US2469963A - Heating unit - Google Patents
Heating unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2469963A US2469963A US677768A US67776846A US2469963A US 2469963 A US2469963 A US 2469963A US 677768 A US677768 A US 677768A US 67776846 A US67776846 A US 67776846A US 2469963 A US2469963 A US 2469963A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- ceiling
- pipe
- heating unit
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
- F24D3/14—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating incorporated in a ceiling, wall or floor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Definitions
- Our invention refers to radiators for heating buildings and it has for its object to provide a simple and economical heat unit to be hung or inserted either from or in a ceiling or side wall.
- the unit consists of a ferrous or nonferrous plate. preferably corrugated, and of predetermined areas, the same having suitably attached thereto a coil or coils of heating pipe. This unit will be distributed to the trade and it can be readily hung, suspended or be attached to formed openings or chambers in the wall or ceiling of a building.
- Fig. 1 represents a sectional elevation of a heat unit embodying the features of our invention.
- Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.
- Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a modified form 01 our'heating unit.
- Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of our invention, wherein the heater is suspended from the ceiling.
- l indicates a widely corrugated metallic plate having attached thereto a heating coil of pipe 2.
- the stretches of the coil are preferably attached at the inner high ridges of the plate, by welding or by heat conducting straps 3, the feet of which straps are mechanically and thermally secured to the plate with the coil stretches engaging the high points of the corrugations.
- the plaster 4 of the ceiling or wall is cut away a predetermined distance from a plurality of joists or studs 5-5, and the outer joists or studs have secured thereto, adjacent the plaster, wood or perforated metallic strips i-5', to which strips are secured the edges of the metallic plate.
- the transverse edges of the plate engage strips 5' forming part oi the ceiling or wall structure, and
- a nonconductor insulation such as asbestos or the like.
- Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates a cross sectional view of a wall or ceiling. wherein the chamber is closed by a flat ferrous or nonfei-rous metal plate, the edges of which are connected to the stud or joist 5 by angle iron or wood strips 5".
- the stretches of the coil pipe are attached to the flat plate I by legged straps 3, the upper faces of which are welded or otherwise secured to the heating pipes.
- Fig. 4 illustrates still another form of our invention, wherein the metallic plate, carrying the heating pipes 2, are suspended from a ceiling by bolts 6, it being understood that as a substitute for these bolts, the plate I may be attached to the ceiling by an angle iron metallic plate, whereby the unit is completely boxed.
- the asbestos filling is mounted over the pipes and air may circulate through the space between the ceiling and plate.
- a heating unit comprising a widely corrugated plate for closing the chamber, and a coil of pipe having its stretches secured to the high points of said corrugations whereby condensation from the pipe is drained ofl into the gutters or lower points of the widely spaced corrugations to keep said pipes clear of fluid, whereby the maximum heat is maintained, the said chamber being filled with asbestos.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Description
y 1949- H. w. GROSJEAN ETAL 2,469,963
HEATING UNIT Filed June 19, 1946 :min
4 3 3 INVENTORS HARRY W.GROSJEAN ELMER M.A.SIZER 3 4 Y Patented May 10, 1949 2,469,963 7 HEATING UNIT Barry W. Grosjean and Elmer M. A. Sizer, Milwaukee, Wis.
Application June 19, 1946, Serial No. 677,768 1 Claim. (01. 257124) Our invention refers to radiators for heating buildings and it has for its object to provide a simple and economical heat unit to be hung or inserted either from or in a ceiling or side wall. The unit consists of a ferrous or nonferrous plate. preferably corrugated, and of predetermined areas, the same having suitably attached thereto a coil or coils of heating pipe. This unit will be distributed to the trade and it can be readily hung, suspended or be attached to formed openings or chambers in the wall or ceiling of a building.
With the above and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the novel construction, combination andarrangement of parts, substantially as hereinafter described, and more particularly defined by the appended claim, it being understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of the herein disclosed invention made aS come within the scope of the claim.
In the accompanying drawings is illustrated one complete example of the physical embodiment of the present invention constructed according to the best mode so far devised for the practical application of the principles thereof.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 represents a sectional elevation of a heat unit embodying the features of our invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a modified form 01 our'heating unit; and
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of our invention, wherein the heater is suspended from the ceiling.
Referring by characters to the drawings, l indicates a widely corrugated metallic plate having attached thereto a heating coil of pipe 2.
The stretches of the coil are preferably attached at the inner high ridges of the plate, by welding or by heat conducting straps 3, the feet of which straps are mechanically and thermally secured to the plate with the coil stretches engaging the high points of the corrugations.
By anchoring the coiled pipe upon the high corners of the corrugated plate when the heat is initially turned on, condensation from the pipe coils are drained oil and settled and the fluid is trapped in the lower corners of said corrugations, whereby the heating pipes are always free to discharge the heat therefrom, due to the fact that said pipes are not submerged or partly submerged.
As illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the plaster 4 of the ceiling or wall is cut away a predetermined distance from a plurality of joists or studs 5-5, and the outer joists or studs have secured thereto, adjacent the plaster, wood or perforated metallic strips i-5', to which strips are secured the edges of the metallic plate. The transverse edges of the plate engage strips 5' forming part oi the ceiling or wall structure, and
may be the recess 0r chamber formed in the ceiling or wall above the plate is filled with a nonconductor insulation, such as asbestos or the like.
Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates a cross sectional view of a wall or ceiling. wherein the chamber is closed by a flat ferrous or nonfei-rous metal plate, the edges of which are connected to the stud or joist 5 by angle iron or wood strips 5".
In this exemplification of my invention the stretches of the coil pipe are attached to the flat plate I by legged straps 3, the upper faces of which are welded or otherwise secured to the heating pipes.
It is understood, in some instances, we may use a multi-Iooped coil of pipe in connection with the plate, and we may also seat the stretches of the heating pipe in the lower ridges of the plate.
Furthermore, while we particularly described the pipe stretches as being secured to the plate by straps, obviously their means of securement may be varied without departing from the spirit of our invention.
Fig. 4 illustrates still another form of our invention, wherein the metallic plate, carrying the heating pipes 2, are suspended from a ceiling by bolts 6, it being understood that as a substitute for these bolts, the plate I may be attached to the ceiling by an angle iron metallic plate, whereby the unit is completely boxed. In that form of the invention which is suspended by bolts and open. the asbestos filling is mounted over the pipes and air may circulate through the space between the ceiling and plate.
We claim:
In a wall or ceiling having its plaste removed for predetermined distance to expose the joists and form a chamber; the combination of a heating unit comprising a widely corrugated plate for closing the chamber, and a coil of pipe having its stretches secured to the high points of said corrugations whereby condensation from the pipe is drained ofl into the gutters or lower points of the widely spaced corrugations to keep said pipes clear of fluid, whereby the maximum heat is maintained, the said chamber being filled with asbestos.
HARRY WM. GROSJEAN. ELMER M. A. SIZER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
Country Date Great Britain July 11, 1929 Great Britain Oct. 27, 1941 Australia June 3, 1932 Number Number
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US677768A US2469963A (en) | 1946-06-19 | 1946-06-19 | Heating unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US677768A US2469963A (en) | 1946-06-19 | 1946-06-19 | Heating unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2469963A true US2469963A (en) | 1949-05-10 |
Family
ID=24720043
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US677768A Expired - Lifetime US2469963A (en) | 1946-06-19 | 1946-06-19 | Heating unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2469963A (en) |
Cited By (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2660409A (en) * | 1950-07-10 | 1953-11-24 | Johns Manville | Radiant heat exchange and acoustical structure for buildings |
| US2662743A (en) * | 1947-10-21 | 1953-12-15 | Frenger Gunnar | Suspended panel type air conditioner |
| US2771164A (en) * | 1949-01-27 | 1956-11-20 | Western Engineering Associates | Wall construction |
| US2809814A (en) * | 1952-02-16 | 1957-10-15 | Alustra Ets | Heating and cooling systems for walls, ceilings and floors |
| US2840353A (en) * | 1952-08-29 | 1958-06-24 | Paul M Muspratt | Radiant heating panel |
| DE972901C (en) * | 1952-09-03 | 1959-10-22 | Albrecht Kollmar Dr Ing | Heating and cooling system |
| US2912230A (en) * | 1954-05-13 | 1959-11-10 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
| US3043567A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | 1962-07-10 | Airtex Corp | Radiant acoustical system |
| US3049341A (en) * | 1957-07-26 | 1962-08-14 | William G Kemp | Heat exchange structure |
| US3246120A (en) * | 1962-11-02 | 1966-04-12 | Frank J Brandenburg | Liquid-type electric baseboard heater |
| US3376919A (en) * | 1964-11-09 | 1968-04-09 | Ferrotubi S P A | Structure with tubular metal elements for covering or separating two superimposed floors of a building |
| US3786230A (en) * | 1971-12-14 | 1974-01-15 | F Brandenburg | Radiant heater |
| US3916151A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1975-10-28 | Gachot Sa | Electric radiation and convection heater for domestic use |
| US4076076A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-02-28 | Halm Instrument Co., Inc. | Mechanical heat exchange joint |
| US4324009A (en) * | 1980-05-01 | 1982-04-13 | Hornsby Roger L | Swimming pool and water supply system |
| EP0047633A3 (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-08-18 | James Frederick Hinds | Area heating or cooling device |
| FR2603162A1 (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-04 | Forbes Charles | METHOD FOR EXTERMINING INSECTS BY HEATING |
| US4770233A (en) * | 1983-09-08 | 1988-09-13 | Hansen Harold W | Space heating element and shaped insulated mounting therefor |
| US4961283A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1990-10-09 | Charles Forbes | Extermination of insects by heat |
| WO1996021827A1 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-18 | Novo Clima Ab | Device for heating or cooling of a space |
| US5598682A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1997-02-04 | Haughian Sales Ltd. | Pipe retaining clip and method for installing radiant heat flooring |
| US6079170A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 2000-06-27 | Slebos; Henk | Universal and multi-functional building component |
| US6141901A (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2000-11-07 | Rupp Industries, Inc. | Pest control system |
| US6588140B1 (en) | 1999-09-14 | 2003-07-08 | Rupp Industries, Inc. | Pest control system |
| US20050246942A1 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-10 | Mueller A C | Method of extermination utilizing heated air |
| US20060242900A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2006-11-02 | Lovelace Reginald B | Nematode extermination in place using heat blankets |
| US20070023980A1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-02-01 | Mimoun Abaraw | Pest control system |
| US20070181704A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Ehv-Weidmann Industries, Inc. | Radiant heat barrier and method of using same |
| US20080141999A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Hanken Michael J | Solar heating system and method of forming a panel assembly therefor |
| US20100071258A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-03-25 | Christopher Molnar | Insect eradication system and method |
| US20100077681A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2010-04-01 | Mccleskey Michael | Utility floorbox for use with ice covered floors |
| US7832159B1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2010-11-16 | Kayhart Paul H | Radiant in-floor heating system |
| US20120255219A1 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Self-Contained Heating Unit for Thermal Pest Control |
| US20140013653A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Kenneth Lander | Thermal Processing Device, System, and Method. |
| US8720109B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2014-05-13 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Portable heating system for pest control |
| US8756857B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2014-06-24 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Hydronic heating system and method for pest control |
| US20160161157A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-06-09 | Tony Randolph Alley | Direct Heat Exchange System |
| US11219192B2 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2022-01-11 | Purdue Research Foundation | Systems and methods for cooling an animal |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB315067A (en) * | 1928-06-06 | 1929-07-11 | William Edmund Dennison | Improvements in or relating to heat radiators |
| US1800150A (en) * | 1927-01-29 | 1931-04-07 | Musgrave Joseph Leslie | Heating and cooling of buildings |
| AU769032A (en) * | 1932-06-03 | 1933-07-13 | An improved radiating panel or element for heating systems | |
| GB540678A (en) * | 1939-04-20 | 1941-10-27 | Josephus Theodorus Cornelis Va | Improvements relating to the heating of buildings |
-
1946
- 1946-06-19 US US677768A patent/US2469963A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1800150A (en) * | 1927-01-29 | 1931-04-07 | Musgrave Joseph Leslie | Heating and cooling of buildings |
| GB315067A (en) * | 1928-06-06 | 1929-07-11 | William Edmund Dennison | Improvements in or relating to heat radiators |
| AU769032A (en) * | 1932-06-03 | 1933-07-13 | An improved radiating panel or element for heating systems | |
| GB540678A (en) * | 1939-04-20 | 1941-10-27 | Josephus Theodorus Cornelis Va | Improvements relating to the heating of buildings |
Cited By (53)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2662743A (en) * | 1947-10-21 | 1953-12-15 | Frenger Gunnar | Suspended panel type air conditioner |
| US2771164A (en) * | 1949-01-27 | 1956-11-20 | Western Engineering Associates | Wall construction |
| US2660409A (en) * | 1950-07-10 | 1953-11-24 | Johns Manville | Radiant heat exchange and acoustical structure for buildings |
| US2809814A (en) * | 1952-02-16 | 1957-10-15 | Alustra Ets | Heating and cooling systems for walls, ceilings and floors |
| US2840353A (en) * | 1952-08-29 | 1958-06-24 | Paul M Muspratt | Radiant heating panel |
| DE972901C (en) * | 1952-09-03 | 1959-10-22 | Albrecht Kollmar Dr Ing | Heating and cooling system |
| US2912230A (en) * | 1954-05-13 | 1959-11-10 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
| US3049341A (en) * | 1957-07-26 | 1962-08-14 | William G Kemp | Heat exchange structure |
| US3043567A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | 1962-07-10 | Airtex Corp | Radiant acoustical system |
| US3246120A (en) * | 1962-11-02 | 1966-04-12 | Frank J Brandenburg | Liquid-type electric baseboard heater |
| US3376919A (en) * | 1964-11-09 | 1968-04-09 | Ferrotubi S P A | Structure with tubular metal elements for covering or separating two superimposed floors of a building |
| US3786230A (en) * | 1971-12-14 | 1974-01-15 | F Brandenburg | Radiant heater |
| US3916151A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1975-10-28 | Gachot Sa | Electric radiation and convection heater for domestic use |
| US4076076A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-02-28 | Halm Instrument Co., Inc. | Mechanical heat exchange joint |
| US4324009A (en) * | 1980-05-01 | 1982-04-13 | Hornsby Roger L | Swimming pool and water supply system |
| EP0047633A3 (en) * | 1980-09-08 | 1982-08-18 | James Frederick Hinds | Area heating or cooling device |
| US4770233A (en) * | 1983-09-08 | 1988-09-13 | Hansen Harold W | Space heating element and shaped insulated mounting therefor |
| US4961283A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1990-10-09 | Charles Forbes | Extermination of insects by heat |
| US4817329A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1989-04-04 | Charles Forbes | Extermination of insects by heat |
| FR2603162A1 (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-03-04 | Forbes Charles | METHOD FOR EXTERMINING INSECTS BY HEATING |
| US5598682A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1997-02-04 | Haughian Sales Ltd. | Pipe retaining clip and method for installing radiant heat flooring |
| WO1996021827A1 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1996-07-18 | Novo Clima Ab | Device for heating or cooling of a space |
| US6079170A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 2000-06-27 | Slebos; Henk | Universal and multi-functional building component |
| US6141901A (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2000-11-07 | Rupp Industries, Inc. | Pest control system |
| US6588140B1 (en) | 1999-09-14 | 2003-07-08 | Rupp Industries, Inc. | Pest control system |
| US20050246942A1 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-11-10 | Mueller A C | Method of extermination utilizing heated air |
| US20060242900A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2006-11-02 | Lovelace Reginald B | Nematode extermination in place using heat blankets |
| US7469500B2 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2008-12-30 | Lovelace Reginald B | Nematode extermination in place using heat blankets |
| US20070023980A1 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-02-01 | Mimoun Abaraw | Pest control system |
| US20070181704A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Ehv-Weidmann Industries, Inc. | Radiant heat barrier and method of using same |
| US7832159B1 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2010-11-16 | Kayhart Paul H | Radiant in-floor heating system |
| US20100077681A1 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2010-04-01 | Mccleskey Michael | Utility floorbox for use with ice covered floors |
| US20080141999A1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Hanken Michael J | Solar heating system and method of forming a panel assembly therefor |
| US7971586B2 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2011-07-05 | Hanken Michael J | Solar heating system and method of forming a panel assembly therefor |
| US20100071258A1 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2010-03-25 | Christopher Molnar | Insect eradication system and method |
| US7926222B2 (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-04-19 | Molnar Christopher J | Insect eradication system and method |
| US8756857B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2014-06-24 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Hydronic heating system and method for pest control |
| US9374991B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2016-06-28 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US9578867B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2017-02-28 | Technologies Holding Corp. | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US10051853B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2018-08-21 | Therma-Stor LLC | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US8720109B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2014-05-13 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Portable heating system for pest control |
| US9992990B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2018-06-12 | Therma-Stor LLC | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US9237742B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2016-01-19 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US9930878B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2018-04-03 | Therma-Stor LLC | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US9807994B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2017-11-07 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Portable heating system and method for pest control |
| US8479439B2 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2013-07-09 | Technologies Holding Corp. | Self-contained heating unit for thermal pest control |
| US20120255219A1 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Self-Contained Heating Unit for Thermal Pest Control |
| US8479440B2 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2013-07-09 | Technologies Holdings Corp. | Self-contained heating unit for thermal pest control |
| US9339021B2 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-05-17 | Kenneth Lander | Thermal processing device, system, and method |
| US20140013653A1 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-01-16 | Kenneth Lander | Thermal Processing Device, System, and Method. |
| US20160161157A1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-06-09 | Tony Randolph Alley | Direct Heat Exchange System |
| US11098933B2 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2021-08-24 | Tony Randolph Alley | Direct heat exchange system |
| US11219192B2 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2022-01-11 | Purdue Research Foundation | Systems and methods for cooling an animal |
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