US2441452A - Frequency changing circuits - Google Patents

Frequency changing circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
US2441452A
US2441452A US480198A US48019843A US2441452A US 2441452 A US2441452 A US 2441452A US 480198 A US480198 A US 480198A US 48019843 A US48019843 A US 48019843A US 2441452 A US2441452 A US 2441452A
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United States
Prior art keywords
frequency
circuit
oscillations
lecher
impedance
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Expired - Lifetime
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US480198A
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English (en)
Inventor
Strutt Maximiliaan Julius Otto
Ziel Aldert Van Der
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D9/00—Demodulation or transference of modulation of modulated electromagnetic waves
    • H03D9/06—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance
    • H03D9/065—Transference of modulation using distributed inductance and capacitance by means of discharge tubes having more than two electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/14—Balanced arrangements
    • H03D7/1408—Balanced arrangements with diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B15/00—Suppression or limitation of noise or interference
    • H04B15/02—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus
    • H04B15/04—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus the interference being caused by substantially sinusoidal oscillations, e.g. in a receiver or in a tape-recorder
    • H04B15/06—Reducing interference from electric apparatus by means located at or near the interfering apparatus the interference being caused by substantially sinusoidal oscillations, e.g. in a receiver or in a tape-recorder by local oscillators of receivers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a frequency changing device or a device for wavelength transformation, more particularly of very short waves.
  • a frequency changing device or a device for wavelength transformation In superheterodyne reception'oiultra-shOrt waves it is generally necessary for the oscillator tube to generate oscillations whose fundamental frequency is a subharmonic of the auxiliary oscillation required for the mixture, since the generation of an oscillation of very high and sufliciently constant frequency involves practical drawbacks.
  • Circuits for wavelength transformation or ire-v quency changing have previously been proposed in which the oscillations of ultra-short wavelength to be received are supplied in pushr-pull to the device, since thus practical'advantages are.
  • the invention has for its purpose to provide a similar device for frequency changing or wavelengthtransformation in whichthe damping of the'high-frequency input circuit is reduced to a minimum and in which, in addition, the advantags is obtained that substantially no oscillations locally generated can penetrate into the highfrequency section.
  • the circuit- 'of this device may be made very simple from'the point of view of construction while even if the fundamental wave of the oscillations locally generated is used as an auxiliary oscillation for the frequency transformation, there is no risk of the auxiliary oscillation being pulled along by the high-frequency oscillation.
  • a device for wavelength transformation more particularly of ultra-short waves, which come prises two identical rectifying systems and an oscillatory system in which the received highirequency oscillations are supplied in push-pull.
  • thecathodes of the three systems are connected to eachother for high-frequencycurrentsand connected, via circuit elements constituting ahigh impedance at least for the auxiliary oscillation used for the frequency transformation, to a point of constant potential.
  • Fig. 1 discloses one embodimentiof a frequency changing system according to me -invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a further embodiment in which thehigh frequency circuit is constituted by a Lecher wire system capacitively coupled to the diode anodes and the intermediate frequency circuitis coupled to the diode anodes by means of high frequency chokes;
  • Fig. 4.- is an embodiment which is the electrical equivalent of that shown in Fig. 3 but in which the intermediate frequency circuit assumes a different construction.
  • Fig. '1 there is shown a tube I which contains two diodes 3, Z and 4, 2, together with a'itriode ii, 6, 2, of which the cathode 2 is common.
  • An impedance comprising an induction coil 8 is connected between the cathode 2 and earth, so that the-cathode 2 has applied thereto an alternating voltage relatively to earth which has the frequency of the auxiliary oscillation required for the frequency transformation.
  • the two diodeanodes Sand 4 are connected to a Lecher-systern 9 which has the received oscillations from a radio frequency input circuit 38 supplied to it by means cf the'slidingconnections 31 and 32.
  • the tuning of this Lecher system is effected by sliding an intermediate frequency circuit it, made as a unitary structure and comprising a condenser H and a coil M, on the 'Lecherwires into the correct'position.
  • the condenser H has such a value that it'substantiallyconstitutes a short-circuit for the received high-frequency oscillations. Since, on the one hand, the: received oscillations are supplied in push -pull to thediode-anodes 3 and 4 and, on the other hand, the cathode 2 has a high-frequency potential relatively to earth which has the frequencyv of the auxiliary oscillation required for the frequency transformation, it is evident that mixture will occur in the diodes so that the intermediateeirequency oscillations are taken off in :pushepull from the two, diodeeanodes 3 and an -h nceirem the-cir u t lit- Since in this circuit the cathodes of the two diodes are directly connected to each other, the damping exerted by the tube I upon the Lecher system 9 is very weak.
  • the circuit IE! is preferably made completely symmetrical relatively to the Lecher system 9.
  • the contact points l2 and I3 can also be connected to tappings on the coil M of the circuit H] which are symmetrically provided relatively to each other.
  • the impedance of the intermediate-frequency circuit may be better matched to the diode, since at the points of the contacts [2 and [3 a potential node for the high-frequency oscillations willoocur, high-frequency oscillations cannot penetrate into the intermediate-frequency circuit l0.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment in which the high-frequency and the intermediate-frequency circuits do not act upon each other is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2. Similar parts to those in Fig. 1 are indicated by the same reference figures.
  • the high-frequency circuit RF is not a Lecher system, but a tuned circuit constituted by a condenser l5 and two coil halves l6 and I6 of equal value which are connected to each other by a condenser H.
  • the intermediate-frequency circuit [0 is constituted by a coil I4 and two condensers H and H of equal value which are connected respectively to the electrodes of the condenser ll.
  • the intermediatefrequency circuit is so to speak connected to a tapping of the high-frequency circuit, and the condenser H which must have a low impedance for the frequencies of the received oscillations may have such a value that the most advantageous matching of the intermediate-frequency circuit to the'diodes is obtained.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 3. Similar parts to those in Fig. l are again indicated by the same reference numbers.
  • the high-frequency circuit constituted by a Lecher system 9 is connected to the two diodeanodes 3 and 4 via condensers l9 and 20 which for the adjustment of frequency may be variable, i
  • the two extremities of the intermediate-frequency circuit H] are connected to the two rectifier anodes 3 and 4 via choke coils 2
  • the conductors 2E and 25 may also be made as a Lecher system for the high-frequency oscillations, in which case according to the invention the condensers l9 and 29 may preferably be so tuned that the circuit It may be connected via the choke coils 2i and 22 to a potential node of the conductors.
  • FIG. 4 in which similar parts are again indicated by the same reference numbers, shows an embodiment of the invention whose circuit arrangement substantially corresponds to that of the preceding embodiment, but whose construction is different.
  • the intermediate-frequency circuit H1 is here constituted by two cylindrical conductors 26, 21 axially aligned but both concentrically arranged with respect to an outer cylindrical conductor 28 closed at its opposite ends, one end of each of the first-mentioned conductors being connected, respectively, to one of the closed ends of the outer conductor 28.
  • the high-frequency oscillations received for example by the dipole c are conducted by a first Lecher system 9, via'condensers it and 2t and a second Lecher system i l-25 passing through apertures 11, b, in the outer cylindrical conductor 28 to the diode-anodes 3 and i.
  • the Lecher system 24-25 is connected at points 2% and 2'! to the cylindrical conductors 2t, 2? of the intermediatefrequency circuit.
  • the points 25 and 2'1 on the Lecher system 2 1-25 are then so positioned as to coincide with a potential node for the high-frequency oscillations.
  • the points 26 and 2'! on the circuit H] are so positioned that the impedance of the part of the circuit iii between points 26' and 21 is a maximum for high-frequency oscillations.
  • a frequency changing circuit more particularly for very high frequencies comprising two diode rectifying systems and an additional electrode system, the cathodes of the three systems being connected to each other for high-frequency currents, circuit elements interconnecting said electrode system for producing local oscillations, a circuit for supplying received high-frequency signal oscillations in push-pull to the two diode rectifying systems, a circuit for deriving the intermediate-frequency oscillations from the two rectifying systems in push-pull, and a circuit constituting a high impedance, at least for the local oscillations used to eiiect frequency changing, connected between the cathodes and a point of constant potential.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
US480198A 1941-01-31 1943-03-23 Frequency changing circuits Expired - Lifetime US2441452A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL606374X 1941-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2441452A true US2441452A (en) 1948-05-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US480198A Expired - Lifetime US2441452A (en) 1941-01-31 1943-03-23 Frequency changing circuits

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US (1) US2441452A (is")
BE (1) BE444311A (is")
DE (1) DE872571C (is")
FR (1) FR878960A (is")
GB (1) GB606374A (is")

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2515441A (en) * 1947-06-25 1950-07-18 Avco Mfg Corp Antenna input circuits
US2554107A (en) * 1944-07-26 1951-05-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Push-pull mixing circuit
US2591982A (en) * 1941-07-30 1952-04-08 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Superheterodyne receiver for very short waves
US2591983A (en) * 1943-11-12 1952-04-08 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Mixing circuit arrangement
US2594167A (en) * 1948-07-30 1952-04-22 Rca Corp Ultrahigh-frequency bridge circuits
US2606283A (en) * 1943-03-27 1952-08-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Mixing circuit arrangement
US2636980A (en) * 1953-04-28
US2664501A (en) * 1949-08-10 1953-12-29 Wilcox Gay Corp Frequency conversion system
US2787705A (en) * 1951-06-25 1957-04-02 Hazeltine Research Inc High-frequency wave-signal tuning device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB420754A (en) * 1932-06-04 1934-12-06 Telefunken Gmbh Improvements in or relating to thermionic apparatus for the production or amplification of ultra short waves
US2094470A (en) * 1934-10-20 1937-09-28 Rca Corp Multiple function tube
US2270791A (en) * 1939-07-13 1942-01-20 Rca Corp Oscillator-modulator circuit
US2285372A (en) * 1940-05-30 1942-06-02 Strutt Maximiliaan Julius Otto Push-pull mixing circuit for ultrashort waves
GB554675A (en) * 1942-03-13 1943-07-14 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to frequency changing devices, more particularly for very short waves

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB420754A (en) * 1932-06-04 1934-12-06 Telefunken Gmbh Improvements in or relating to thermionic apparatus for the production or amplification of ultra short waves
US2094470A (en) * 1934-10-20 1937-09-28 Rca Corp Multiple function tube
US2270791A (en) * 1939-07-13 1942-01-20 Rca Corp Oscillator-modulator circuit
US2285372A (en) * 1940-05-30 1942-06-02 Strutt Maximiliaan Julius Otto Push-pull mixing circuit for ultrashort waves
GB554675A (en) * 1942-03-13 1943-07-14 Philips Nv Improvements in or relating to frequency changing devices, more particularly for very short waves

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636980A (en) * 1953-04-28
US2591982A (en) * 1941-07-30 1952-04-08 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Superheterodyne receiver for very short waves
US2606283A (en) * 1943-03-27 1952-08-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Mixing circuit arrangement
US2609495A (en) * 1943-03-27 1952-09-02 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Push-pull mixing circuit arrangement
US2591983A (en) * 1943-11-12 1952-04-08 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Mixing circuit arrangement
US2554107A (en) * 1944-07-26 1951-05-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Push-pull mixing circuit
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2515441A (en) * 1947-06-25 1950-07-18 Avco Mfg Corp Antenna input circuits
US2594167A (en) * 1948-07-30 1952-04-22 Rca Corp Ultrahigh-frequency bridge circuits
US2664501A (en) * 1949-08-10 1953-12-29 Wilcox Gay Corp Frequency conversion system
US2787705A (en) * 1951-06-25 1957-04-02 Hazeltine Research Inc High-frequency wave-signal tuning device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR878960A (fr) 1943-02-10
BE444311A (is")
DE872571C (de) 1953-04-02
GB606374A (en) 1948-08-12

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