus and method
US4411389A (en) * 1980-12-02 1983-10-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatscappij, B. A. Filler gun suitable for cavity injection
US4555872A (en) * 1982-06-11 1985-12-03 Fluidyne Corporation High velocity particulate containing fluid jet process
US4674239A (en) * 1986-05-29 1987-06-23 Jodoin Pierre Paul Portable abrasive blasting gun assembly
US4922664A (en) * 1987-05-06 1990-05-08 Whitemetal Inc. Liquid sand blast nozzle and method of using same
US4995202A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-02-26 The Dow Chemical Company Nozzle unit and method for using wet abrasives to clean hard surfaces
US5335459A (en) * 1991-07-27 1994-08-09 Dale Brian D Nozzle for abrasive cleaning or cutting
US5779523A (en) * 1994-03-01 1998-07-14 Job Industies, Ltd. Apparatus for and method for accelerating fluidized particulate matter
NL1027172C2 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Hoek Loos Nv Spray pistol is for dry ice or grit, has feed connection (2) for dry ice or grit accommodated in a primary air flow, and a feed-out channel (3) connected to the feed connection with a spray mouthpiece (4)
DE10257241B4 (en) * 2001-01-23 2006-08-17 Pieper Innovationsgesellschaft Mbh Device, in particular workshop and / or Hobbysystem for processing, in particular vacuum suction of surfaces

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE268568C (en) *
USRE21275E (en) * 1939-11-21 Blast gun
US2230690A (en) * 1939-12-23 1941-02-04 Lanza Luigi Blast gun
US2440334A (en) * 1946-04-29 1948-04-27 Joseph M Gerlach Sandblasting nozzle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE268568C (en) *
USRE21275E (en) * 1939-11-21 Blast gun
US2230690A (en) * 1939-12-23 1941-02-04 Lanza Luigi Blast gun
US2440334A (en) * 1946-04-29 1948-04-27 Joseph M Gerlach Sandblasting nozzle

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2717476A (en) * 1953-07-27 1955-09-13 Sanstorm Mfg Company Wet jet nozzle unit for sandblasting
US2770924A (en) * 1954-04-01 1956-11-20 William H Mead Instant stop and start blasting device
US2965312A (en) * 1955-07-12 1960-12-20 Hale Loren Spray gun
US2978856A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-04-11 Deere & Co Mower with sandblast cutting means
US3018799A (en) * 1958-02-20 1962-01-30 Willy B Volkmann Water surge arrester
US3055149A (en) * 1959-03-23 1962-09-25 Simpson Herbert Corp Sand blast gun
US3012732A (en) * 1959-05-13 1961-12-12 James L Kempthorne Dust control
US3160989A (en) * 1961-04-27 1964-12-15 Ajem Lab Inc Transverse abrasive blast tube
US3173188A (en) * 1961-11-03 1965-03-16 Eastman Kodak Co Tobacco smoke filter formation
US3212217A (en) * 1963-05-28 1965-10-19 Tex Tube Inc Cleaning device
US3430823A (en) * 1968-02-23 1969-03-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Liquid dispensing system
US3799438A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-03-26 Baxter Laboratories Inc Dispensing and spraying apparatus and method
US4411389A (en) * 1980-12-02 1983-10-25 Shell Internationale Research Maatscappij, B. A. Filler gun suitable for cavity injection
US4555872A (en) * 1982-06-11 1985-12-03 Fluidyne Corporation High velocity particulate containing fluid jet process
US4674239A (en) * 1986-05-29 1987-06-23 Jodoin Pierre Paul Portable abrasive blasting gun assembly
US4922664A (en) * 1987-05-06 1990-05-08 Whitemetal Inc. Liquid sand blast nozzle and method of using same
US4995202A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-02-26 The Dow Chemical Company Nozzle unit and method for using wet abrasives to clean hard surfaces
US5335459A (en) * 1991-07-27 1994-08-09 Dale Brian D Nozzle for abrasive cleaning or cutting
US5779523A (en) * 1994-03-01 1998-07-14 Job Industies, Ltd. Apparatus for and method for accelerating fluidized particulate matter
DE10257241B4 (en) * 2001-01-23 2006-08-17 Pieper Innovationsgesellschaft Mbh Device, in particular workshop and / or Hobbysystem for processing, in particular vacuum suction of surfaces
NL1027172C2 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Hoek Loos Nv Spray pistol is for dry ice or grit, has feed connection (2) for dry ice or grit accommodated in a primary air flow, and a feed-out channel (3) connected to the feed connection with a spray mouthpiece (4)

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