US2489097A - Method for projecting streams - Google Patents

Method for projecting streams Download PDF

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Publication number
US2489097A
US2489097A US725250A US72525047A US2489097A US 2489097 A US2489097 A US 2489097A US 725250 A US725250 A US 725250A US 72525047 A US72525047 A US 72525047A US 2489097 A US2489097 A US 2489097A
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Prior art keywords
liquid
air
nozzle
jet
stream
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Expired - Lifetime
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US725250A
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Roy L Luce
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Hydro Blast Corp
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Hydro Blast Corp
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Priority to US725250A priority Critical patent/US2489097A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0084Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a mixture of liquid and gas

Definitions

  • This invention relates to method for projecting liquid streams and more particularly to the projection of liquid, which may or may not contain abrasive material in suspension, in the form of an unbroken high velocity jet.
  • Another object is to provide a method of pro jecting liquid streams in which the stream passed through an auxiliary nozzle prior to its final discharge and has air added thereto immediately prior to its entrance into the auxiliary nozzle.
  • Still another object is to provide a method of projecting abrasive material with liquid in which abrasive material is first added to the liquid air is subsequently entrained by the liquid prior to its discharge.
  • Figure l is a partial side elevation of a liq sandblasting apparatus for carrying out method of the invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged partial section of the discharge end of the apparatus
  • Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a liquid sandblast gun or the type more particularly described and claimed in the patent to Tirrell No. 2,200,587.
  • the apparatus comprises a liquid blast gun formed by an elongated housing or casing it having a ban i grip H at its forward end and an arm rest ii. at its rearward end.
  • Liquid such as water under high pressure is supplied to the gun through a hose I3 and flow of liquid may be controlled by a valve having a handle It. When the valve is open, liquid will flow at high velocity through the gun and through one or more internal nozzles carried by the housing it.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a liquid sandblast gun or the type more particularly described and claimed in the patent to Tirrell No. 2,200,587.
  • the apparatus comprises a liquid blast gun formed by an elongated housing or casing it having a ban i grip H at its forward end and an arm rest ii. at its rearward end.
  • Liquid such as water under high pressure is supplied to
  • two such nozzles are employed, one of which, indicated at E5, discharges a high velocity jet of water through a relatively enlarged space into the second nozzle to which is aligned with and of slightly larger diameter than the nozzle l5.
  • Abrasive material may be added to the liquid jet between the two nozzles through a supply connection I! which may be connected to a source of abrasive such as a flowable mixture of sand and water, as described more fully in the Tirrell patent. Passage. of the water jet through the space between the nozzle-s will create vacuum to draw the abrasive material into the jet to mix therewith.
  • air may be added to the liquid stream prior to entrainment of the abrasive material through a valve nipple it, :as described in the Tirrell patent.
  • any other desired type of liquid discharge apparatus such, for example, as that particularly described and claimed in the patent to Smith No. 2,040,715 could be employed equally well according to the invention and that addition of the abrasive material to the liquid stream could be omitted if desired.
  • this breaking up of the stream or jet is minimized and delayed by the addition of air to the jet shortly before its final discharge.
  • the addition of air at this point is highly effective even though air has previously been added to the jet through the valved nipple It, as described in the Tirrell patent.
  • an auxiliary nozzle indicated generally at It is attached to the discharge end of the nozzle to in alignment therewith and provides for the addition of air to the stream or jet between the two nozzles.
  • the nozzle 5 is formed by an outer sleeve 2! which may be threaded onto the end of the nozzle structure it and which carries an internal nozzle The nozzle is aligned with the nozzle l6 and has a slightly larger bore than the nozzle [6 to receive the jet of liquid therefrom.
  • a spacer ring 23 is mounted between the ends of the nozzles 22 and it to hold them properly spaced apart and is of larger diameter than the bores in the nozzles.
  • the ring 23 is formed with a series of air inlet openings 24 and is under-cut on its exterior surface to provide an annular space communicating with atmosphere through openings 25 in the sleeve 2
  • the nozzle 22 be slightly larger than the nozzle It to accommodate the increased volume due to the addition of air, but that it be not too large or air will tend to flow into the nozzle counter to the liquid stream to assist in satisfying the partial vacuum produced in the sleeve 23.
  • the nozzle 24 should, therefore, be of a size such that it will maintain the jet confined without tending to compress it.
  • the method of projecting abrasive material with liquid which comprises projecting the liquid in a flowing stream, adding abrasive to the stream to mix therewith, thereafter adding air to the stream at its periphery, and maintaining the stream and added air confined for a limited distance after the addition of air to the stream.
  • the method of projecting abrasive material with liquid which comprises projecting the liquid in a flowing stream, adding abrasive to the stream to mix therewith, projecting the stream through an enlarged space containing air at substantially atmospheric pressure so that the stream will entrain air from the space, and confining the stream and entrained air for a limited distance posterior to said space.
  • the method of projecting liquid in a substantially unbroken jet which comprises projecting the liquid in a high velocity jet, adding air to the periphery of the jet adjacent to its point of projection, and maintaining the jet and added air confined for a limited distance after the addition of air to the jet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

1949 R. L. LUCE 2,489,097
METHOD FOR PROJECTING STREAMS Filed Jan. 30, 1947 AJI'I/ f9 JzZ/yeazz J? m,
Patented Nov. 22 1949 FQR PRQJECTING STREAMS Roy L. Luce, Chicago, Ill
Blast Corporation, of Illinois assignor to Hydro- Chicago, lit, a corporation Application January 30, 194 7, Serial No. 725,250
(Cl. l--282) 3 Claims.
This invention relates to method for projecting liquid streams and more particularly to the projection of liquid, which may or may not contain abrasive material in suspension, in the form of an unbroken high velocity jet.
In many operations, as in liquid sandblasting hydraulic mining, and the like, it is desirab project streams of liquid through substanti l o tances without having the jets break-up droplets or spray. With a plain nozzle, it 1' been found that the liquid jet tends to breakup or fuzz into a series of disconnected droplets or into a relatively fine spray within a short dis tance of the nozzle. A broken jet of this type i far less effective in liquid blasting or other hydraulic cutting operations than an unbroken stream.
It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a method of projecting liquid strean in which air is added to the stream to be entrained thereby shortly before the final discharge of the stream.
Another object is to provide a method of pro jecting liquid streams in which the stream passed through an auxiliary nozzle prior to its final discharge and has air added thereto immediately prior to its entrance into the auxiliary nozzle.
Still another object is to provide a method of projecting abrasive material with liquid in which abrasive material is first added to the liquid air is subsequently entrained by the liquid prior to its discharge.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in whicl Figure l is a partial side elevation of a liq sandblasting apparatus for carrying out method of the invention;
Figure 2 is an enlarged partial section of the discharge end of the apparatus, and
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
Fig. 1 illustrates a liquid sandblast gun or the type more particularly described and claimed in the patent to Tirrell No. 2,200,587. As shown, the apparatus comprises a liquid blast gun formed by an elongated housing or casing it having a ban i grip H at its forward end and an arm rest ii. at its rearward end. Liquid such as water under high pressure is supplied to the gun through a hose I3 and flow of liquid may be controlled by a valve having a handle It. When the valve is open, liquid will flow at high velocity through the gun and through one or more internal nozzles carried by the housing it. As seen in Fig. 2, two such nozzles are employed, one of which, indicated at E5, discharges a high velocity jet of water through a relatively enlarged space into the second nozzle to which is aligned with and of slightly larger diameter than the nozzle l5. Abrasive material may be added to the liquid jet between the two nozzles through a supply connection I! which may be connected to a source of abrasive such as a flowable mixture of sand and water, as described more fully in the Tirrell patent. Passage. of the water jet through the space between the nozzle-s will create vacuum to draw the abrasive material into the jet to mix therewith. If desired, air may be added to the liquid stream prior to entrainment of the abrasive material through a valve nipple it, :as described in the Tirrell patent. It will be understood that any other desired type of liquid discharge apparatus such, for example, as that particularly described and claimed in the patent to Smith No. 2,040,715 could be employed equally well according to the invention and that addition of the abrasive material to the liquid stream could be omitted if desired.
According to the present invention, I have found that the stream or jet of liquid either with or without abrasive material suspended therein which is discharged by the nozzle it tends to break-up within a relatively short distance of the nozzle so that it cannot be used eifectively for cleaning or cutting purposes except at relatively short ranges. According to the present invention, this breaking up of the stream or jet is minimized and delayed by the addition of air to the jet shortly before its final discharge. I have found that the addition of air at this point is highly effective even though air has previously been added to the jet through the valved nipple It, as described in the Tirrell patent.
As shown, an auxiliary nozzle indicated generally at It is attached to the discharge end of the nozzle to in alignment therewith and provides for the addition of air to the stream or jet between the two nozzles. As best seen in Fig. 2, the nozzle 5 is formed by an outer sleeve 2! which may be threaded onto the end of the nozzle structure it and which carries an internal nozzle The nozzle is aligned with the nozzle l6 and has a slightly larger bore than the nozzle [6 to receive the jet of liquid therefrom. A spacer ring 23 is mounted between the ends of the nozzles 22 and it to hold them properly spaced apart and is of larger diameter than the bores in the nozzles. To provide for the addition of air to the stream, the ring 23 is formed with a series of air inlet openings 24 and is under-cut on its exterior surface to provide an annular space communicating with atmosphere through openings 25 in the sleeve 2|, With this construction, the nozzle 22, which may be subjected to a certain amount of wear, may easily be removed and replaced as required.
In operation, as the liquid jet passes from the nozzle I6 through the sleeve 23 into the nozzle 22, it will create a partial vacuum in the sleeve 23 to draw air in through the openings 24 and 25. This air will be entrained by the liquid jet and will be mixed therewith in the travel of the jet through the nozzle 22 so that the stream as finally discharged comprises a mixture of liquid and air with the possible addition of abrasive material. While the exact reasons are not entirely clear, it has been found by actual experiment that this stream will stay together in the form of an unbroken jet and will not fuzz or produce spray for a much longer distance then jet produced without employing the present invention. The efiects are equally noticeable even though air has previously been added to the liquid through the valved nipple 18 so that an effective jet can be thrown for a much longer distance with the present invention than with ones of the type shown in the Smith and Tirrell patents or with a plain liquid nozzle.
It has further been found that the addition of an excessive quantity of air between the nozzles l6 and 22 will cause the stream to break-up into a spray very rapidly. This action occurs, for example, when air is supplied through the openings 24 under a super atmospheric pressure. Experiments have indicated that supply of the air under atmospheric pressure in substantially unrestricted quantities produces optimum ressults. The size and number of the air inlet openings 24 and 25 may be controlled by design to insure the introduction of the proper quantity of air into the liquid stream. It is also important that the nozzle 22 be slightly larger than the nozzle It to accommodate the increased volume due to the addition of air, but that it be not too large or air will tend to flow into the nozzle counter to the liquid stream to assist in satisfying the partial vacuum produced in the sleeve 23. The nozzle 24 should, therefore, be of a size such that it will maintain the jet confined without tending to compress it.
While one apparatus to carry out the method of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be understood that this is not intended as a definition of the scope of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. The method of projecting abrasive material with liquid which comprises projecting the liquid in a flowing stream, adding abrasive to the stream to mix therewith, thereafter adding air to the stream at its periphery, and maintaining the stream and added air confined for a limited distance after the addition of air to the stream.
2. The method of projecting abrasive material with liquid which comprises projecting the liquid in a flowing stream, adding abrasive to the stream to mix therewith, projecting the stream through an enlarged space containing air at substantially atmospheric pressure so that the stream will entrain air from the space, and confining the stream and entrained air for a limited distance posterior to said space.
3. The method of projecting liquid in a substantially unbroken jet which comprises projecting the liquid in a high velocity jet, adding air to the periphery of the jet adjacent to its point of projection, and maintaining the jet and added air confined for a limited distance after the addition of air to the jet.
ROY L. LUCE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the
US725250A 1947-01-30 1947-01-30 Method for projecting streams Expired - Lifetime US2489097A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2658312A (en) * 1951-01-26 1953-11-10 Leslie W Smith Spray gun nozzle for spraying buffing compounds
US2717476A (en) * 1953-07-27 1955-09-13 Sanstorm Mfg Company Wet jet nozzle unit for sandblasting
US3055149A (en) * 1959-03-23 1962-09-25 Simpson Herbert Corp Sand blast gun
US3212378A (en) * 1962-10-26 1965-10-19 Union Carbide Corp Process for cutting and working solid materials
US3427763A (en) * 1966-07-18 1969-02-18 Woma Maasberg Co Gmbh W Method of treating solid surfaces
US3646709A (en) * 1970-12-17 1972-03-07 Matthew P Nolan Wet sandblast gun
US3690067A (en) * 1971-01-25 1972-09-12 American Aero Eng Co Blast cleaning system
US3762645A (en) * 1972-01-05 1973-10-02 L Gendron Wall breaching attachment for fire hose
FR2438504A1 (en) * 1978-10-10 1980-05-09 Midland Ross Corp APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING A CONTINUOUS METAL STRIP
US4270317A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-06-02 Midland-Ross Corporation Apparatus used in the treatment of a continuous strip of metal and method of use thereof
US4995202A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-02-26 The Dow Chemical Company Nozzle unit and method for using wet abrasives to clean hard surfaces

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US821415A (en) * 1904-02-10 1906-05-22 Charles Augustus Plato Hess Sand-blast machine.
US2040715A (en) * 1935-06-10 1936-05-12 Elmo V Smith Liquid blasting
US2200587A (en) * 1937-02-25 1940-05-14 Hydroblast Corp Method and apparatus for sand blasting
US2230690A (en) * 1939-12-23 1941-02-04 Lanza Luigi Blast gun

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US821415A (en) * 1904-02-10 1906-05-22 Charles Augustus Plato Hess Sand-blast machine.
US2040715A (en) * 1935-06-10 1936-05-12 Elmo V Smith Liquid blasting
US2200587A (en) * 1937-02-25 1940-05-14 Hydroblast Corp Method and apparatus for sand blasting
US2230690A (en) * 1939-12-23 1941-02-04 Lanza Luigi Blast gun

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2658312A (en) * 1951-01-26 1953-11-10 Leslie W Smith Spray gun nozzle for spraying buffing compounds
US2717476A (en) * 1953-07-27 1955-09-13 Sanstorm Mfg Company Wet jet nozzle unit for sandblasting
US3055149A (en) * 1959-03-23 1962-09-25 Simpson Herbert Corp Sand blast gun
US3212378A (en) * 1962-10-26 1965-10-19 Union Carbide Corp Process for cutting and working solid materials
US3427763A (en) * 1966-07-18 1969-02-18 Woma Maasberg Co Gmbh W Method of treating solid surfaces
US3646709A (en) * 1970-12-17 1972-03-07 Matthew P Nolan Wet sandblast gun
US3690067A (en) * 1971-01-25 1972-09-12 American Aero Eng Co Blast cleaning system
US3762645A (en) * 1972-01-05 1973-10-02 L Gendron Wall breaching attachment for fire hose
FR2438504A1 (en) * 1978-10-10 1980-05-09 Midland Ross Corp APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING A CONTINUOUS METAL STRIP
US4270317A (en) * 1978-10-10 1981-06-02 Midland-Ross Corporation Apparatus used in the treatment of a continuous strip of metal and method of use thereof
US4995202A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-02-26 The Dow Chemical Company Nozzle unit and method for using wet abrasives to clean hard surfaces

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