US24604A - Improvement in methods of protecting iron from oxidation - Google Patents
Improvement in methods of protecting iron from oxidation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US24604A US24604A US24604DA US24604A US 24604 A US24604 A US 24604A US 24604D A US24604D A US 24604DA US 24604 A US24604 A US 24604A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- oxidation
- improvement
- methods
- sheets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 78
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 40
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 14
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940074391 Gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N Tannin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]2OC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)O[C@H]([C@H]2O)O1)O)C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 VXMKYRQZQXVKGB-CWWHNZPOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 Joints Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 Milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940033123 Tannic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N Tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
- C23C22/62—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EBENEZER Gr. POMEROY, OF NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JULIUS It. POMEROY, OF BROOKLYN, N. Y.
IMPROVEMENT lN METHODS OF PROTECTING IRON FROM OXIDATION.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 24,604., dated June 28, 1859.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, EBENEZER G. PoMERoY, of the city, county, and State of New York, in the United States of North America, have invented, discovered, and applied a new and useful method or process for protecting iron from oxidation and beautifying its surface by incorporating flexible matter therewith, of which the following is a specification.
This application for Letters Patent has no reference whatever to the mode of proceeding to accomplish the object above stated as described by me in the specification to certain other Letters Patent obtained by and issued to me for a similar purpose, hearing date the 31st day of January, in the year of our Lord 1854, and may be looked upon as a distinct and separate application and specification.
In order to enable others skilled in metallurgy to fully understand how to make use of and apply this invention or discovery, I give the following description of the mode or process used by me, to wit:
First. I take iron in slabs or sheets not yet fully extended to the desired length and thickness-that is to say, if I wish to finish it to wire-gage 26, I would use gage 20, and in similar proportion for lighter or heavier iron and having a vat made of plank, lined with sheet-lead, of suitable width and depth to correspond with the said slabs or sheets, so as to admit of their being set up edgewise. I place them therein in that manner and fill up the vat with diluted acid of sufficient strength to remove the oxide scale from the iron, leaving abright, clean surface. Then, taking out the said slabs or sheets, I set them up in the open air, for the express purpose of allowing them to oxidize or corrode, carefully watching this process until the entire surface of the iron has become completely and evenly oxidized and roughened, when it will be covered or filled with innumerable minute cavities and correspondin g minute protuberances.
Second. I take these corroded and roughened slabs or sheets of iron and immerse them in another vat filled with a solution of oakbark or of Aleppo galls and bark containing tannin, for the purpose of bringing into juxtaposition gallic acid, tannin, and oxide of iron, thereby changing the color of the surface of the iron and forming a solid substance by chemical combination therewith. Adeep black or blue-black color may be thus produced. The slabs or sheets of iron are then dried, when they are ready for the next process, to wit:
Third. Having prepared a fire-proof paint composed of pure plumbago and bituminous lamp-black or other dark tire-proof flexible matter, ground fine and moistened with beer or milk to a proper consistency, I thoroughly paint the said slabs or sheets with the same, using a stiff bush, so as to effect a complete in corporation of the material with the corroded surface of the iron, spreading the same evenly over such surface.
Fourth. For the purpose of completing and perfecting the incorporation of the paint and the substance formed by process second, as above set forth, with the corroded surface of the iron, rendering the whole completely interlocked together, after heating the said slabs or sheets so prepared, as above stated, and thereby expelling any portion of acid that may remain undisposed of during the former processes,1 pass one piece at a time between perfeet-chilled rollers, polished, by the mechanical force of which a perfectly-smooth surface is produced, and the protuberauces before mentioned become flattened and clinched into the under surface of the pellicle of fire-proof paint,
thereby holding such pellicle or outer cover ing firmly interlocked, so that the finest joints can be made without scaling. "As during the latter part of this process the slabs or sheets may pass through the rollers after becoming cold, the iron, unless the same be best char coal-bloom, will require to be annealed, which should be done with a heavy weight, in a cast iron box, in a close furnace. Thus I effect the production of sheet-iron firmly covered with a pellicle of fire-proof paint, not easily oxidized, and capable of receiving a high polish, which polish may be obtained by passing the sheets between swiftly-revolving brushes or other- Wise.
I do not claim the cleansing of the iron by acid, nor the discovery that iron will oxidize, nor that gallic or tannic acid will color the salts of iron, nor the fire 'proof paint, nor the process of rolling above described; but
What I do claim as my invention and discovery and desire to secure by Letters Patent, mechanical force, and theapplication of the is- V other processes above described to iron so we The preparation of iron by corroding or oxpared, in combination therewith. idizing its surface for the express purpose of EBENEZER G. POMEROY. making the same rough and capable of being Witnesses: closely and firmly united with a covering of WM. 1?. CHAMBERS, fire-proof paint by means of rolling or other DANIEL POMEROY.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US24604A true US24604A (en) | 1859-06-28 |
Family
ID=2092841
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US24604D Expired - Lifetime US24604A (en) | Improvement in methods of protecting iron from oxidation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US24604A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2727842A (en) * | 1950-06-21 | 1955-12-20 | Tno | Process for the conversion of at least the surface layer of an iron article into magnetite and thus prepared articles |
US2728696A (en) * | 1948-12-23 | 1955-12-27 | Singer Fritz | Production of oxide coatings on ferrous surfaces and mechanically working the same |
US2772183A (en) * | 1953-09-24 | 1956-11-27 | Gen Am Transport | Chemical nickel plating processes |
US4953384A (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1990-09-04 | Legrand | Magazine-type wiring accessory crimping tool |
DE4104736A1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-27 | Weidmueller C A Gmbh Co | Crimpable tag element for crimping tool for wire end connection - has guide projection for sliding engagement with guide path and storable e.g. in handle of tool |
US5279140A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-01-18 | Burndy Corporation | Tool handles having wear indication |
US6027578A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2000-02-22 | Pavco, Inc. | Non-chrome conversion coating |
-
0
- US US24604D patent/US24604A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2728696A (en) * | 1948-12-23 | 1955-12-27 | Singer Fritz | Production of oxide coatings on ferrous surfaces and mechanically working the same |
US2727842A (en) * | 1950-06-21 | 1955-12-20 | Tno | Process for the conversion of at least the surface layer of an iron article into magnetite and thus prepared articles |
US2772183A (en) * | 1953-09-24 | 1956-11-27 | Gen Am Transport | Chemical nickel plating processes |
US4953384A (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1990-09-04 | Legrand | Magazine-type wiring accessory crimping tool |
DE4104736A1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-27 | Weidmueller C A Gmbh Co | Crimpable tag element for crimping tool for wire end connection - has guide projection for sliding engagement with guide path and storable e.g. in handle of tool |
US5279140A (en) * | 1992-05-18 | 1994-01-18 | Burndy Corporation | Tool handles having wear indication |
US6027578A (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2000-02-22 | Pavco, Inc. | Non-chrome conversion coating |
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