US870178A - Hammer-drill. - Google Patents

Description

PATENTED NOV. 5, 1907.

A. E. JOHNSON. HAMMER DRILL.

APPLIUATON FILED IEB. 23. 1906.

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' UNITED STAT *PATENT OFFIOE.

ALFRED JOHNSON, or DENVER, COLORADO, llssIoNOa 'ro THE una Roon DRILL MANU FAoTURINe Conni-Nr, or DENVER, COLORADO.

Hmm-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1907.

Application filed Ysbrnary 2 3' 1306. Serial No. 302,3?3.

Toall 'whom i: may concern:

le 'it known that L ALFRED E.- J Ons-sox". a citizen litho United States, residing at the city and county r. Denn-r, and State of Colorado,l have invented certain new and useful4 Improvements in Hammer# Drills; and I do declare the following tolbea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, stichw-as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertairrs to ineke and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings', and to the letters and figures si reference marked there-tri, which form'a part o1 this specicatioir.

lily invention relates to improvements m'hammer drills or tools in which the reciprocating part or hamnier is. not. directly connected with the drill bit or Y tool the said part being actuated by air or other' suit- ,the rear extremity oi the conduit is journaled. l The motive iuiti for operatingthe tool is introduced to the hollow conduit at its abutment extremity. My presant inventlfn relates to the particular construction of the rear extremity o: the hollow conduit and the sleeve et the al'utmcot'nto which this rear extremity protrudes. .tu my present improvement this rear ex'- tremity with the hollow condon constats oa spindle memhex-demchablv connected with the body of conduit md' having a passage communicating therewith. This passalze also communicates with ports formed in the. spindle which in turn. communicate a chamber of the-abutment, when'the latter is moved forwardly on the spindle for operating purposes. The rear extremity oi the spindle member of ille con duit has 'an enlarged bead around 'which the motivev iluid is allowed'to circulate in the abutment chamber. The torward extremity 'ci this head conisisot' a beveled lace which when the abutment is at its rearward limit ol movement` engages a .shoulder oi the abut ment sleeve. leaving a spate 1neto/een the beveled face i the s riimiw.` .uca-:l :and the angle-fortified with-the The induction pei-t othe extrem-ity d ficulder the sleeve. sleeve communicates with the to the chamber of the sleeve, 4thus allowing the motive iluid to enter the space in the sleevelbetwecil the beveled headof the spindle and the shoulder of the sleeve, when the'abntmenr is at its rearward limit' of movement. By virtue of this'construction, the operator in moving the abutment forward to begin the r.operation oi the device, does not have to push against the entire pressure acting against the rear end o the abutment proper, since the action ofthe lluid on the shoulder of the abutment reduces the effective pres- 'sure area. to4 a considerable extent. This is an improvernent over the-original construction set iortll inthe said patent.

Having briefly outlined'my' improved construction,4 I will proceed todescribe the same in dctailfreer- :ence .being made to the accompanying drawing. in

which isillustrated an embodiment thereof.

' In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section taken through a hammer drill equipped with my` improvements. Fig. 2 is a ragmcr-.f-iry view oi the same showing the parts on a larger .cale the relative position oi the abutment and hollov; crank being the l same asin Fig. l, Flg. 3 is a view .similar to Fig. 2

but showing the abutment and hollow crank in different relative positions.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views.

'Let the numeral 5 designate the body oi the tool, 6 l the drill bit or steel arranged to be act-ed on by the hammer 7 which as shown in this instance acts directly on a tappet 4 interposed between the hammer and drill bit. This hammer may consist of any deeircd form oi reciprocating striker. In this instance its general shape is cylindrical and it is mounted to reciprocate in a chamber of corresponding shape formed in the body or' casing 5 of the tool. in this instance the hammer is adapted to move through av valve sleeve A whose extremities are providedI with pressure surfaces of different areas.

suitably connected with the near extremity'of the cylinder 5 is the hollow crank 8. In this instance they forward extremity of this crank is connected with the cylindarbya sleeve 9 formed integral with the hollow crank but split a short distance from its ex# tremity as shown at 10 to give the necessary clamping capacity. Through this split portion of the sleeve is passed a bolt 12 whereby the crank is securely fastenedto the body 5 of the tooL To facilitate Ythe securing of iw two parte together, the sleeve together with the rearward xtremity of the body of 'che tool is threaded. .im .Lhexhr'eldod connection imode the parte are Vam 2 p o'z'onvsv 'position at any desired distance from said center according to the desired leverage. The part B is fixedly:

connected with a hollow spindleY 13. In lthis instance the forward extremity of the spindle 4or that farther to the right in the drawing is threaded into the 'extremity `.B of the crank. Thisextremity of the crank has a chamber 14 which the hollow spindle enters and with which the hollow of the. spindle communicates 1 by means of ports l5. The rear extremity of the spindle part 13 of the crank', enters a sleeve 16 'which is pro'- vided with a suitable packing' l' to form a fluid tight joint between-the sleeve and the'spindle in orderto prevent leakage of the operating fluid. The rear ex.- tremi'ty of the part 13 has an enlarged part or head 18. .This head isadapt'ed to slide freely in a' chamber 19 formed in therear portion of the sleeve 16. VThe rear extremity of the sleeve iis closed4 by the 'abutment proper 20 which has a threaded lug 21Awhich enters the interiorly threaded rear portion of the sleeve. The ports 15 of the part 13 communicate at their [inner extremities with a longitudinal passage22 formed in the spindle, the latter being also provided near its rear extremity with ports 23 which communicate with the sleeve chamber 19 when the parts aref in the relative position shown in Fig. 3.

' located inclined or beveled face 18* which engages the corner of an abrupt shoulder 26 formed on the sleeve, thus leaving a space 27 betweenthe said face and the shoulder angle of the sleeve which space receives the y operating fluid when the abutment is at its rearward limit of movement (see Figs. 1 and2). The head 18 does not tit tightly within the chamber 19 of thesleeve, but the parts are so formed as to allow the operating fluid to pass the said' head and occupy aposition be-- tween the abutment and the spindle head whereby it furnis a cushion and Arelieves the operator from Ythe annoyance due tothe vibration of tools of this character.

that the crank and abutment are in the rel-.nivo position shown in Fig. 1, if fluid be introduced at the port 24, it will pass to the chamber 19 and also 'to the space between the face: 13A of the spindle and' the adjacent angle'o the sleeve. when the parts are in this lmsitou'no fluid prrsseslln'ouglr the hollow lcmnlt to rho lool, since the ].\orls2.- are located forward chamber 14 o the hollow-crank and thence through v the angular passage 28 of the crank. to an annular chamber 29 formed in the clamping sleeve -9. From this chamber 29, the fluid passes through ports 30 'formed in a detachable part 31 of the cylinder, into a circum- .70 ferential groove 32 formed on the inside of the part 3l and surrounding the outer surface of the sleeve valve A. Now assuming that the hammer is at its forward limit of movement as shown in Fig. 1, and-that the A sleeve valve is at im rearward limit of-movement, the operating fluid which has driven the hammer for ward hasrexhaused through ports 33 formed in the valve, into a circumferential groove 34 formed in the' member 3l, the exhaust passing thence through rearwardly-extending openings 35 (indicated by dotted 80 i lines in Fig. l) to thc exhaust chamber 36 andthence' A to the atmosphere through a paagel'. A small part of the operating fluid,howeve,.cnters a transverse pesage-38 formed in a member 39 and passes thence through a duct Ai0 formed in a forwardly-extending 85 stern 4l of the member-.39, passing thence outwardly through ducts 42 iutoan annular space 43 formed in the rear extremity of the hammer and communicating by means of ducts 44 with longitudinal grooves 45 formed in the outer wall of the hammer and communieating with the forward cxtermity. of the'sleeve valve.

lt is the action of this fluid which has imparted the rearward movement to'the valve or caused it to occupy the position shown in Fig. 1. This fluid also flows through a central passage 47 ol' the hammer and escapes 95 therefrom through pasages 4S lo a chamber 4'.` where the iluid acts to rclum the hununcr to its rearward limit of movement. A ftcr the hammer during this rearward movement passes the exhaust ports 33 of thc valve, the motive fluid cushions between the rear ex- 100 tremity of the-hammer and the 'chamber in the rear of the exhaust ports and the resulting uid prcure acting on the relatively small surface area of the roar extremity of the valve, imparts the forward movement to the valve and bringsv its ports 33 into communication 105 with the interior circumferential groove 32 of the member 31, allowing the motive fluid to pam to the hamrncr chamber, the ports `33 of thevalve "hich have heretofore been designated as exhaust ports, new becoming induction, ports. The-Huid cushion in the rear of 'the 110 hammer as it is completing its rem-ward stroke, reacts i on the hammer dnd Aimparts thereto a forward movement sulicient to bring its reanextremity. forward of the valve ports 33 whenA the valve is at its forward limitof movement, thus allowing the motive lluid to enter behind the hammer and act'thcreou to impart its' forward or working stroke. .i

In the construction shown, the motive fluid forward of the hammer during apart of the lutters forward strike, escapes into a circumferential gromo 50 ornwd 120 in the inner wall of the cylinder and pass-s thence through ducts 5l, 52 and ports 53, to the drill steel or bit which it is assumed is provided with a piange for delivering the iluid to the Ainner extremity of thc drill hole `for the purpose u( cleaning out the latter.

As nothing is claimed. on thc specific consrructitm of hanuncr or' striking mechanism in this application l the said mechanism and its principle of operation will not he further set. forth iu detail.

'As soon as the operator ceases to press on the shut 130 thil spindle nnd its htx-td within the abutment chamber b0- im.r ul :t size to allow thc motive ihthl in )mss therenrnnnd fm' tht` pnrlmsc svt furth.

ln :t hnmlnvr drill. tin` conthlnnttnn with the body uf tho itmtt'tuntnt. of nn ztlmtnwnt. :t hollow nwmht-r connectA ing tlnlmtly ol' the tutti with thc nlmttncnt. the abutment oxtrttnity uf thu crunk consisting ui' n hollow spindle dctnrlmhly runtxtrtttl with tht: wild hnllnw tnvtnlxr tutti haring :in vnlnrgvd lit-ntl lut-:ttul within :t clnnnhcr t'nrxnt-t. in titt- :thntmvnt the spintlln :intl its htfttl lwing.: frcc to slitlc in th:` snitl ('hzttnlwr .thu :mid hcntl living provitlvd with n llovlutl t'urwnrtl int'v :tml the :thntmt-nt with :t shnnlth-r lnrzttvtl apposito tht) sititl faire wht-n tht: :tbnlntent int its watt-viril limit nl' murcmcnt. tht* :thntntcnt beim: prm'ldtwl witl-l :t tttntn'ttlntt intlnutinn puri; cntnnntnivning with tln- :xhntntt-nt t-hnmlwr.

ln tt-stimnny wiwi-wf 1 nttix tn v signatur in presence of two wilntmsw.

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