US2496027A - Portable tool with swivel head - Google Patents

Description

Jam., .EL H95@ M TRAPET PORTABLE TOOL WITH SWIVEL HEAD Filed 001;. 23, 1944 Patented Jan. 31', 1950L UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,496,027 PRTBLE '"r'. Wri SWIVEL HEAD Maurice Traiiet, Los Angeles, Calif. Abisieatio neither 23, 1944, serial No. 559,959

This invention relates te impioverheiits iii portable too-ls, and has for its principal object the provision of a basic hand tool structured exs tremeiy simple design Matted tn contioi the now of air, gas, iluids, ooinpoiiiids, 'or the likevvliile unf der pressure, frin a s'ourcebi supply to wand through the operating head er the device, `which may be adapted for use as an air bloiver, a rotor, a vibrating tool, a dispensing nozzle, or any other purpose to which the principles involved may be applicable.

A further importantobiect of the' invention is to supply a device f trie above character having a dispensing or operating head which canm be swung at an angle to tli'e" long`itudina1 aiiis ofits handle portion without loosening or d taniiig any of the parts or otherwise necessitating sube stantial time-consuming effort, so that the Work'-v ing portion thereof inay lie' directed at locations heretofore considered inaccessibleto devices' f the saine general character, resulting in greater convenience; substantial Saving' of;v operating time, and niore" satisfactory and eicint per= orrnaice in eiiecd rig vvok operations, also considerably eipe'd'itirig' production in siicli se's as involve manufacturing or" construction.

A. stili further ebjetgof trie iii-vennen is tu previdepeitabieiiitie ien foci adaptable g eiefenjts such as air,

for dispensing or onli gases, iiu'ids, compounds; i the' like Linder pressure, as,` for eiiainplfe', use f sfuc'h criiir'ssed elements for :lema-ting filtrati f or' irritating mechanisms contai `ed` in the to'ls Working p'oL non or head, in which the' working or exhaust portion is Conveniently! ihvable at to its' base for the narcose f reaching" coude-aiesor out-of-the-Wa'y placs, f foi" multiple operations" heretofore iediiigf the lise'- o'f tufo" or n separate toolsy or @para e working Heads inter# changeable iii oilectiii with a ciiinoi handle or base.

Another and stili furthersbjt of the iii-l vention is` to provide;` a-iii-iefiiiiatic di hydiiilic type of portable tool Having# ai pivoting disps' or working headirideiiei for locating cert operating positions;y an impivedi and e'iltre ely simple and novel valve'l meolianisin' which effec'-A tively controls the flow df the actuating elen'erit thereof, and at the Sametime automatically locks the toolsindexing mechanism inany given vvr-li-I ing position While an'A actuating elenient is flowing through the device, whereby ay rigidy-onesl-ii-fti-ngi. non-rattling relationship is' inaint'aineda between the niajor componentv parts" of the clevi`c'e,A thus guardia-g against; damage to the tool and possible circular socket or 2 injury to the" operator, and rendering the device fooleproof.

Other and further objects of the invention will be apparent from the disclosure in the accom pani/ing drawing and following' specication.

The invention, in a preferred form, is illustrated in the drawing and hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section through an aire-hammer embodying the invention, showing its pivotally inounted head in one of several possible operating positions, and indicat` ing another of its operating positions in broken lines.

Figure 2 is a sectional View through the operat-` ing head of the device, taken on the line 242 of Fig. 1.

Figiie 3` is" a transverse sectional view through the main body or handle portion of the device, tali'enalong the line 3`3 of Fig. 1.

Figure l is another transverse sectional view through the main body or handle portion of the device, taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1.

Figure 5 is still another transverse sectional view through the handle portion of the device, taken along the line #"5 of Fig. 1.

As shown in the drawing.

The elongated main body portion of the tool is in the general shape of a handle il) provided at its forwardend with an integral extension il frefe'rablyV inch-ning 45 degrees, which eXtension is transversely boredV through at right angles to its" own longitudinal plane to form a cone-shaped bearing l2 tapering uniformly downward and ending in a reduced lower orii'ce i3.

An operating head M is removably and rotatably' mounted? at the Working end of the handle Hll by means' of theihads integral rounded taper! ing'` shank |53 which is of a shape correspond-lng to" the inner contour' of the socket I2 and is tted therein so" as to render the head i4 freely rot-fao able; A reduced circular concentric projection oi boss i6" integral with the shank i5 is exposed exteriorly of the orifice i3 and is iitted with a retaining ring or siniilar stop element i7 con-l nected to the" boss t6' by means of" a` laterally disposed pin i8 extending through both the elements i6 and Vl, thus securing the head M to the base ill".Y An element lil to" provide the desired' tensioni.

rotatable suitable form of Contact element or discharge expansion Washerf or similar spring-like i9 iS interposed between the l'ts i l ML adapted to carry mechanism, such as, for example, the compressed air actuated hammer assembly illustrated in Fig. 1, which comprises a piston-like hammer element 2i) operably mounted for longitudinally slidable movement within its cylindrical housing 2 l, which is preferably set obliquely into the head it by threadable insertion into a correspondingly directed bore 22 having a relatively wide centrally disposed annular air-chamber 23 the surrounding sidewall of which is spaced away from the element 2| so as to form an air-jacket about the latter.

A reduced annular concentric depression or socket 24 at the bottom of said bore is adapted to form a seat for the lower end of the tubular element 2i for the purpose of its rigid alignment and also to form an air-tight seal or cap for the cylinders lower end at this point.

The piston 29 is preferably of the shape best illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, wherein its narrow work-contacting end is adapted to snugly extend in slidable relationship through the relatively narrow exterior orifice 25 formed centrally of the cylinders exposed portion 26.

The interior of the cylinder 2l is formed with a narrow upper chamber or bore 21, the annular sidewall of which is peripherally drilled at a point exteriorly of the head i4 to provide laterally di rected exhaust of discharge ports 28 leading from the interior of the cylinder' 2E to the outer atmosphere through an annular tapering deflecting vent 9 formed by a suitably flanged ring 33 threadably mounted upon the outwardly projecting portion 2t of the cylinder at a point between the lateral discharge ports 28 and the head i4, for the purpose of directing any air or the like expelled from the device in the desired direction so that the expelled element may be utilized for blowing away dust, dirt, chips, or the like which may accumulate during a working operation, or for other practical purposes.

The lower bore 3l of the cylinders interior is substantially wider than the upper bore 21, and its sidewall area is also peripherally drilled adjacent its upper terminus to provide laterally directed entry ports 32 leading from the annular air passage 23 to the interior of the cylinder 2l for the introduction of compressed air or other actuating elements adapted to flow through the cylinder and its contained piston 2) so as to cause the desired vibrating motion of the latter as hereinafter described.

The body of the piston 2? is preferably formed with a series of suitably spaced relatively wide annular cylinder-contacting surfaces 33, 3d, 35, and an intermediate neck portion 35 of substantially reduced diameter which is laterally drilled to provide air passages 31 leading from the surrounding annular chamber-like area within the cylinder 2i, to a longitudinally disposed central bore 38 communicating with the interior of the cylinder at a point directly below or behind the piston 25, where an air chamber 3S is formed whenever the piston 2D is in suspended position.

The handle lil is accordingly adapted for conducting compressed air or some other pressure element from a source of supply to the interior of the operating head i4, and is therefore provided with a hose connection or the like El attachable to a supply nozzle (not shown). A series of com municating passages 4i, 42, 43, 44, 45, 45, 41, .18 forni a continuous conducting line through the interior of the handle H) and through certain of the handles contained parts, such line extending from the open connection 40 to the forward feeder channel 49.

The feeder channel 49 is adapted to feed the compressed air or other pressure element into the operating head lil while the latter is in any predetermined operating position, such as either of the two positions indicated in Figure 1. For this purpose a two-way connecting passage 50 is laterally drilled through the heads shank I5, one of the oppositely disposed end openings of which passage comes into registration with the air feed channel t9 whenever the head I4 is turned to one of the said operating positions A centrally disposed longitudinally directed air passage 5I leads from the twoeway air passage 50 into the annular jacket 23. It will be apparent that while one orifice of the lateral passage 50 is in communication with the feeder channel 49 its opposite orice will be blocked by the adjacent inner surface of the socket i2, as best shown in Fig. 1.

The twin parallel channels 45, 41 of the aforesaid air-circulating system are pos-itioned within the oppositely disposed side portions of a removable insert or guide element 52, the forward end 53 of which is provided with a transverse slot 54 in which a trigger-.cam 55 is suitably positioned so as to be rotatable upon a pin 56. Air-tight connections between certain of the removable elements within the handle l0 are assured by the interpositioning of suitably shaped gaskets or the like 51, 58.

The iiow control mechanism contained within the handle it! preferably includes a manually operated ball-shaped check valve 59 centrally disposed within the passage 43 and normally held in closed position against the annular seat 6i] by a small coil spring 6|, the seat 60 being spaced away from the adjacent elements 52, 5S so as to form the air-deflecting passage 45 leading from the passage 44 to the twin parallel channels 4B, d1, from which channels the air is directed into the feed channel 49 via the V-shaped passage 48, which is best illustrated in Figures 1 and 4.

The elongated guide element 52 is removably positioned forward of the connection 4U and is prevented from rotating within the handle IU by a vertically disposed pin or plug 52 co-operating with the adjacent slot 63 of the member 52. The guide element 52 has a central longitudinal bore E4 within which is slidably positioned a plunger or the like E5 adapted to Contact one end of a coil spring 6G abutting a stop element 61, the spring 66 being adapted to normally hold the plungers forward projecting end 68 in contact with the adjacent trigger-cams arcuate edge 69.

The plunger has an integral rearwardly directed longitudinal extension or stem 1li of reduced diameter extending centrally through the spring 65 and stop element 61 as well as through Athe annular guide ring or plug 1l which serves as an air pressure seal to prevent escape of the air or other actuating element flowing through the chamber 45 while being diverted from the incoming passage 44 to the twin parallel channels 46, 41.

The stem 15 projects rearwardly through the passage 45 and into the valve seats central orice 44, where its terminus is in close proximity to the seated ball 53 so as to be in position to instantly dislodge the latter upon slightest rearward movement of the plunger 85.

The bottom of the trigger-cam 55 has an integral downwardly extending projection 12 depending into an adjacent handle slot 13, at which point it engages the upper surface of a button element or similar manual control 14 which is pivoted at 15, partially recessed Within the slot 13, and restricted in its outward movement by a rearwardly 5 disposed extension 1.6 adapted to contact a stop shoulder il integral with the body lll. It will be seen that pressure upon the button 14 will cause the rising arcuate cam edge 69 to bear against the adjacent terminus 6B of the plunger `(i5 and result in unseating of the ball valve 59.

A snap-in system of indexing is provided for the purpose of automatically interrupting rotation of the swivel head i4 at certain predetermined working positions to bring about a pereotly aligned operating relationship between the head Hi and the handle It without necessitating any extra examination and adjustment, regardless of the particular working angle of the heads contained apparatus in relation to the handle IIJ.

This indexing system consists of a plurality oi spaced notches or depressions 18, '19, positioned along the periphery of the shank l5, which notches are adapted to be entered or engaged by the tapering end 80 of a slidable spring-pressed Y.

pin 8l positioned within a longitudinal bore 82 located in the forward end of the handle it, the path of travel of said pin 8i being restricted by means of its longitudinal slot 83 which is movable over and adapted to co-operate with a stationary laterally disposed stop pin 84.

A coil spring 85 for actuating the longitudinally slidable indexing pin 3l is slida'oly positioned between the latter and a second elongated pin element 36 of similar diameter and similarly slidable within the bore 82, the element 5t extending rearwardly and having one end 8l projecting into the cam-containing compartment or slot 54, the adjacent pivotally mounted trigger-cam 55 having a forwardly directed upper protuberance 88 held in constant spring-pressed contact with the pin end 3l by reason of the blocking or bracing contact between the button 'ld and the cams lower projection l2, while the expansion spring' 85 constantly urges the other pin element 3| forward but nevertheless readily yieldable to any bacl pr'essure created against its projecting forward end Si! as said point rides smoothly and easily out of the notches '13 and I9 when the operator turns the head l from one indexed position to another, as between operating periods.

However, it will be apparent that when the tool is properly indexed and fully operative in either working position and supplied with compressed air or other actuating force for its work contact means, slight pressure against the exposed outer edge 89 of the control button 'M will rotate the trigger-cam 55, and such action will at one and the same time cause the cams arcuate edge 5S to bear against the projecting end 68 of the plunger 55 to instantly open the Valve 59 and will also simultaneously cause the triggereams forward projection 88 to bear against and throw the adjacent pin element 3G forward to tightly compress the spring 85 against the indexing pin Eil, resulting in temporary locked engagement of the latters tapering point 8D within one of the notches 'I8 or 'i9 and thereby maintaining a positive and rigid alignment of the major parts lll and hl during the entire time the device is in operation, preventing vibration or jarring therebetween which might otherwise cause accidental rotation of the head lll and consequent damage to the device and possible injury to the operator. By centralizing both of the aforesaid movements under the one simple, convenient, and easily manipulated control element ill, the device attains a safe and fool-proof character, since there is no occasion for the operator to overlook troublesome preliminary details of a kind` the neglect of which 6 under certain conditions might result disastrously to tool or operator, or both.

It will be obvious that upon introduction of compressed air into the head i4 by Way of the system of air passages hereinbefore described, a rapid vibration of the piston 2t longitudinally of its containing cylinder 2l will ensue as air pressure is alternately built up in the air spaces respectively located anteriorly and posteriorly of the pistons widest terminus S5 by the following process: Assuming the starting position of the piston 26 to be as illustrated in Fig. 1 when the valve 59 is opened, compressed air entering the device will course through the continuous system of channels 4i, t2, 43, 4t, 45, i6- 47, 48, 491, 5U, 5l, 23, 32 and into the cylinders inner annular space surrounding the pistons enlargement 34, where inward or reverse pressure against the adjacent shoulder of the pistons enlargement 35 will force the piston to recoil until the enlargee ment 311i is no longer in contact with the upper cylinder wall. This brings the air space surrounding the pistons neck 35 into communication with the inrushing air below the cylinders dividing shoulder 9b, breaking the reverse pressure as the air begins to flow interiorly of the piston by way of the pistons ports Si and rushes downward through the longitudinal central bore 38 toward and into the posterior pressure chamber 39, thus building up pressure behind the pistons enlargement 35 to force the piston outward. During' the pistons outward stroke its enlargement 3!! again ree-establishes contact with the upper cylinder wall, blocking the ow of air inwardly through i the lateral ports 3l, and the neck 36 reaches the planev of the discharge openings 28, breaking the pressure behind the piston 20 as compressed air is discharged into the surrounding atmosphere through the vent 29, whereupon repetition of the cycle is begun by rearward pressure of the inrushing air extericrly of the piston as hereinbeiore described.

When an opera-tion has been concluded, the operator simply withdraws pressure from the control button is, causing the tools variouscontained springs to` exert the required back pressure to close the intake valve 59 and render the index ing pin S i yieldable, thus instantly and automatically releasing the head Hl for rotation, interchange oi tool elements, or other safe and convenient manipulation.

Ii' the head i4 is provided with additional spaced notches similar to the notches 37 and 38 at any desired points intermediate of the latter, the working headl may be indexed in a number of other angular working positions within the range hereinabove described. Furthermore, the angle at which the tool or other contact element is set in the rotatable head it' could be modified so as to arrange for presentation of the working tool at different angles thanV the range. herein illustrated, which showing includes only the two positions most generally used in operations of the character herein discussed.

ft will also be understood that the device herein illustrated is merely a representative examplar for a large variety of pneumatic, hydraulic, and other forms oi device in which the same principles could he readily employed, and it will furthermore he evident. that `certain ofr the novel features of the present disclosure could be deleted without detracting in any way from the novel character of the remaining structure, especially in devices wherein 'the deleted matter would be wholly unnecessary for satisfactory operation of the device for any given purpose or by reason of the use of an actuating force other than that herein disclosed. For example, where electric current is the means of operating the device, the novel valve and channel means need not be incorporated, yet the novel combination including the locking means for the indexing system would still be present and equally advantageous, and the single manually operated control button could be used for making and breaking an electric circuit with but a very slight and perfectly obvious modiiication of the handle portion of the device to substitute for the valve-control mechanism of the present showing. It will be just as evident that the pivot means for mounting the swivel head of the device could be a ball-and-socket joint or other acceptable expedient in substitution for the novel joint herein illustrated, the dual-purpose single control system being usable with practically any form of swivel joint employed in mounting h the rotatable operating head.

. I claim as my invention:

1. In a portable hand tool, the combination of an elongated base, an air channel traversing the interior of the base, an intake for said air channel, aswivel head connected to one end of the base, a pneumatic tool actuating mechanism positioned in said head, said mechanism including an air exhaust oriiice, deflector means surrounding said orice for directing iiow oi the exhaust air on a course in the direction of the working movement of said actuating mechanism, and channel means in said head communicating with said actuating mechanism and with the air channel located in the base.

2. In a portable hand tool, the combination of an elongated base, an air channel traversing the interior of the base, an intake for said air channel, a swivel head connected to one end of the base,

' a pneumatic tool actuating mechanism positioned in said head, channel means in said head communicating with said actuating mechanism and with the air channel located in the base, an indexing mechanism for interrupting rotation of the head at predetermined working positions, Valve means in the base for controlling the ow of air through said air channels, means for locking said indexing mechanism in indexed position while the valve remains in open position, and a single unitary control element for manually actuating both the valve and the said locking means simultaneously, and for simultaneously closing the valve and unlocking the indexing mechanism.

3. In a portable hand tool, the combination of an elongated handle having an inclined integral rigid forward extension, an air channel traversing the interior of the handle, an intake for said air channel, a swivel head connected to said extension and rotatable on an axis at right angles to the longitudinal plane of said extension, a pneumatic tool actuating mechanism obliquely positioned in said head, channel means in said head communicating with the tool actuating mechanism and with the air channel located in the handle, and an indexing mechanism between the handle and the head for interrupting rotation of the head in any predetermined working position.

4. In a portable hand tool, the combination of an elongated handle having an inclined integral rigid iorward extension, an air channel traversing the interior of the handle, an intake for said air channel, a head connected to said extension and rotatable on an axis at right angles to the longitudinal plane of said extension, a pneumatic tool actuating mechanism obliquely positioned in said head, channel means in said head communicating with the tool actuating mechanism and with the air channel located in the handle, and an indexing mechanism between the handle and the head for interrupting rotation of the head in any predetermined working position and securely maintaining a rigid unitary relationship between the handle and the head while the tool is operative in said position.

5. In a portable tool assembly, the combination of an elongated handle, a pneumatic tool carrying head rotatably mounted at the Working end of said handle, the mounting of said tool in said head being such that rotation of said head will direct said tool into a plurality of angular working positions in respect to said handle, an air supply system for said tool, a valve for controlling iiow through said air supply system, and integral means for instantaneously and automatically establishing a locking connection between said handle and said tool carrying head upon opening said valve and automatically maintaining said locking connection throughout the period of flow through said valve to prevent rotation of said head while said tool is in operation, said locking means being adapted for automatic and instantaneous disengagement to free said head for further rotation upon closing o said air supply valve.

6. In a portable power tool assembly, the combination of an elongated handle, a power-driven tool carrying head rotatably mounted at the working end of said handle, the mounting of said tool in said head being such that rotation of said head will direct said tool into a plurality of angular working positions in respect to said handle, a power supply system ior said tool, means for controlling flow of power through said supply system, and integral means for establishing a locking connection between said handle and said tool carrying head to prevent rotation of the latter While said tool assembly is in operation, said locking connection being automatically set upon starting of power flow to said tool and being automatically releasable for instant freeing of said head for further rotatable motion upon cessation of said power ilow.

7. In a portable power tool assembly, the combination of an elongated handle, a swivel head connected to one end of the handle, a poweractuated tool positioned in said head, an indexing mechanism for interrupting rotation of the head at predetermined working positions, means for controlling the power flow to said tool, means for locking said indexing mechanism in indexed position during the flow of power to said tool, and a single unitary control element for manually actuating both the power flow control means and the said locking means simultaneously, and for simultaneously checking the power flow and unlocking the indexing mechanism.

8. In a portable hand tool, the combination of a handle having an integral rigid forward extension, said extension having an inclined face, a uid conducting channel carried by the handle, an intake for said fluid conducting channel, a swivel head connected to said inclined face and rotatable on an axis at right angles to the plane of said inclined face, a fluid actuated tool mechanism obliquely positioned in said head, channel means in said head communicating with the tool actuating mechanism and with the iiuid conducting channel carried by the handle, and an indexing mechanism between the handle and the head for interrupting rotation of the head in any predetermined working position.

9. A portable hand tool comprising in combination: a handle element, a swivel head rotatably mounted at one end of said handle element, a huid-actuated mechanism adapted for holding and operating a tool element xedly connected to and projecting outward from said swivel head, the said tool operating mechanism being so positioned on said swivel head that swiveling of said head will cause the tool held thereby to swing arcuately along a predetermined course in which said tool is capable of becoming disposed in a plurality of working positions by projecting in various angular directions in respect to the longitudinal axis of said handle element, indexing means for automatically interrupting rotation oi said head when said tool has reached a desired working position along said course, said handle element carrying a uid conducting channel having an inlet orifice adapted to be connected to a pressure fluid supply and an outlet orifice in juxtaposition with said swivel head and adapted to discharge into said head the fluid conducted through said channel, and additional channel means in said head Aadapted for receiving the fluid discharged from said outlet orifice and conducting said iiuid into said tool operating mechanism while said tool is disposed in any of its predetermined working positions.

10. A portable hand tool comprising in combination: a handle element, a swivel head rotatably mounted at one end of said handle element, a Huid-actuated mechanism adapted for holding and operating a tool element iixedly connected to and projecting outward from said swivel head, the said tool operating mechanism being so positioned on said swivel head that swiveling of said head will cause the tool held thereby to swing arcuately along a predetermined course in which said tool is capable of becoming disposed in a plurality of working positions by projecting in various angular directions in respect to the longitudinal axis of said handle element, indexing means for automatically interrupting rotation of said head when said tool has reached a desired working position along said course, said handle element carrying a iiuid conducting channel having an inlet orifice adapted to be connected to a pressure uid supply and an outlet orifice in juxtaposition with said swivel head and adapted to discharge into said head the fluid conducted through said channel, and additional channel means in said head adapted for receiving the fluid discharged from said outlet orice and conducting said iiuid into said tool operating mechanism while said tool is disposed in any of its predetermined working positions, said additional channel means comprising a centrally disposed fluid channel communicating with said tool operating mechanism and a plurality of spaced fluid receiving orifices adapted to register with the discharge orifice of the handles iiuid conducting channel as the head is rotated, said fluid receiving orifices being spaced about the periphery of said head and being in communication with said centrally disposed uid channel and capable of leading fluid into said tool mechanism while said mechanism is disposed in any of its various working positions.

11. In a portable hand tool, the combination of a handle having an inclined integral rigid forward extension, a fluid passage traversing the interior of the handle, said passage having an intake orifice, a swivel head connected to said extension and capable of free movement over a predetermined course, a fluid-actuated tool mechanism iixedly connected to said head and adapted to drive a tool element, the positioning of said tool mechanism on said head being such that movement of said head will direct the said tool element into a plurality oi angular working positions with respect to said handle, a fluid outlet orice in said handle extension adapted to discharge fluid passing through the aforesaid fluid passage, a fluid passage in said head having a iiuid receiving orifice adapted to register with and receive fluid discharged by the handles said outlet oriiice and adapted to supply operating fluid under proper pressure to said tool mechanism, and an indexing system formed of co-operating means located the junction of said handle and said head for interrupting movement of the head in any predetermined Working position by snap-in action automatically establishing and securely maintaining the desired operative angular setting of said tool in any of said working positions and simultaneously resulting in a rigid unitary relationship between the handle and the head while the tool is operative in any of said positions.

12. In a portable hand tool, the combination of a handle having an inclined integral rigid forward extension, a fluid passage traversing the interior of the handle, said passage having an intake orifice, a swivel head connected to said extension and capable of free movement over a predetermined course, a fluid-actuated tool driving mechanism iixedly connected to said head and adapted to drive a tool element, the connection between said mechanism and said head being such that movement of said head will direct the tool element into a plurality of angular working positions with respect to said handle, a liuid outlet orifice in said handle extension adapted to discharge fluid under pressure from said handle passage, a fluid passage in said head having a plurality of spaced fluid receiving orices arranged so as to separately move into registration with and receive discharged huid under pressure from the handles discharge orice and in turn lead said uid to said tool driving mechanism for the purpose of actuating said tool element while the latter is disposed at any of its said angular working positions.

MAURICE TRAPET.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the lle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 401,003 Burns Apr. 9, 1889 '760,329 Funk May 17, 1904 823,059 Leichter June 12, 1906 870,178 Johnson Nov. 5, 1907 1,177,713 Leonard Apr. 4, 1916 2,194,062 Albertson Mar. 19, 1940 2,337,897 Jimerson Dec. 28, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 214,366 Germany Oct. 13, 1909

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