US2447320A - Electrical switch - Google Patents

Electrical switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US2447320A
US2447320A US761542A US76154247A US2447320A US 2447320 A US2447320 A US 2447320A US 761542 A US761542 A US 761542A US 76154247 A US76154247 A US 76154247A US 2447320 A US2447320 A US 2447320A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pincer
resilient
arm
arms
conductive
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US761542A
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English (en)
Inventor
Olariaga Sara Maria Iribarr De
Forster Percy
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US2447320A publication Critical patent/US2447320A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A. reassignment WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A. SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: CANCER GENETICS, INC.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/16—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting by rolling; by wrapping; Roller or ball contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H15/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for actuation in opposite directions, e.g. slide switch
    • H01H15/02—Details
    • H01H15/06—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H15/16—Driving mechanisms
    • H01H15/18—Driving mechanisms acting with snap action
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18888—Reciprocating to or from oscillating
    • Y10T74/18896—Snap action

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrical switch of simple and durable construction, and highly reliable in operation.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an electrical switch having the desirable characteristics of rapidly closing and opening the circuit, thus avoiding bad connections and arcingat the contacts.
  • Another object is to provide a switch in which the contact bridge, when in the inoperative position, is positively incapable of accidentally establishing contact with the associated resilient con- -tact members, owing to the fact that it is firmly maintained in a definite inoperative position, and in addition, the points of engagement between said contactmembers and the contact bridge are so arranged that electrical ⁇ contact between them is impossible.
  • the new electrical switch includes two resilient conducting 'arms arranged .in pincer fashion and adapted to retain inits operative position a movable :bridging conductive member, represented by a ball, roller or thelike, capable of passing from the operative 'to the inoperative position due to the thrust effect of means operated from the outside and 'under the resilient action of said electrical conducting meansy the switch according to this invention being further characterized -by the fact that the two conducting -arms arranged in pincer fashion have curved portions inter-mediateof their length, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one vof the pincer arms being provided with an end extension that vcontinues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as vto facilitate the release and the entrance of the bridging member, while the-other res'ilient'pncer arm Vhas a bent resilient-extension the free end of which -is arranged at such a distance tothe nearest 'part'ofthe curved seating portion of the
  • Fig. l is an external perspective View of a single-pole wall switch.
  • Fig. ⁇ 2 Vis another perspective but of a 'section-of thesame switch of Fig. 1, the Contact Ybridge being in its operative position, between Vthearrns of the pincer.
  • Fig. 3 is a lateral elevation and longitudinal section of the same switch, the'contactbridge be.- ing shown still in its operative position ibetween the arms of the .pincen but .just about'to be ejected from the arms of the pincel?, in order to open the circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, but in which 'the movable contact bridge is in its inoperative posi.- ti'on, and makes contact with only one of the conducting portons of the resilientarms of the'pincer, so that 'the circuit in which the switch is interposed will lremain open.
  • Fig. l5 is a perspective View of ⁇ a three-pole switch, in which, to simplify the drawing, some parts have been eliminated, for instance the cover and the main base.
  • Fig. '6 is a side elevation and sectional View of a switch of the type of Fietb7 but without eliminating'the above mentioned parts.
  • a is an external box in the shape of a prism having irregular hexagonal bases which are indicated with the numerals l, I. 'One of the side faces is removable for access to the interior of the switch, while the largest side 2 constitutes the front of the box.
  • the sides 3 and 'l of the same box form respectively the upper and lower base.
  • the remaining sides, 4, 5 and 6 form the back Wall v.ofthe box.
  • the holes 8, formed in the front -2 and walls 4 and 6, are used for attaching Vthe box, 4and 'consequently the switch, tothe corresponding wall cavity, in which the usual metal fittings must be provided forthe mounting screws adapted tofgrip the box a through the holes 8.
  • the construction of the outer box a is completed with a rectangular window 9, formed .in the front wall 2 and adapted, as will be shown later, to receive the operating handle of the switch.
  • a is provided a movable body b generally shaped as a 'prism of hexagonal base, similar to a, but smaller and without the bases that would correspond to the surfaces I and I' of the box a.
  • the inner movable body b which has a front I0, two bases Il and l2 and three rear faces I3, 'I4 and be displaced within the box by means of the r handle l 6 projecting out of the box a thro-ugh the window 9.
  • the window 9 must preferably be of such dimensions as to provide only suiiicient space for the passage and necessary movement of said handle, thus serving as a guide and movement limiting means for said handle.
  • the side wall l of the box a is provided with two interiorly projecting supports Il and I8 which are disposed within the movable body b. On these supports there are fixed by means of the corresponding screws l 9 the resilient arms c and d arranged face to face, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and Zi.
  • the conducting wires e may also be affixed to these screws.
  • the two resilient arms are made of metal sheet having a high electrical conductivity and are shaped according to the interrupted sinusoidal form as illustrated, both having curved intermediate portions 20 and 2l, so dimensioned as to form cooperating retaining seats for the movable bridging member f, also made of conducting material.
  • This member is represented as a cylinder, although it will be apparent that it may be in the form of a spherical ball or any other body having a suitably curved surface.
  • the movable member f has as lateral guides the walls l and I of the boi.r a, spaced apart at a distance slightly greater than the length of said member.
  • the two above mentioned resilient arms due to their constructive and operational characteristics, constitute a form of retaining pincer for the bridging member f.
  • the arm d is provided with a slightly curved short extension 22, adapted to serve as a point for the ejection or entrance of the roller constituting the movable contact bridge.
  • the resilient arm c this is also provided with an extension formed beyond the intermediate seat portion 20.
  • the end extension 23 of the arm c is bent in the form of a U, the two legs of which face towards the other resilient arm.
  • the leg 23' which is the farthest spaced from the intermediate curved seat 20 is located at such a ydistance from such seat that the roller f when being displaced towards said leg 23 engages said leg before leaving its seat, whereby the continuity of connection between the two arms is not interrupted.
  • the leg 23' is so proportioned and disposed that its free end, which may be provided with a slightly widened portion 23" in order to offer a greater contact surface to the roller f, faces the extension 22 of the'arm d, and is spaced at such a distance from the extension 22 of the arm d that the roller fis gripped in a pincer-like fashion when moving from the extreme operative position of Fig. 2 to the intermediate position of Fig. 3.
  • the switch as described, is provided with two stops 2l integral with the side wall i 'of box a and adapted to maintain the roller f in its inoperative position, and limiting its spacing from the seats 2b and 2l of the pincers (Fig. 4).
  • stops 2l integral with the side wall i 'of box a and adapted to maintain the roller f in its inoperative position, and limiting its spacing from the seats 2b and 2l of the pincers (Fig. 4).
  • two otherstops 28 and 28 which are movable and serve as means for moving the roller member employed as the connecting bridge element of the switch.
  • stops 28 and 28' are formed in or Jfitted in line with but opposite each other on the interior walls of the inside movable body having been arranged oppositely and on the same line at the side walls b and are positioned so as to engage the bridging roller at two diametrally opposed points, and to pass between the arms of the conducting pincers when moved to and from the extreme positions illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4 respectively.
  • the movable contactbridge represented by the hollow metal roller, is subject at all times to the action of the conducting arms c and d, arranged in pincer like fashion.
  • the arms do not however, act by themselves, but their action is assisted by the movable stops 28 and 28', which in turn are actuated externally at will by means of the handle
  • the movable stops 28 and 2W represent the means, controlled by the user of the switch, by which movement of the contact bridge is initiated in order to place it in the operative or
  • These stops are not capable of controlling the moving bridge in the last stage of its displacement, which takes lplace under the action of the arms c and d of the spring pincers and which are completely outside the control of the operator.
  • the latter roller reaches the position shown in Fig. 3, in which position it has practically left the seats in which it was retained, and is actually tightly pressed by the two arms of the pincer; and is just about to be ejected at an even greater distance from said seats.
  • the roller f is also engaging the free end 23 of the U extension of the arm c; i. e., it maintains a double Contact with said arm. rIhis is important since, as the ejection of the roller to the inoperative position of Fig.
  • the movable stop 28 is made of such a length that it does not advance beyond the position reached when the two arms of the resilient pincer start the pinching action on the roller.
  • the handle I5 is operated in the reverse direction to raise the inner movable body.
  • the movable stop 28 approaches the contact roller, and the stop 28 moves away from it.
  • the stop 28 engages the roller f and commences to force it between the contact pincers, the arms c and d of said pincer open but maintain contact with the roller, on account of their elasticity.
  • the conducting position 22 of the arm d and the non-conducting shoe o-f the arm c At the initial stage of the movement of the roller, it engages the conducting position 22 of the arm d and the non-conducting shoe o-f the arm c, and thus the two arms are not electrically connected.
  • the shoe moves to the left until its rectilinear contour portion 2G is applied against the curved surface of the roller and the diametrally o-pposed part of the roller is engaged by a portion of the arm d corresponding to its end extension 22 or to the ridge separating said part from the seat 2
  • the roller makes contact with the portion 26 of the shoe g, it does not enter into contact with the 'free end of the'branch 23 of the bend 23 ofthe arm c.
  • the stop 28' when the roller f is in a position very similar, although not equal, to that shown in Fig.
  • said roller without engaging at any moment the free end of the branch 23', is sharply ejected, also by a pinching .action of the two pincer arms, towards the seats 20 and 2
  • the resilient arms of the pincer follow the movement of 'the roller and are instantaneously applied at both sides of the roller, the whole assembly assuming the position shown in Fig. 2.
  • the three-pole switch of Figs. 5 and 6 is essentially a multiplication of the above described single pole switch.
  • the three pairs of resilient arms c' with shoes g and d are substantially similar to the corresponding elements c and d of the other switch and operate in like manner and similar conductor rollers f are also used.
  • the arms c and d' are firmly attached by means of screws 29 against the inner face of the vertical plate 3B.
  • This vplate is in turn attached to the intermediate base plate 3
  • a sliding member h made of insulating material and comprising, as may be seen in Fig.
  • a plate 34 with an internal opening 35 which allows of the formation of the movable stops 3S and 3B' adapted to move the respective rollers, and of the large recesses 3? adapted to operate as guides for the plate 34 itself and as means for limiting its displacement.
  • the small vertical stop and guide partitions 38 cooperate with the sliding member h and are adapted to assist in the guiding of the sliding member h, to limit the extent of the movei; ment of said member, and to maintain the bridging rollers f in their lateral position.
  • the sliding member h is provided With a handle 39 attached at its fore end and is arranged horizontally between the arms of the cooperating resilient conducting pincers, being maintained in correct position and free for longitudinal movement by means of two lateral guiding supports 4U attached with screws 4
  • the conducting wires e' are connected directly to the terminals 29' (Fig. 6) formed by nuts threaded on to the ends of the screws 29 which are used to attach the arms c and d to the support 3U.
  • the operation of the three pole switch is substantially similar to the operation of the single pole switch previously described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4, as all the essential elements are practically the same.
  • the sliding member h. is moved by pulling the handle 29, the movable stops 35 simultaneously start to move vthe rollers f' away from the seats of the resilient pincers.
  • Each of the rollers is then swiftly ejected in the manner described, above, and remain gripped in the inoperative position (open circuit), between the cooperating stop 36, the conducting end of the arm d and the insulating shoe g'.
  • the rollers may be replaced as in the case of the single pole switch to their operative closed circuit positions. In this way, it is possible to obtain a sure and simultaneous opening or closing of the circuit in each one of the three pincer units of the switch.
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashi-on and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by a thrust action of externally actuated means andy by the resilient effect of said electrically conductive arms, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating sections, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and the entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm has a bent resilient extension the free end of which is arranged at such a distance from the nearest partl of the curved seating portion of the same arm, that the movable bridge is capable of moving from said curved portion to the free end without breaking its contact with the conductive arm, an insulating shoe being
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by a thrust action effected by -externally actuated means and by the resilient effect of said electrically conductive arms, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer ⁇ like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating sections, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved section and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and the entrance of the bridging member, While the other resilient pincer arm has an extension bent in the' form of a U with the legs of the U looking facing towards the rst pincer arm and with the free ing arm, thus blocking the access of the contact bridge to the conductive pincer, said shoe having in addition a contact zone facing an associated portion of the other
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by the thrust action of externally actuated means and by the resilient eifect of said electrically conductive arms, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating portions, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and the entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm has a bent resilient extension, the free end of which is arranged at such a distance from the nearest part of the curved seating portion of the same arm that the movable bridge is .capable of moving past said curved portion of the free end Iwithout breaking contact with the vconductive arm, an insulating shoe being
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by the thrust action of externally actuated means and by the resilient effect of said electrically conductive arms, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating porti-ons, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release an-d entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm has a bent resilient extension, the free end of which is arranged at such a distance from the nearest part of the curved seating portion of the same arm, that the movable bridge is capable of moving past said curved portion of the free end without breaking its contact with the conductive arm.
  • an insulating shoe being i'lxedly attached to the branch of the bent portion of the corresponding resilient arm which is more remote from the curved seating portion, and provided with an arm engaging the other branch ⁇ of the bent portion for limiting the spacing between said tw'o branches, said shoe being adapted when the contact bridge is in its operative position to remain normally interposed between the conductive portions of the related arm and the other conductive arm, and having in addition a contact zone facing an associated portion of the other member, to Iform with said portion a resilient pair for the impulsion of the contact bridge towards the inside of the pincer, during the operative stroke oi said bridge.
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by thev thrust action of externally actuated means and by the resilient effect of said electrically conductive arms, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating portions, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm has a bent resilient extension the free end of which is arranged at such a distance from the nearest part of the curved seating portion of the same arm, that the movable bridge is capable of moving past said curved portion of the free end without breaking its contact with the conductive arm, an insulated shoe being mounted on the above mentioned free end of
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable Conducting bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like, said conductive resilient arms being iixed to one of the side walls of an external box having a second side wall substantially parallel to the first mentioned side wall to guide the movable contact bridge and to guide an internal sliding body having movable stops adapted to move said movable bridge in cooperation with the resilient action of said electrically conductive arms either to the operative or to the inoperative position of said body, wherein the two lconductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating sections, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and the entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm has' a bent resilient exten.- sion the free end of which is arranged at such
  • An electrical switch including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion' ⁇ and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member repre,- sented by a roller, ball or the like capable of pass-l ing from the operative to the inoperative posi,- tion or vice versa, said conductive resilient arms being fixed to lone of the sidewalls of an external box shaped as an orthogonal prismhaving polygonal bases with said bases constituting the sides of the box and one of the side wallsV forming the front of the box, an opening in the front wall adapted to accommodate, and serve as a guide means, for the operating handle of the switch', said handle being xed to the front wall of an internal sliding body having movable stops adapt'- ed to move said movable bridge, in cooperation with the resilient action of said electrically conductive arms, either to the operative or to thev in- ⁇ operative position ofV said body, and said front wall of said internal sliding body being slidingly applied against the inner
  • each unit including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like' fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position 'a movable conductive two conductive bridging member 11 represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by the thrust action of opposing projections formed in the cut out portion of a sliding plate adapted to be displaced relatively to said bridges, said cut out portion being provided with pairs of respectively opposed notches adapted to cooperate with small guiding partitions located at the sides of and adapted to guide the respective bridges, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion of each switching unit are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating portions, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the related movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms of each unit having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm of the same unit
  • a plurality of electrical switching units each unit including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by the thrust action of opposing projections formed in the cut out portion of a sliding plate adapted to be displaced relatively to said bridges, said cut out portion being provided with pairs of respectively opposed notches adaptedy to cooperate with small guiding partitions located at the sides of and adapted-to guide the respective bridges, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion of each switching unit are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating portions, adapted to oooperatively receive and retain the related movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms of each unit having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and entrance of the bridging member, while the other resilient pincer arm of the same unit has
  • a plurality of electrical switching units each unit including two resilient conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion and adapted to retain in its operative position a movable conductive bridging member represented by a roller, 'ball or the like capable of passing from the operative to the inoperative position or vice versa by the thrust action of opposing projections formed in the cut out portion of a sliding plate adapted to be displaced relatively to said bridges, said cut out portion being provided with pairs of respectively opposed notches adapted to cooperate with small guiding partitions located at the sides of and adapted to guide the respective bridges, wherein the two conductive arms arranged in pincer like fashion of each switching unit are provided at their respective intermediate portions with oppositely curved seating portions, adapted to cooperatively receive and retain the related movable bridging member, one of the pincer arms of each unit having an end extension that continues from the associated curved portion and is so shaped as to facilitate the release and entrance of the bridging member, while the vother resilient pincer arm of the same unit

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US761542A 1947-05-22 1947-07-17 Electrical switch Expired - Lifetime US2447320A (en)

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AR2447320X 1947-05-22

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US761542A Expired - Lifetime US2447320A (en) 1947-05-22 1947-07-17 Electrical switch

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US (1) US2447320A (pt)
BE (1) BE463900A (pt)
CH (1) CH256094A (pt)
FR (1) FR928701A (pt)

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FR928701A (fr) 1947-12-05
CH256094A (fr) 1948-07-31
BE463900A (pt)

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: WELLS FARGO BANK, N.A., IOWA

Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:CANCER GENETICS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:021281/0520

Effective date: 20080715