US2450045A - Apparatus for the treatment of textile strands - Google Patents

Apparatus for the treatment of textile strands Download PDF

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Publication number
US2450045A
US2450045A US472460A US47246043A US2450045A US 2450045 A US2450045 A US 2450045A US 472460 A US472460 A US 472460A US 47246043 A US47246043 A US 47246043A US 2450045 A US2450045 A US 2450045A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
stretching
yarns
treatment
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US472460A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jackson Thomas
Hill Frank Brentnall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US495095A priority Critical patent/US2425037A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2450045A publication Critical patent/US2450045A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/223—Stretching in a liquid bath
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0481—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement the filaments passing through a tube
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/222—Stretching in a gaseous atmosphere or in a fluid bed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/73—Processes of stretching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/15—Pressurized gas treatment of textiles

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile and other materials and particularly with improvements in processes and apparatus for the treatment of yarns and other materials in a closed chamber with fluid media during their travel from one point to another.
  • the known apparatus for the treatment of yarns and other materials during their travel from one point to another with fluid treatment media comprise a substantially closed chamber, into which the materials pass through oriflces which have dimensions only slightly greater than those of the cross-sections of the material in order to reduce loss of treatment medium as far as possible.
  • a substantially closed chamber into which the materials pass through oriflces which have dimensions only slightly greater than those of the cross-sections of the material in order to reduce loss of treatment medium as far as possible.
  • the presentdnvention relates to an improved fluid treatment apparatus which is much simpler to thread-up than the known apparatus.
  • the apparatus comprises a substantially closed chamber for treatment fluid provided with an injector which serves as inlet orifice for the materials.
  • the invention also includes processes in which.
  • More than one injector may be provided in a chamber if required.
  • a very satisfactory form of injector comprises a central tube through which the materials pass and which is surrounded by a larger tube forming with the inner tube an annulus through which the fluid producing the induced fluid current'is forced.
  • Either fluid may e. g., be steam, water, air or an inert gas.
  • the accompanying drawing shows diagrammatically one suitable form of apparatus for carrying out the present invention-
  • yarns I are drawn by feed rolls I from packages I on a creel l and introduced into a substantially closed pressure chamber I provided with an inlet oriflce I and an outlet oriflce I for the yarns.
  • the yarns are positively drawn through the treatment or pressure chamber I by means of positively driven feed rolls I and are taken up on bobbins or pack-.
  • the chamber 5 is provided with a pressure gauge II, a relief valve II and a drain I! for withdrawing water from the chamber.
  • the inlet orifice I of the chamber is fltted with an inJector device ll. which comprises a central tube ll through which the yarns pass. the tube It being provided with a valve-controlled water inlet It, and an outer tube It surrounding the inner tube and forming therewith an annular passage l'i. Air or other fluid medium, such as steam, is introduced into this annular space through the valved inlet II to produce an injector action and draw air and the yarns through the central tube into the stretching or treatment chamber.
  • an inJector device ll. which comprises a central tube ll through which the yarns pass.
  • the tube being provided with a valve-controlled water inlet It, and an outer tube It surrounding the inner tube and forming therewith an annular passage l'i.
  • Air or other fluid medium, such as steam is introduced into this annular space through the valved inlet II to produce an injector action and draw air and the yarns through the central tube into the stretching or treatment chamber.
  • the present invention is of chief importance in connection with the stretching of artificial yarns having a basis of an organic derivative of cellulose.
  • the tenacity of such artiflcial yarns can be increased by stretching them in the presence of a suitable softening agent, one of the most important methods of stretching such materials being based upon the use of saturated or wet steam under pressure as the softening agent.
  • a suitable softening agent one of the most important methods of stretching such materials being based upon the use of saturated or wet steam under pressure as the softening agent.
  • Such a process has been described in U. 8. Patent No. 2,142,722 which describes stretching operations carried out while the yarns pass through a substantially closed chamber containing saturated or wet steam and provided with inlet and outlet orifices for the yarns.
  • the preferred form of apparatus in accordance with the present invention provides a means of attaining the same result in a simpler manner and avoiding the necessity for an end-chamber.
  • the preferred form of apparatus comprises a substantially closed stretching chamber which is provided with a special form of injector which serves both as an inlet for the yarn and also for the introduction, continuously with stretchwall of the stretching chamber, comprises a cen-.
  • the injector may e. g. be 1 to 3 inches in length and A; to 1 inch in di- A stretching chamber may be provided with a number of injectors so that a number'of ends of yarn can be stretched, but it is preferred to have only one injector in a chamber.
  • the yarn is taken from a source of supply, e. g., a
  • the outlet may be drilled in a threaded disc, having a diameter of e. g., /2-1 inch, which screws into a socket in a wall of the chamber.
  • the injector air current carries the yarn through the comparatively large opening, when it can be hand-threaded through the orifice in the disc, after which the disc is screwed into the socket.
  • the yarn When threading-up of the apparatus has been completed the yarn is passed through the stretching chamber, steam is introduced through the annular passage of the injector and the valve on the water inlet i opened and water passed through the central tube in contact with the yarn.
  • the yarn thus emerges from the injector carrying with it a film of water and comes immediately into contact with steam. It is thus brought very rapidly from-an unsoftened condition to asoftened condition in which it is suitable for stretching, and, moreover, any risk of its coming into contact with patches of dry steam is eliminated.
  • the stretching conditions employed in using the novel apparatus are similar to those employed in the stretching operations described in
  • the pressure of the water entering the chamber is, however, higher, and preferably substantially higher than that of the steam used.
  • the pressure difference may, for instance, be about 5 pounds per square inch but usually better results are obtained if water is employed, e. g., at a pressure of 10, or pounds per square inch higher than that of the steam.
  • the temperature of the water is preferably low, for example from atmospheric temperature up to or C.
  • the steam pressure employed will depend upon the steam temperature required and this again will depend primarily upon the degree of stretch and also to some extent on the particular type of yarn being stretched.
  • steam temperatures of between 135 and 142C. are generally most suitable.
  • the steam pressure gauge
  • the water pressure between 35 and pounds per square inch.
  • Stretching and other treatments of yarns and other materials with fluid media may be carried out while the materials are travelling in a horizontal plane or at an angle to' the horizontal.
  • Particular advantages are obtained when the treatment is carried out with the injector and treatment chamber in a vertical position or substantially so, so that materials travel vertically or substantially so.
  • Such an arrangement reduces the floor space occupied by the apparatus and also render the whole apparatus much more accessible to the operatives.
  • the operation in question is the stretching of yarns and other materials of an organic derivative of cellulose we have found that upward stretching should be eflected, much better results being obtained by this method than when the materials travel downwards during the operation.
  • a further advantage of this method of stretching when wet steam is employed is that lower steam temperatures are required in order to obtain the optimum results.
  • orifices having diameters of about 0.02", 0.03" or 0.04" are suitable for yarns having an initial denier of about 1000, larger orifices being required if yarns of substantially greater denier are treated.
  • the diameters of the yarn input and output orifices may vary from about 0.05" to 0.1" and of the injector orifice from about 0.09" to 0.14".
  • the length of the stretching or other treatment chamber will also depend upon the denier of the yarn and other factors. For example, with yarns having an initial denier of about 1,000 suitable lengths are about 6, 9 or 12" whereas with yarns or slivers having initial deniers of 10,000 or 20,000 it is usually desirable to increase the length, for example. to 20 or 30".
  • the diameter of the stretching chamber may vary, for example, from 1 or 2" to 4" or more.
  • the apparatus described in the present application renders it possible to obtain yarns of high quality at high stretching speeds, for example at take-up speeds of 150 to 300 metres per minute or more.
  • the iniector is positioned in a wall of a stretching chamber which may have a diameter several times as great as that of the injector.
  • the use of the apparatus according to the present invention has been described principally in relation to the stretching of yarns made of an Organic derivative of cellulose in saturated or wet steam, since it is for this purpose that the apparatus is of greatest importance. It will be appreciated. however, that its value is not confined to such an operation. It may be employed, for instance, in stretching yarns and other materials, for example ribbons, having a basis of other substances, particularly thermoplastic substances. e. g., polyamides or p lyvinyl compounds. The apparatus may also be employed for stretching operations in which the stretch-assisting agent is water or other liquid. Its use is further not confined to stretching operations but extends to all fluid treatments of materials carried out during their passage through a substantially closed treatment chamber.
  • injector type of orifice which forms the principal feature of the present invention is of chief importance when it is employed not only as an automatic means of threading-up but also as a means of introducing treatment fluid it can also be employed solely for threading up purposes. In such cases the water inlet into the central tube can be dispensedwith.
  • Apparatus for the treatment of yarns and similar materials during their passage from one point to another which comprises a substantially closed treatment chamber.
  • an injector positioned in a wall of said chamber having an inner member serving as an inlet orifice for the materials and adapted to be connected to a water supply, and an outer member adapted to produce an induced current of air through the inner member into the chamber and to be connected at will either to a compressed air supply or to a supply of wet steam, and an outlet orifice for the exit of the materials from the chamber.
  • Apparatus for the treatment of yarns and similar materials during their passage from one point to another which comprises, in combination with a positively driven forwarding device adapted to feed the materials to the chamber and a positively driven forwarding device adapted to draw the materials from the chamber at' a rate faster than that at which they are fed to the chamber by the first mentioned forwarding device, a substantially closed treatment chamber, an injector positioned in a wall of said chamber having an inner member serving as an inlet orifice for the materials and adapted to be connected to a water supply, and an outer member adapted to produce an induced current of air through the inner member into the chamber and to be connected at will either to a compressed air supply or to a supply of wet steam, and an outlet orifice vfor the exit of the materials from the chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US472460A 1942-07-11 1943-01-15 Apparatus for the treatment of textile strands Expired - Lifetime US2450045A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US495095A US2425037A (en) 1942-07-11 1943-07-17 Fluid treating apparatus for yarns

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9667/42A GB558958A (en) 1942-07-11 1942-07-11 Improvements in or relating to fluid treatments of yarns and similar materials
GB1428242 1942-10-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2450045A true US2450045A (en) 1948-09-28

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ID=26243087

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US472460A Expired - Lifetime US2450045A (en) 1942-07-11 1943-01-15 Apparatus for the treatment of textile strands

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2450045A (fr)
BE (1) BE478156A (fr)
CH (1) CH274190A (fr)
DE (1) DE916457C (fr)
FR (1) FR957895A (fr)
GB (1) GB558958A (fr)
NL (1) NL74030C (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520202A (en) * 1946-01-21 1950-08-29 Celanese Corp Treatment of filaments, foils, and similar articles
US2586800A (en) * 1946-10-23 1952-02-26 Celanese Corp Apparatus for the treatment of filamentary materials
US2920346A (en) * 1957-08-09 1960-01-12 Jori Luciano Thread stretching device for wet spinning more particularly of viscose rayon
US3007225A (en) * 1959-10-06 1961-11-07 American Cyanamid Co Tow-processing apparatus
US3124859A (en) * 1959-11-03 1964-03-17 Yarn drawing apparatus
US3166886A (en) * 1960-01-12 1965-01-26 Hoechst Ag Process for working up stretched aromatic polyester filaments
US3468002A (en) * 1966-03-25 1969-09-23 Scragg & Sons Yarn bulking apparatus
US3774384A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-11-27 Leesona Corp Yarn processing post treatment
US4059668A (en) * 1973-11-13 1977-11-22 Monsanto Company Method of stretching a tow
US20030033699A1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2003-02-20 Frank Ficker Process and apparatus for the stretching textile fibers
US6739025B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2004-05-25 Hong Kong Polytechnic University Method of improving properties of open end yarn

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2425037A (en) * 1942-07-11 1947-08-05 British Celanese Fluid treating apparatus for yarns
PL285328A1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1991-01-28 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Apparatus for and method of expsing fibre cables to treatment with a liquid
US5165940A (en) * 1992-04-23 1992-11-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Spinneret

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1871100A (en) * 1928-05-09 1932-08-09 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for manipulating textile materials
US2131409A (en) * 1936-04-09 1938-09-27 Chatillon Italiana Fibre Washing, desulphurizing, bleaching, finishing, and like treatments of artificial yarns
US2142913A (en) * 1937-03-25 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Treatment of filaments, foils, and the like
US2142912A (en) * 1937-01-13 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Treatment of cellulose derivative materials
US2142722A (en) * 1935-02-01 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Manufacture of cellulose derivative materials
US2203678A (en) * 1937-04-01 1940-06-11 Dursteler Wilhelm Method and apparatus for the continuous wet treatment of webs of textile material
US2371579A (en) * 1941-10-09 1945-03-13 Amercian Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1871100A (en) * 1928-05-09 1932-08-09 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for manipulating textile materials
US2142722A (en) * 1935-02-01 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Manufacture of cellulose derivative materials
US2131409A (en) * 1936-04-09 1938-09-27 Chatillon Italiana Fibre Washing, desulphurizing, bleaching, finishing, and like treatments of artificial yarns
US2142912A (en) * 1937-01-13 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Treatment of cellulose derivative materials
US2142913A (en) * 1937-03-25 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Treatment of filaments, foils, and the like
US2203678A (en) * 1937-04-01 1940-06-11 Dursteler Wilhelm Method and apparatus for the continuous wet treatment of webs of textile material
US2371579A (en) * 1941-10-09 1945-03-13 Amercian Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2520202A (en) * 1946-01-21 1950-08-29 Celanese Corp Treatment of filaments, foils, and similar articles
US2586800A (en) * 1946-10-23 1952-02-26 Celanese Corp Apparatus for the treatment of filamentary materials
US2920346A (en) * 1957-08-09 1960-01-12 Jori Luciano Thread stretching device for wet spinning more particularly of viscose rayon
US3007225A (en) * 1959-10-06 1961-11-07 American Cyanamid Co Tow-processing apparatus
US3124859A (en) * 1959-11-03 1964-03-17 Yarn drawing apparatus
US3166886A (en) * 1960-01-12 1965-01-26 Hoechst Ag Process for working up stretched aromatic polyester filaments
US3468002A (en) * 1966-03-25 1969-09-23 Scragg & Sons Yarn bulking apparatus
US3774384A (en) * 1972-02-28 1973-11-27 Leesona Corp Yarn processing post treatment
US4059668A (en) * 1973-11-13 1977-11-22 Monsanto Company Method of stretching a tow
US20030033699A1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2003-02-20 Frank Ficker Process and apparatus for the stretching textile fibers
US6739025B2 (en) * 2001-02-06 2004-05-25 Hong Kong Polytechnic University Method of improving properties of open end yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB558958A (en) 1944-01-28
CH274190A (fr) 1951-03-31
FR957895A (fr) 1950-02-28
BE478156A (fr)
NL74030C (fr)
DE916457C (de) 1954-08-12

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