US2449228A - Coupling means for use with calculating, bookkeeping, or like machines - Google Patents

Coupling means for use with calculating, bookkeeping, or like machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2449228A
US2449228A US714295A US71429546A US2449228A US 2449228 A US2449228 A US 2449228A US 714295 A US714295 A US 714295A US 71429546 A US71429546 A US 71429546A US 2449228 A US2449228 A US 2449228A
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United States
Prior art keywords
relays
relay
contacts
circuits
contact
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Expired - Lifetime
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US714295A
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English (en)
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Hofgaard Rolf
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/06—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for externally-engaging brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
    • F16D11/02—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member
    • F16D11/06—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially, e.g. rotatable keys
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F7/00—Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
    • G06F7/38—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation
    • G06F7/40—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation using contact-making devices, e.g. electromagnetic relay
    • G06F7/42—Adding; Subtracting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coupling arrangement adapted to be used in electrical calculating machines, bookkeeping machines, coding and decoding machines, statistic machines, etc, and the object of the inventio-n is to provide a coupling arrangement for machines of this type in which numbers or letters are indicated by code signs, the individual elements of which may be combined to indicatea predetermined number or other value.
  • One object of the invention is to provide a coupling arrangement of this type which is adapted to carry out the necessary operations solely by means of switches or contacts connected in the different circuits of the coupling arrangement.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a coupling arrangement of the kind specified which is adapted to operate with a minimum number of relays and contacts and which is therefore simple and reliable.
  • the coupling arrangement in accordance with the present invention principally has for its object to connect one or more of a number of electrical circuits (output circuits) with a source of current in such a manner that the circuits are selected on one hand in accordance with electrical impulses supplied in accordance with apredetermined code and on the other hand in accordance with the circuit or circuits which have been connected to the source of current during a previous operation.
  • the coupling arrangement comprises two sets of electro-magnetically controlled switch relays interconnected in series, one set being adapted to receive impulses from an exterior source and the other set being adapted to transmit the impulses which have passed the first set of relays.
  • the number of relay-s in the first set corresponds to the number of units in the code utilised for introducing impulses
  • the number of relays in the second set corresponds to the number of output circuits which may be equalto or dif- 'ferent from the number of units in the code syscoupling arrangement may be of any convenient type of electro-magnetically controlled multiple contact relays, i. e., contact relays which simultaneously interrupt or close a number of contacts when actuated by an electrical impulse.
  • a relay of the type which is described in applicant's co-pending application Serial No. 714,070, filed December 4, 1946, and provided with a mechanically operated driving member and an electro-magnetic control mechanism which co-operates in such a manner that contacts of certain switches are moved from normal position to working position against spring action by means of the mechanical driving member and remain locked in working position when the electro-magnet is energized and are released from their working position so as to be moved back to normal position by spring action when the electro-magnet is de-energized.
  • This type of relay has the advantage amongst others that it will operate effectively by means of relatively weak electro-magnetic impulses.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a practical embodiment of the multiple contact relays used in normal position and working position respectively
  • Figure 4 illustrates on a smaller scale a set of such multiple contact relays corresponding to that illustrated in the coupling diagram.
  • the coupling arrangement comprises two sets of multiple contact relays ll, l2, I3, I4 and l5, l6, l1, l8, the first of which are controlled by intake circuits and correspond to the digits 4, 2, 2 and 1 in the code system, whereas the second set controls the output circuits and corresponds to the digits 1, 2, 2, 4 in the same code system.
  • the coupling arrangement comprises an auxiliary relay I'9, the object of which is to perform the couplings necessary for a carry transfor operation.
  • the intake circuits are indicated at 20, 2 I, 22, 23 and may be supplied with electrical impulses from a suitable coupling box 24 which is connected by means of,.a line 25 to the plus terminal of a battery 2B.
  • Each of the intake lines 20-23 are connected with electro-magnetic switches 21-28, 29-30,
  • 3l-32, 33-34 and corresponding electro-magnetic switches 35-35, 31-38, 39-40, 4l-42 and 43-44 are arranged in connection with multiple contact relays l5, l6, l1, l8 and I9.
  • the output lines from the coupling are indi catedwith 45, 46, 41 and 48 and represent the 3 digits 1, 2, 2 and 4 in the code system used for the intake lines.
  • Each multiple contact relay comprises a' number of contact arms which, when the relay receives an impulse, are moved from a resting contactto' coupling diagram, the electr c-magnetic switch 27; Z8 'is' self-closing so that after having received ari'impulse'it maintains the corresponding relay in working position until the contact is intermete- 1 by mechanical means as will be described in connection with Figures 2-4.
  • a lineal.” by n'rieans' o-fia switch fiii' may be connected to'the plus linegfi of the battery, whereby a' c'ontac't" device's-4;; 55-, as is ccnnectedin the circuit instead of the contact' device 49; 58, 5!.
  • This coupling takes place when the couplin'g'arrangement is to be used for subtractio'ninst'ead of addition.
  • multiple contact reIa'y H compris e'stwocontactsystem-s 51, 58; and 59, 60, the functionof which is connected with a carry'trans-' fer'gs peration I, I
  • Each of the multiple contact relays! I' l 9 may suitably be carried out as illustrated in Figures 2 arl'd3, and the relays may be placed with relation each other as diagrammatically illustrated in
  • the multiple contact'relay comprises a number of contact arms 200 which in the normal position, as illustrated in Figure 2, engage" contact springs 29!. This is thefposltion of therelay" contacts illustrated in Figure 1.
  • each contact arm 200 is located contact springs 202 and these as well as contact springs 2 l are connected at their 'topend 's with an-illustratedbl ock 2113'.
  • v 1 is the opposite sideo'f each contact arm 200 and these as well as contact springs 2 l are connected at their 'topend 's with an-illustratedbl ock 2113'.
  • the block 2133' carries pivoted arm" 284 which it is turned” from the position illustrated in Figure 2' to' the one illustrated in Figure 3 is brought into the path of a recipi'bcating mechanically driven actuating member 205.
  • the movement of the arm 204 is controlled by an electromagnet Eli-ii correspondingto electromagnets Z'L-ZS 4!-4 2 in Figure 1, the armature of said e'lectro-mag'net being adapted when attracted to swing the arms 204 into the" posit-ion illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the-relay operates in such a manner that an "electrical impulse for instance in one of lines 2il-23 energizes the electro-magnet so that the relay contacts are carried from normal to working position.
  • the movement of the mechanical actiiat ing member is synchronized in such'a manner with the impulses supplied'tha't it performs one vfull reciprocating" stroke for each impulse; and the relays; the electro magnets' of which'areem ergized, will then either be moved int-'0 or maintained in workingposition, wher'asthe other relays are" either m OVc d to or caused" to remain I in normal position.
  • I t is' tobe p esulriedthat the renewingcalculat- First the digit 8' is introduced, this digit being composeti by the code element' 'a, 2, 2 and a'ccordirig'ly're'lays"H, i2; l3'are movedfro'm'ii-orthan to working position by means of impulses through lines Zfi- Zl- 'ZZ.
  • the digit 2 is now introduced by means of an impulse through line 22, whereby relay i3 is energized and the following current circuits are closed: 25--52--l819-3B-43+44.
  • relay l9 remains in working position.
  • the current impulse hereby supplied to carry line 91" passes to the next set of relays which is in all essentials identical with the set of relays illustrated in Figure 1.
  • carry impulse to the next set of relays is to move this set into zero position as in accordance with the method of subtraction referred to above it is automatically put in the position corresponding to 9 by moving switch 53 into subtraction position.
  • the next set of relays which, as it will be understood, corresponds to a higher unit (tenths) is accordingly now in position for taking up the next carry impulse.
  • switch 53 is again brought into the position illustrated on the drawing and digit 7 is introduced by current impulses on lines 202l 23 representing the code digits 4-2 and 1. Of the remaining relays ll8 and I9 remain in working position since the previous operation.
  • the number 13 is accordingly now introduced into the two first sets of relays of the system.
  • the calculating example given above has only the object of understanding how the coupling arrangement in accordance with the present invention may be utilized in connection with addition and subtraction.
  • connection lines it will be necessary in some of the connection lines to use one-way valves (such as selenium rectifiers or the like) in order to prevent undesired transmission of current impulses through the lines connected to the first relay in the second set of contact relays.
  • one-way valves such as selenium rectifiers or the like
  • one-way valves in one or more of the transmission lines is here not necessary for the general function of the system, and they may for instance be obviated by using the same number of current intakes and contact groups in the first set of relays as in the second.
  • a coupling arrangement for electrical computing apparatus comprising a set of electromag netically controlled input relays, the number of input relays being equal to the number of units in a code system, means for selectively energizing said relays in accordance with numeral values to be entered in the apparatus, sets of contacts controlled by the respective input relays, the sets of contacts of the last input relay including contacts significant respectively of each code value, a source of current, connections between said sets of contacts to connect said current source to those contacts of the last relay corresponding to code values of the energized input relays, a plurality of output electrical circuits, a set of electromagnetically controlled storing relays equal in number to the plurality of electrical output circuits, sets of contacts controlled by the respective storing relays, the first storing relay having contacts corresponding to and connected respectively to the contacts of the last input relay, and connections between the sets of contacts of the storing relays and to said output circuits to complete circuits from said current source to those output circuits corresponding to the numerical value represented by the selectively energized input relays, said
  • each of said electromagnetically controlled relays includes a solenoid and an armature movable thereby into operative position on energization of the solenoid
  • said sets of contacts include switch blades movable between front and back contacts, and mechanical reciprocating means cooperating with relay armatures in operative positions to shift the switch blades of the sets of contacts of energized relays into engagement with their front contacts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
US714295A 1946-05-01 1946-12-05 Coupling means for use with calculating, bookkeeping, or like machines Expired - Lifetime US2449228A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO2449228X 1946-05-01

Publications (1)

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US2449228A true US2449228A (en) 1948-09-14

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Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2449228A (ko)
BE (1) BE469265A (ko)
CH (1) CH293168A (ko)
DE (1) DE815558C (ko)
FR (1) FR935760A (ko)
GB (1) GB630559A (ko)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE961222C (de) * 1951-07-23 1957-04-04 S E A Soc D Electronique Et D Anordnung zur Umwandlung von elektrischen Code-Impulsgruppen aus der binaeren in diedezimale Darstellungsweise
US3004703A (en) * 1953-07-31 1961-10-17 El Re Ma S A Per Io Sfruttamen Calculating machine with polarized relays
US3059577A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-10-23 Frank C Hutchison Fuze arming device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH393423A (de) * 1960-07-18 1965-06-15 Bull Sa Machines Anordnung zum Speichern und Verarbeiten von Informationen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2191567A (en) * 1936-01-04 1940-02-27 Hofgaard Rolf Calculating machine
US2253596A (en) * 1938-04-01 1941-08-26 Western Electric Co Electrical calculating equipment for telephone systems
US2364540A (en) * 1942-10-10 1944-12-05 Ibm Calculating machine
US2394925A (en) * 1943-08-28 1946-02-12 Ibm Electrical calculating machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2191567A (en) * 1936-01-04 1940-02-27 Hofgaard Rolf Calculating machine
US2253596A (en) * 1938-04-01 1941-08-26 Western Electric Co Electrical calculating equipment for telephone systems
US2364540A (en) * 1942-10-10 1944-12-05 Ibm Calculating machine
US2394925A (en) * 1943-08-28 1946-02-12 Ibm Electrical calculating machine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE961222C (de) * 1951-07-23 1957-04-04 S E A Soc D Electronique Et D Anordnung zur Umwandlung von elektrischen Code-Impulsgruppen aus der binaeren in diedezimale Darstellungsweise
US3004703A (en) * 1953-07-31 1961-10-17 El Re Ma S A Per Io Sfruttamen Calculating machine with polarized relays
US3059577A (en) * 1960-01-07 1962-10-23 Frank C Hutchison Fuze arming device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH293168A (de) 1953-09-15
GB630559A (en) 1949-10-17
FR935760A (fr) 1948-06-30
BE469265A (ko)
DE815558C (de) 1951-10-04

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