US2458417A

US2458417A - Dry shaver

Info

Publication number: US2458417A
Application number: US697643A
Authority: US
Inventors: Pollifrone Frank
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1946-09-18
Filing date: 1946-09-18
Publication date: 1949-01-04
Anticipated expiration: 1966-01-04

Description

Jan. 4, 1949. F. POLLIFRONE 2,458,417

DRY SHAVER Filed Sept. 18, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY woza a-1% TORNEYS.

Jami 1,1949. OL RONE 2,458,417

DRY SHAVER Filed SepL 18, 1946 r 2 Sheets-Sheet z n NVENTOR.

An iNEx s.

Patented Jan. 4, 1949 UN TED? 2,45s,4 1;;:;* nimsHAmn Frank Polliirona' llflell g Ca i Z- Application September 18, IMBES'ei-lal;Nowfiwjd l'g-" (Char-4 9;

13,,aC lai-n s.

This invention relates: to; ardry shaver: and-has for an object. to providerandmproized dry shaver which .-iscmanua11yoperated:for.. rotatingraaspiral cutting; member alternately .inopposite, directions to .clip hairs -cleanlyafromsthefiface p or; elsewhere without danger of abrading the skin.

mfurther object: of this) invention isztomroitide a.:.manua]iy operated: dry shaventhatenablea one to ,eliminate the;- necessity; fOIfvaQSOUICGJ oft'elece tricity iniusing amechanicaltrazor;

A "further object of. this inventiorris, to i provide a manuallyiand me chanicallyzoperable dry shaver which uses a manually. operated power stroke for rotating acutter spiral;in onadirectionin a hair cutting-l operationand; simultaneously stores-1. .111 energy in. a: spring: f or; rotatingxthespiral, inv'nthe opposite direction, whichrreveltse rotation may. be used ;either as, a hairi cutting; operation; ommay besused'as. merely a return movement of the spiral in;,preparation for r ther, next: manually-powered rotation of the spiraL;

A: furthenobjectotthis:inventionvisetoipmvide a:,-, dry shaver which: utilizing;.;the same sprinciples of;- operation, may;bemade;with assinglecut-r ter -spi-ral in: the -head, ;.and; likewise mam-bemade W th:- a; plurali y of t hair-cutting Spira1$ ini the head; two, three four or more, as may-be desired;

A further object of this invention-gis tomprOi ide aadry shaver having a:c1 ea-n ing\ brushrinycombiq nation therewith for, cleaning:=;the; cutting; spiral, which. brush may bemoved; inte and 1 out offthe brushing position, and,whereinthe brushing position is located on the side opposite the haircut-j ting side of the shaverhead.

A further object of this invention isa? dry shaver utilizing a cutter spiral which does znot need any gear train to transmit the-powen-from a hand operated 1ever,-b1.1tinstead, utilizesa man: ually advanced and spring power retracted driver ball point operating directly in the s1o,t oi the. cutter spiral, cooperating with the, sides of. the slot but out of contact with thecuttinggedges thereof.

Afurther object of this invention isytorprovide a dry'shaver which in one form: has: a cutter being understood thatjvarious changes-in the fonm andi minorrdetaiisvoit the eonstruction may be: made-withou cdepa tinaifrom;t hetspiriti. and

Y scope of; the-invention.

Fig}: 1 515 a-iiside viewi, showinggthe closede'side of the. housingio {the dry shaver ofwthisi-inwentiom Fig 2i risi,:a.=fr ont;;viewa of the complete-gory shaver;

Ei'gr 3;gista sideeviewtfromithe-opposite;sideaof Fi isa;seetionalzviewszontline 4+4 ;of;;1?ig;;.3;; sea; to vvieiiizot the cutter: spiralahead,

Fi'ea .enredee viewotithemanuaHy-bperabie .sprineetvpe driver; I

i'l rr, is avsidetviewtot' Eigsflgn.

- isia sideviewmtza four cuttercspiraltiorm of thistin ntion;

Fig. 10 1831a; rout;wiewioi.?,Fig;;9;'.partlytbroken e c e otatabieshell: onithe;driver ball pointzz Bier}? aideta, ,showing; the cooperation or hfi lii lfir uidl thaxdriverr bail]: zpointii andg-zthe spiral cutter; aswell-ztasithe; cutterspiralrcleaner rush carriedpmthe;drivers?and;

There isrshewnaatvzn the; complete dry shaver oi thzl'ss, inventiondnsa formliavingi a-isingle -cutter, ut (the principles; and amost 1-; ofxi'thex detailswof the *one cutter; form-- likewise apply ttorany ofithe miiliii-cntten forms ;sho.wn.;in ;-Eigs; Qtto; I3';i inc1u+ sive eandi'identical; :referenee :numeralsrarez applied; where 'the details=aare: identicali Thee dry shaveneineludesr a :ahous'ing 2 I; shapedssoniewhat as showm havingi -a-.;front wall' 22:andback wall '3iiboth' cut'iawayuinaarhalfvmoomascattz liialong onerzedge and sjoinedvrtogether 'by'an edger-wanna along the; oppositeiedge; the bottoms being; con nested my. azcurved extension: 2 BF-ot the :edgeirwall 25*; this) curvedzext'ensionu:endingiwheratlie. half? moorrcutawaysilMeommeneee'v The upper end of the .=-housingi2:l isyopentgand abcve: thezcutaiways 'Zlithe =frontand=rbackrwa11s 3 are joined by a short edge wall 21. Journaled in the short edge wall 21 and the upper end of the housing edge wall 25 is a cutter spiral 28. The cutter spiral 28 consists of a cylindrical member 38 having one or more cutter spiral grooves 3| extending along and in the cylindrical surface thereof. In the cutter grooves, the edges 32, where the grooves extend through the cylindrical surface, are sharpened so as to provide a Cutting effect. If one groove is used as a driving groove 29 without also being a cutter groove, its edges are dull or smooth. Projecting from the ends of the cylindrical member 38, in aligmnent with the longitudinal axis thereof, are a pair of stub shafts 33. As shown in the various figures, the

helix of the spiral groove may be varied as desired,

and in the multi-cutter forms 28 ,,203: and- 28 may be in opposite directions.

Holes 34 in the

edge walls

25 and 21 provide bearings for journaling the stub shafts 33 of the cutter spiral 28. In order to rotate the spiral 28, a spring type driver 35 is provided in the form of a J-shaped spring arm whose short arm 35 is securely fastened as by rivets 31 to the inside of the lower end of the edge wall 25. Extending from the end of long arm 38 of the driver 35 is a neck 39 terminating in a ball point 40, of such diameter that it fits entirely within the cutter spiral groove 3|. Inasmuch as the ballpoint 40 is below the surface of the cylindrical member 30, it does not contact the cutting edges 32 of the spiral groove 3|, and the neck 39, being smaller than the diameter of the ball point 48 or of the groove 3 I, likewise cannot contact the groove cutter edges 32. As shown in Fig. 16, the ball point 40 may be enveloped in a shell 4! rotatable thereon and adapted to have a film of lubricating material therein, thus making a substantially frictionless driving point.

As shown in Fig. 5, the cutter spiral 28 has only one groove; In Figs. 17 and 18, two grooves are shown in the cutter spiral. In Figs. 14 and 15, four grooves are shown. When there are more than a'single groove, the driver point 40 may extend into a cutter groove 3| with cutting edges 32, the same way in Figs. 17 and 18 as it does in Fig. 5, or instead, one of the multiple grooves may have dull or non-cutting edges, and such groove would be merely a driving groove 29. This is shown in Figs. 14 and 15, and, of course, may be equally applicable to any multi-groove form, including those shown in Figs. and 13. In the multi-groove form with a driving groove 29, as in Figs. 14 and 15, the driving point 48, although shown as a ball point, need not necessarily be'a ball point, due to the absence of any cutting edges, but may be a cylindrical pin completely filling the groove.

In order to maintain the spiral driving ball point 40 within the driving groove, guide pins 42 integrally extending from the opposite edges of driver arm 38 cooperate with guide slots 43 formed in the front and back walls of the housing 2! and parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutter spiral 28. When the dry shaver 20 is grasped in the hand and squeezed against the long arm 38 of the driver 25, the driver will be moved towards and to the position shown in dotand-dash at 38 in Fig. 4, and the ball point 40 will cause the cutter'spiral 28 to rotate. When the squeezing pressure is then released, the spring properties of the driver 35 will restore it'to its original position, reversing the rotation of the cutter spiral 28 as it does so.

Fitted over thetop end of the housing 2| is a shaver jacket or slotted comb member 44, halfround in shape, and provided with a great plurality of parallel slots 45. When the shaver is held against and moved over the face, the beard hairs will project into these slots 45, and the rota tion of the spiral cutter 28, under squeezing action, will cut them off cleanly and as close to the skin as the thickness of the jacket permits. Due to the pressure against the skin, the hair roots will bulge slightly, thus making the cutting action take place on a plane substantially identical with the surface of the skin. If desired, the shaver may be held against the skin during the reverse rotation of the cutter spiral under the spring action, or it may be slightly relieved therefrom.

In order toremove the hair clippings from the cutter 28, a brush 46 is provided on a base 41 in the form of a collar slidably and frictionally embracing the sides of driver arm 38, enabling the brush ends to be advanced into cleaning contact within the housing against the spiral cutter 28, and thereafter to be retracted therefrom when cleaning is completed. To clean the cutter spiral, it is actuated while the brush is in contact therewith.

While the guide slots 43 are shown as being formed in the housing front and back walls in the form disclosed in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, it is obvious that a separate frame member 48, as in Figs. 17 and 18, may be provided for these guide slots 43 and the bearing holes 34, and that they can be attached and assembled with the upper end of the housing in any suitable manner.

In Figs. 9 to 13, inclusive, several multi-cutter forms 20*, 2|] and 20 of this invention are shown, with the shaving heads 58, 5| and 52 placed at an angle to the plane of the housing so that they may be comfortably held against the skin on the face in the shaving operation. In these forms, the upper ends of the housings are formed into. or provided with, box-like units 53 in whose side walls 54 are located the bearing holes 34 for stub shafts 33 of the spiral cutters 28. The top and bottom walls 55 of the box-like units 53 are provided with the guide slots 43 to receive the guide pins 42' formed on an angle bar 56 extending from the driver 35', so as to maintain the driver ball points, one for each cutter spiral, within the spiral grooves for rotating the cutter spirals. As shown, the grooves of these several multi-cutter head cutter spirals may extend in opposite direction.

Shaver jackets or comb members 44 with slots 45' of a size and shape to fit over the plurality of cutter spirals are fitted over the box-like unit 53 and provide cooperating shearing members for each of the spiral cutters.

In operation, the

dry shaver

20, 20 20 or 20 is held in the hand at a comfortable angle on the face, and the driver is squeezed and released alternately causing the cutter spirals to be rotated with the jackets and clip the hairs extending through the jacket slots. The presence of the angular head in the multi-cutter forms determines the manner of holding the dry shaver in the hand, but in the single cutter form at 26, the shaver may be held so as to be squeezed by either the thumb or the fingers, as desired. From time to time, the brush 46 may be moved to cleaning position. In addition, the shaver jackets may be frictionally held in position, and be easily removable, permitting ready cleaning of the cutter spirals.

While certain desirable embodiments of the auspice regarded as broadlyinclusive. of any and all.

modifications fallingwwithin the scope. of the appended claims;

Whatds claimed :is:

1. A dry. shaver. comprising aehousing, a spirally groovedcutter. means journaled *at. one end.

of saidhousing, a slotted combmember on said housing; end; in. cooperative.juxtaposition with said spiral; cutter means, 11188111511601: alternately rotating. said: spiral. cutter; means, in opposite .di.-

rections, said rotating means comprising a spring.

driver member, one end ofewhichsis-securedto said'housingandthe other-end; of which. comprises a spiral grooveengagingpoint, cooperative guide means'onsaiddrivermember adjacent said point end and: on. said. housing. maintaining said point; in driving engagement. within the groove in saidspirally groovedcutter'means, said housing-being cutaway: along at least a portion;.of oneside providing operative access .to. said driver member-whereby. said housing. may be manually held. in shaving position to depress and release saidspring; driver memberr to alternately, rotate said; spiral cutter means.

I 2.. A dry shaver. comprising a. housing, a spirally grooved cutter means. journaledjat one'end of saidihousing,;a; slotted comhmember on said housing: end. in. cooperative juxtaposition with saidspiralcutter means, means, for alternately rotating saidspiral. cutter. means in oppositedirections, said rotatingv means comprising. a spring driver member one end of which is secured to saidhousing and the otherendof which comprises a spiral groove engaging-point, a friction reducing. member on said-point, cooperative guide means on. saiddriver member adjacent said point end and on said housing maintaining; said point.

in driving'engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing beingcutaway along at least asportion of one side providing operative. access. to. said. driver member whereby saidhousing; may be manually held in shaving position todepress. and release said spring drivermember to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

3. Adry shaver comprising a. housing, a spirally. grooved cutter means journaled at one end of said. housing, said. spirally grooved cutter means comprising a plurality of individual cutter members, the grooves in: adjacent cutter members' extending in. opposite directions, aslotted combmemberxon said housing. end in cooperative juxtaposition. with said spiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprisinga spring driver member one end of which. is secured tosaid housing and the other end of which comprises a spiral groove engaging point, cooperative guide means on said driver memberv adjacent said point end and on said housing maintaining said point in-driving engagement within the groove in. said spirally grooved cutter means; said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providingoperative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held. in shaving position to depress and release said spring. driver member to, alternately rotate-said spiral cutter means.

4. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means journaled at one end of saidhousing; .a: .slottedxcomzb; memberr ua idr housing end: in; cooperative. juxtaposition; with; saidspiral. cutter means,.: means, for; alternately; rotating. said: spiral cutter means; in opposite directions,;sai,d rotatingmeans.comprising a spring, driver member one end, of, whichiszzseoured. to. saidphousing, andjthe otherendof' which com.- prisesaa. piral; groove: en a po nt; a co ar. slidablymounted;onsaid driver member, a brush based on-said collar.- ada-pted to be temporarily;

moved intocleaning. contact with said spiral cuttenmeans: withinsaidhousing, cooperative, guide means."v on said: .drivergmemberiadiacent saidpoint end anclzron saidqhousing maintaining. said point. in driving. engagementgwithin the, groove in said spirally groovedcutter-means, said :housing being cutaway :along; at: lea-stia. portion .ofuone; side-pro: viding: operative aceessto said. driver member, whereby: said housingrmay bemanually heldin shaving position to, depress'and release, said spring: driver member; to 1 alternately rotatesaid spiral cutter mean's..-..

5.. A. dry shaver:- comprising a housing. a spirally groovedcutter-means journaled at one endiof said housing, said1spirally grooved cutter means comprising; a;.- single.- cutter member, av slotted comb member" on: said; housing end in cooperative j uxtapositionzwith said spiral cuttermeans,rmeans for alternately rotating; said" spiral cutter means in oppositedire-ctions, said rotating means comprisinga-spring. driver'member one end of which .is- .securedtfto said :housi'ng and the. other-endof which comprises a spiral groove engaging, point, a. collar: slidablv;- mounted on; said driver member; a brush; based on said collar adapted to be temporarilyrmoved into cleaning. contact. With, said spiral. cutter means within said housing, cooperative guidemeanson said driver member adjacent; said. point end andon said housing maintainingsaid point 'in driving. engagement within the: groove in. said: spirally grooved cutter; means,. said' housing bein cutaway along atleasta portion of one side providing operative access to. said; driver member whereby said'housing may: be. manually held in shaving; position to.:depress andrelease said spring driver-memberto' alternately. rotatev said spiral cutter means.

6. Adryshaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means: journaled at one end of said housing, means for alternately rotating. said spiral cutter-means in, opposite directions, said rotating. means. comprising a. J-shaped spring driver-.membar one end of which is. secured to said housin and the other end of which comprises a ball point, said ball point engaging said spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver; memberadjacent said ball point end and on said housing, maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, saidhousing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side pro-- vidingz; operative access to said: driver member whereby said housing-'may' be manually he d in shaving position vto depress andrelease said spring driver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

7. A. dry shaver comprising -a housing, spirally grooved cutter means journaled at one endof said housing, a slotted comb. member removably mounted on: said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with said'spir-al cuttermeans, means for alternately rotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J-shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, a friction reducing member on said ball point comprising an enveloping shell rotatably mounted thereon, said ball point engaging said spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providing operative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held in shavin position to depress and release said sprin driver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

8. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means journaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter means comprising a single cutter member, a slotted comb member removably mounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J-shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, said ball point engaging said cutter means within said spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providing operative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held in shaving position to depress and release said spring driver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

9, A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means journaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter means comprising a plurality of individual cutter members, a slotted comb member removably mounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J -shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, said ball point engaging said cutter means within said spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway a ong at least a portion of one side providing operative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held in shaving position to depress and release said spring driver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

10. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spirally grooved cutter means journaled at one end of said housing, a slotted comb member removably mounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J-shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, a collar slidably mounted on said driver member, a brush based on said collar adapted to be temporarily moved into cleaning contact with said spiral cutter means within said housing, said ball point engaging said cutter means within its spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providing operative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held in shaving position to depress and release said spring driver member to alternately rotate said cutter spiral means.

11. A dry shaver comprising a housing, a spiral- 1y grooved cutter means journaled at one end of said housing, said spirally grooved cutter means comprising a plurality of individual cutter members, the grooves in adjacent cutter members extending in opposite directions, a slotted comb member removably mounted on said housing end in cooperative juxtaposition with said spiral cutter means, means for alternately rotating each of said spiral cutter means in opposite directions, said rotating means comprising a J -shaped spring driver member one end of which is secured to said housing and the other end of which comprises a ball point, said ball point engaging said cutter means within its spiral groove, cooperative guide means on said driver member adjacent said ball point end and on said housing maintaining said ball point in driving engagement within the groove in said spirally grooved cutter means, said housing being cutaway along at least a portion of one side providing operative access to said driver member whereby said housing may be manually held in shaving position to depress and release said spring driver member to alternately rotate said spiral cutter means.

12. In a dry shaver comprising a housing, a cylindrically spiralled cutter means journaled on its ends at one end of said housing, said cutter means having a plurality of spiral grooves, at least one of the grooves being a driving groove, the remaining grooves having sharpened cutter edges, and a spring driver member extending into said driving groove and movable therealong to impart rotation to said spiral cutter means.

13. In a dry shaver comprising a housing, a cylindrically spiralled cutter means journaled on its ends at one end of said housing, said cutter means having a plurality of spiral grooves, at least one of the grooves being a driving groove, the remaining grooves having sharpened cutter edges, and a spring driver member extending into said driving groove and movable therealong to impart rotation to said spiral cutter means, the edges of the driving groove also being sharpened.

FRANK POLLIFRONE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 489,995 Stenberg Jan. 17, 1893 1,543,387 Kawelle June 23, 1925 2,184,180 Fairey Dec. 19, 1939 2,402,233 Beatty June 18, 1946