US2380461A - Safety razor with a comb member co-operating with one or more cutters - Google Patents

Description

P. H. PEDERSEN a-rm. RAZORS WITH A COMB MEMBER (JO-OPERATING 7 WITH ONE OR MORE CUTTERS Filed may 7, 1942 SAFETY Jilly 31.,

a 4 j I v .Z' MJ erto rs Q fflfed gz'sefl/ l Patented July 31, 1945 SAFETY RAZOR WITH A COMB MEMBER (JO-OPERATING WITH ONE OR MORE CUTTERS Peter Harald Pedersen, Copenhagen, and Herman Nielsen, Buddinge pr. Soborg, Denmark; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application May 7,1942, Serial No. 442,096

Denmark May 10, 1941 2 Claims. (c1. 30 -43) Razors are known which work according to the principle known from hair cutting machines,

In the newer motor-driven razors of this kind the comb member is stationary, while the cutting member which usually has a ring of cutters, is able to move-in its own plane inxclose contact with the inner surface of the-comb member. In contradistinction' to what is the case inhaircutting machines, the comb member must be very thin in order that the rest of the beard hairs remaining after the shave shall not be of any considerable" length, and this for one thingv is a reason why the comb member generally has not the shape of a comb any more, which would be far too unstable, but is shaped as a surfac with slits or openings. The slits may e. g. be parallel when the cutting member has a reciprocating motion, or radial when the cutting member ro tates in a plane parallel to the inner surface of the comb member. Similarly we do not, when in the following the term comb member isused, refer to the shape of the member, which need not bear any resemblance to acomb, but only to its action which is the same as the, action oi the really comb-shaped members in the hair cutting machines, from which the before mentioned razors have developed.

openings, while at the same time an easy and gentle shave is obtained.

The comb member may be rotatable around a spindle in the razor, whereby the comb member performs a rotative motion during the shave. The cutter or cutters are fitted stationarily or so as to be able to move only in a slight degree inside the comb surface, which has the advantage that the construction is thereby made simple. The comb member may e. g. have the form of a cylinder.

In order to attain the play-free contact necessary for a gentle cutting of the beard hairs between the cutter or cutters and the inner surface of the e. g. drum-shaped comb member, the cutter or cutters may be held on to the latter by spring pressure. This may, however, entail the drawback that the beard hairs, which may be only partly ,cut through at the moment when the travel of the razor across the skin is stopped, will stick in the razor, so that a pull is exerted in the The aim of this invention is now a razor with a comb member co-operatimwith one or more cutters and furnished with op mines, in which razor the comb member is freely movable in relation to the razor, whereby the relative motion between the comb member and the cutter or cutters, by which the cutting-oil! oi" the beard hairs is efiected, is eflected by the comb member, when the razor is moved across the skin, being held, in part by its friction against the skin, in part by the projection of the beard hairs into the openings 01 the comb member.

Hereby is attained in part that the use of motor power may be altogether avoided, in part that the comb member, when the razor is moved across the skin, will not as in the hitherto known razors slide across the skin, butwill on the contrary rest firmly in relation to it, whereby the beard hairs will easily find their way in throush the comb hairs when the razor is removed from the skin. In order to avoid this drawback the razor may be arranged so that the geometrical axis or the drum may be able to move slightly in relation to the cuttingedge or cutting edges, so that the inside 01 the drum may get out of contact with the cutting member when the razor is not held on to the skin, but on the other hand will be held in close contact with the cutting edge or cutting edges, when the razor is held pressed against the skin.

In the following the invention will be further explained in connection with the description of some embodiments which are given only as examples, to whichthe invention is not bound, and which are shown schematically on the drawing, on which I I Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the new razor with a drum-shaped comb member, shown in perspective view,

Fig. 2 an embodiment of the holder and drum with parts fitted in it, partly in sectional view The drum 3 has sharp-edged openings 5 through which the beard hairs may project into the interior of the drum. Here one or more cutters, not shown, are in contact with the smooth inner surface of the drum. Care must be taken during the shave that the razor is held in such a position that the cutter is situated just inside the surface of the drum 3 that is in touch with the skin. To facilitate this there may be several cutters, or the cutters may be adjustable in relation to the holder. As there are limitations as to how large a part of the cylinder surface the openings 5 in the drum may take up, it will as a rule be possible during each cutting action to cut off only part of the beard hairs within the surface of the skin, across which the razor has been moved, for which reason the operation must be repeated some times, which may, however, be done easily and gently, as no soap or other shaving means is required.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 2 and 3 one branch 6 of the holder is connected tothe spindle 4 at one side, while the other branch 1 of the holder can turn in a joint 8, so that it can be turned to one side, so that the drum may be taken out when the razor is to be cleaned.

The drum 3 with openings 5 is in rigid connection with an end plate 9, which may be turned around and at the removal be shifted along the spindle 4. The other, open end of the drum is pushed in over a disc I0 that is accommodated rotatably on the spindle 4. A cutter holder I I with a number of staying discs I2 is fitted rigidly to the spindle 4. In the said staying discs and in the cutter holder a slit I3 is milled out, in which a cutter I4, which is from behind stayed by a spring I5, is inserted. When the parts are fitted into their places as shown, the cutter I4 will rest with a slightly resilient pressure against the inner surface of the drum 3. By turning the branch 1 the drum may be taken off, and the cutter and the inner space of the drum cleaned of hairs.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the cutters I4 are accommodated so as to be able to turn around a pin I6 in one branch of the holder I. At the back the cutter has side extensions I1, one of which is accommodated around the pin I6, while the other engages with a fork I8 in the other branch of the holder. On the cutter is inserted a drum holder I9 which has a milled-out recess into which the cutter fitsand the depth of which is slightly larger than the breadth of the cutter. Just like the cutter holder I I in Figs. 2 and 3 the drum holder I9 has protruding staying discs I2. The ends of the drum holder are turned so as to form bearing surfaces, in part for the end plate 9 rigidly connected to the drum, in part for the disc III which stays the other end of the drum. By turning the cutter around the pin IS the drum may be taken off.

The mode of operation of the embodiment shown in Figs. 4 and 5 is as follows. When the razor is pressed against the skin, the drum and the drum holder yield to the pressure, so that the inner surface of the drum gets in close contact with the cutting edge of the cutter I4. When, however, the razor is not pressed against the skin, the drum holder I9, as the milled-out recess 20 of the latter has a depth that is larger than the breadth of the cutter I4, may be shifted so much that the inner surface of the drum gets out of contact with the cutting edge, so that e. g. no jamming of the beard hairsmay take place. This mutual shiftability or mobility between the geometrical axis of the drum and the cutting edge has proved very expedient and may also be effected by other means, e. g. by the drum being accommodated with a certain suitable play.

In Figs. 6 and '7 is shown another embodiment of the cutting member, the latter having a number of cutting edges 2 I, in the figure six, which are placed in a star formation. The cutting member may as shown be inserted on a non-round centre piece 33 of the spindle 4. When, as shown, the non-round centre piece is hexagonal, any of the cutting edges may, as it be desired, be placed in the positions that are preferably used during the shave.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 is shown a cutting member which has many cutting edges 2| placed obliquely in relation to the direction of motion of the drum surface.

Finally in Fig. 11 is shown a cutter holder 23 mounted rigidly on the spindle 4, which cutter holder carries a changeable cutter 24 formed as a thin blade.

In Fig. 12 the comb member consists of a plateshaped surface with a flat central part 25 and a conical outer part 26 which is the comb surface proper and which is therefore provided with openings 5. The comb member is fitted so as to be able to turn around a pin 21 at the end of the handle 2. The latter carries on its side by means of an arm 28 a cutter holder 29 with a cutter 30 in such a position, that when the comb member is pressed lightly against the skin with the part in line with the cutter it will be brought to rest with its inner surface against the cutter all along the edge of the cutter.

As to details the invention may be constructed in many other ways than those shown and described without getting beyond its scope. Thus the comb member may have many other shapes. e. g., be conical, ball-shaped, spindle-shaped. or shaped as a cylinder sector, rotatable in a way similar to that of the drums shown, but over an angle smaller than 360. The openings 5 in the comb member may consist of a very large number of small, e. g., round holes which must be sharpedged on the inside, or of slits, which may e. g. run parallel or in one or more oblique directions to the axis of the drum or the generatrix of the e. g. conical part 26.

The rolling motion of the comb member across the skin is ensured by the penetration of the beard stubbles into the holes on the surface of the drum, whereby slipping of the comb member is prevented, the stubbles acting like the teeth in a rack, thereby offering the necessary resistance for the cutting of the beard hairs.

We claim:

1. The combination in a razor of a handle, a U shaped holder member secured to one end of the handle, one of the arms of the U shaped member being provided with a forked end, a pivot pin mounted near the end of the second arm of the U shaped member, a cutter having one of its ends pivotally mounted on said pin whereby it may be swung about said pin into operative and inoperative position, the end of said cutter away from said pin being detachably connected to the forked end of said U shaped member, a cutter holder which provides a comb support slidably engaged with the cutter and extending lengthwisethereof, and cylindrical comb means detachably and rotatably mounted on said cutterholder.

2. The combination in a razor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cutter holder is provided with bearing surfaces at its opposite ends and wherein said comb means comprises a hollow cylindrical member provided with a plurality of openings through the body thereof through which hairs project during operation of the razor, a pair of 15 the bearing surface of said cutter holder which is adjacent the pivot pin for the cutter holder,

one end of said cylindrical member fixed to the second disc, said cylindrical member being slipped over said cutter holder when mounted foroperation and said cylindrical member when mounted overthe cutter having its free end and the rotatable disc adjacent said pivot pin engagedvwith each other and the disc fixed to the cylindrical member rotatably supported on the bearing surdiscs, one of said discs mounted for rotation on

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