US2462990A - Shingle - Google Patents

Description

March l, 1949. E. R. NOLAN ET Al.

` SHINGLE Filed Aug. 2, 1946 Il y INVENTOR.

Edward [1." arlbam Erwan' l?. Afa/ara Patented Mar. l, 1949 SHINGLE Ernest a. Nolan, wheatriage, and Edward w. Danbom, Denver, Colo.

Application August 2, 1946, Serial No. 687,842

4 Claims. l

This invention relates to shingles and has reference more particularly to a shingle for use in roofing dwellings and covering side walls.

It is the object of Vthis invention to produce a shingle having a high degree of insulating value and one which is also practically everlasting.

Another object of the invention is to produce a shingle which, when laid on a roof, will automatically seal the lapping surfaces of superimposed shingles.

A further object is to produce a shingle that can be laid in such a way that each shingle will be held to the roof boards by at least four nails, all of which are concealed and protected against the action of the elements.

Another object is to produce a shingle that shall be of light weight and as above mentioned,

' have high heat insulating properties.

The above and other objects that may become apparent as this description proceeds are attained by means of a construction and an arrangement of parts that will now be described in detail and for this purpose reference will be had to the accompanying drawing in which the invention has been illustrated, and in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view showing a section of roof or side of a house, covered with shingles constructed in accordance with this invention;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2 2, Figure l;

Figure 3isra top plan view of a shingle showing a portion of the covering removed;

Figure 4` `is a section taken on line 4 4, Fig- Figure 5 is a vsection taken on line 5-5, Figure 3;

:;= 'Figure 6 is an end view looking in the direction of arrows 6 6, Figure 3;

Figure 7 is a section taken on line 1 1, Figure 1;

, .Figure 8 is a section to an enlarged scale, taken on lirie 8-8, Figure 1;

l Before the metal covering is put into position,

lil.)

'Figure 10 shows a small section of roof em-` ploying hexagonal shingles.

' In the drawing reference numeral l0 designates the roof boards of a roof or the sheeting of a. house and reference numeral II designates one of the shingles to which this invention relates. In the present embodiment the shingles are 131/2 inches by 15 inches and are' about onehalf Inch in thickness. The dimensions just given may. however, be varied as may be desired.

the celotex" sheet that is to form the shingle is dipped into warm asphalt, which is permitted to permeate a short distance into the surfaces, forming a layer I5, extending into the shingle a short distance. This layer is waterproof and is also of such a nature that when it becomes heated, due to the hot raysof the sun, it Will melt slightly so as to form a sealylith the surface on which it is resting. The --shingle thus treated is covered with a layer I3 of metal as above mentioned. While the asphalt is still tacky, the shingle is positioned in the metal covering which has first been formed into the proper shape and size, and allowed to cool while under some pressure.

Although the metal covering may be turned down along all four edges, the downturned edge marked I6, in Figure 4, can be omitted because that particularedge of the shingle is never exposed to the weather. However, some advantage is gained if all four edges are' covered with metal in the manner shown in Figures 4 and 5.

The shingle is laid in a manner shown in Figure v1 beginning at the edge of the roof two layers of shingles A and B are laid, one on top of the other, in offset relation. Shingles marked C are now positioned over layers A and B with the distance X to the weather; The distance X is slightly less than one-half the length of the shingles for a purpose which will presently appear. Shingles A and B are nailed along their edges about midway between their ends as indicated at Il. These nails go through 'both layers of shingles into theroof boards. After layers AA and B have been `put; into position. shingles C are then placed and spaced twelve inches apart. Shingles C are nailed at points I8 so that the nails pass through the upper corners of shingles B and C. Layer D is now positioned over layer C with the lower edge extending slightly below the center so as to cover nails I8, the shingles of layer D are, of course, nailed along their edges at points I9 so that the nails will pass through the upper corners of shingle C. Above layer D is another layerl of shingle E which are secured in the same manner and this is continued until the ridge of the roof or the top of the wall is reached.

It will be apparent from an inspection of Figures 2 and 8 that shingles D will be spaced from the upper surface of shingles A a distance equal to the thickness of shingle C, and unless some means is provided, there will be an opening between shingles A andD inthe manner indicated in Figure 8. For the purpose of closing this opening and preventing rain, snow and wind from blowing up between the shingles, each' shingle is provided along its lower edge with a downwardly extending tongue I4 Which contacts the upper surface of the shingle beneath in the manner indicated in Figures 7 and 8.

When laying the shingles as illustrated in Figure 1, there is an overlap of about two inches along the sides and the lower end of each shingle extends a corresponding distance over the upper end of the shingle below. Due to the heavy and strong material of which the shingles are made,

and to the fact that they are provided with aV metal covering, the roof, although of a single thickness in some places, is still suiiiciently strong to resist heavy hail storms and the weight of heavy layers of snow.

When the treated celotex shingles are covered by aluminum or an aluminum alloy and protected along three sides in the manner shown and described, and when, in addition to this, they have a waterproof coating of asphalt or some other similar waterproof and water repellent material, a roof constructed from them will be practically"indestructible because the aluminum covering, after it has once oxidized will last indenitely. Such roofs or walls may, if desired, be painted with any suitable paint Vso as to improve the appearance. VThe paint is not believed to add to the durability of the roof when such material as aluminum or copper is employed for a covering. l

Although aluminum and copper are believed .to be the two most desirable metals for use in connection with such shingles, it is evident that a cheaper grade of shingle can be constructed that is covered with galvanized iron or some other sheet metal. When other material than rust-proof and corrode-proof metal is used, a

paint of proper weather-resisting characteristics f may. ,of course, be employed and will add tothe vthat it will permit the warm asphalt to penetrate some distance.

`It is to. be understood that any other suitable material can be substituted such as wood and cork. There are also construction materials 4 similar to celotex but sold under diierent trade names that may be used. Applicant therefore desires it to be understood that his invention can be considered broad enough to include any equivalent of the material named.

Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:

l. Ak rectangular shingle comprising, a sheet of fibrous material of the desired size and shape, having at leasty four straight edges,v one side and at least three edges having a sheet metal covering, the sheet metal covering of one edge extending beyond the other side a distance equal to thethickness of the shingle, the part that extends beyond the shingle being 'shorter than the length of the edge and spaced centrally along said edge.

2. A shingle formed from a substantially rectangular piece of porous fibrous material having a layer adjacent each side filled with a Waterproofing material of the asphalt type, a sheet metalV cover for one side and at least three edges, the waterproofing material forming an adhesive serving to bind the covering, the covering for one edge projecting beyond the other side of the shingle a distance equal to the thickness thereof, the projecting portion being shorter than the edge by an amount equal to twice the lateral overlap and spaced centrally along said edge.

3. A rectangular shingle comprising, a sheet of heat insulating material of the desired size and shape, having at least four straight edges, one side and at least three edges having a sheet metal covering, the sheet metal covering of one edge extending beyond the other side a distance equal to the thickness of the shingle, the part that extends beyond the shingle being shorter than the length of the edge and spaced centrally along said edge.

4. A shingle comprising, a piece of porous heat insulating material having at least four angularly related edges, a layer adjacent each surface lled with a waterproofing material, one side and at least three edges having a sheet metal covering, the covering of one edge projecting beyond the opposite side a distance equal to the thickness of the shingle, the pazj'l that extends beyond the shingle being shorter than the length of the edge and spaced centrally along said edge.

ERNEST R. NOLAN. EDWARD W.- DANBOM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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