US243934A - Compound telegraph-wire - Google Patents
Compound telegraph-wire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US243934A US243934A US243934DA US243934A US 243934 A US243934 A US 243934A US 243934D A US243934D A US 243934DA US 243934 A US243934 A US 243934A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- compound
- telegraph
- wire
- rubber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title description 20
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 graphite compound Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 240000002027 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
- H01B7/0823—Parallel wires, incorporated in a flat insulating profile
Definitions
- This invention relates tothe construction of compound cond actors or cables for telegraphic lines by inclosing the separate wires in a mass or between sheets of an insulating and vulcanizable material, such as hereinafter described, while in a plastic state and then vulcanizing.
- copper wire has a greater capacity for conducting the electric current than other metals, and consequently a smaller wire can be used than if made of other metals.
- the insulating material preferably employed in the construction of the conductor or cable is composed of a compound of india-rubber and graphite, in theproportion of about two and one-half pounds of graphite to one Y pound of rubber, by weight,with enough sulphur to aid in the vulcanization.
- the rubber compound is first run into sheets of proper thickness, then cut into strips of the width required,which are joined end to end to produce the required length.
- a gang of ten wires may be used in a strap or belt about three inches wide. By any suitable means the wires are laid perfectly straight, parallel with each other and at equal distances apart, and inclosed between two strips of the rubber compound,'
- gangs of insulated wire as may be re-- quired in a line of telegraph may be laid together in a box of suitable size to contain them, extending the whole length of the line. I prefer to lay the straps or belts edgewise in thebox. A box three inches by four inches in side would contain ten of the straps or belts, each inclosing a gang of ten wires-in all one hundred wires. If a single strap orbeltis to be used, the box may be dispensed with and the strap buried in the ground or fastened to the side or roof of buildings.
- this invention will be found especially convenient and useful, as by it all the wires may be placed under the sidewalks and pavements.
- Figure 1 shows a gang of wires in a flat strap or belt of insulating material, with the wires projecting at each end and a band of rubber and graphite compound around a joint.
- FIG. 2 shows an end view of a gang of straps or belts of insulating material inclosed in a box, each strap containing a gang of telegraph-wires.
- Fig. 3 shows a bundle of single wires insulated and laid together.
- Fig. ere presents around cable or belt of insulating substance having anum ber of wires embedded therein.
- a compound conductor comprising a ductorby embedding the wires separated from number of wires embedded in ahomogeneous each other in insulating and vulcanizable mass of molded insulating material, such as 15 terial while in a plastic state, and compacting rubber and graphite, said mass forming a belt 5 the whole into a homogeneous mass by pressor band, flat or of other shape, and the wires ing and vulcanizing, substantially as deembedded therein being spaced, substantially scribed. as described.
Description
(No Model.)
T. J. MAYALL. COMPOUND TELEGRAPH WIRE.
No. 243,934. Patented July 5,1881.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
THOMAS J. MAYALL, OF READING, MASSACHUSETTS.
COMPOUND TELEGRAPH-WIRE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,984, dated July 5, 1881. Application filed Karol: 24, 18811 (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, THOMAS J. MAYALL, of Reading, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Lines of Telegraph, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates tothe construction of compound cond actors or cables for telegraphic lines by inclosing the separate wires in a mass or between sheets of an insulating and vulcanizable material, such as hereinafter described, while in a plastic state and then vulcanizing.
In the practice of this invention I prefer copper wire, as copper has a greater capacity for conducting the electric current than other metals, and consequently a smaller wire can be used than if made of other metals.
The insulating material preferably employed in the construction of the conductor or cable is composed of a compound of india-rubber and graphite, in theproportion of about two and one-half pounds of graphite to one Y pound of rubber, by weight,with enough sulphur to aid in the vulcanization. The rubber compound is first run into sheets of proper thickness, then cut into strips of the width required,which are joined end to end to produce the required length. A gang of ten wires may be used in a strap or belt about three inches wide. By any suitable means the wires are laid perfectly straight, parallel with each other and at equal distances apart, and inclosed between two strips of the rubber compound,'
which are submitted to suflicient pressure by passing between rollers or otherwise to weld the two strips of rubber into one homogeneous whole containing the gang of wires; or single wires surrounded by a covering of the material described may be laid together .to form a compound conductor and united by pressure into a homogeneous mass. I then vulcanize the rubber to such a degree as to make it flexible, and it is ready for use. A suflicient number of such pieces to extend the whole length of the telegraph-line are ,joined. together as laid by connecting the wires at the ends and filling the spaces between and around the place where they are joined with plastic rubber compound and protecting it by winding a band of rubber around the junction. As many such gangs of insulated wire as may be re-- quired in a line of telegraph may be laid together in a box of suitable size to contain them, extending the whole length of the line. I prefer to lay the straps or belts edgewise in thebox. A box three inches by four inches in side would contain ten of the straps or belts, each inclosing a gang of ten wires-in all one hundred wires. If a single strap orbeltis to be used, the box may be dispensed with and the strap buried in the ground or fastened to the side or roof of buildings.
In constructing a line of telegraph by this method it will generally be found desirable to put the box containing the gangs of insulated wires below the surface of the ground deep enough to escape injury from movements on the surface; but where the circumstances are' such that it is impossible or undesirable to place the wires in the ground they may be upon or supported at any desirable distance above the surface.
In cities and large towns, where there are a large number of wires required by the present system to be supported on poles or the roofs of buildings, this invention will be found especially convenient and useful, as by it all the wires may be placed under the sidewalks and pavements.
Wires insulated and laid by this method will at all times convey the electric currents with greater certainty andeifect than those exposed on poles ;'but in stormy weather the advantage will be very great, as the insulation will be as breaking of wires by wind or loading them with snow and ice. It is also espeeiallyadapted for use under water in the crossing of" rivers and other waters by telegraph-lines the rubber and graphite compound having greatstrength. In the drawings annexed, Figure 1 shows a gang of wires in a flat strap or belt of insulating material, with the wires projecting at each end and a band of rubber and graphite compound around a joint. Fig. 2 shows an end view of a gang of straps or belts of insulating material inclosed in a box, each strap containing a gang of telegraph-wires. Fig. 3 shows a bundle of single wires insulated and laid together. Fig. erepresents around cable or belt of insulating substance having anum ber of wires embedded therein.
I claim as new and of my invention-- 1. The method of forminga compound con- 3. A compound conductor comprising a ductorby embedding the wires separated from number of wires embedded in ahomogeneous each other in insulating and vulcanizable mamass of molded insulating material, such as 15 terial while in a plastic state, and compacting rubber and graphite, said mass forming a belt 5 the whole into a homogeneous mass by pressor band, flat or of other shape, and the wires ing and vulcanizing, substantially as deembedded therein being spaced, substantially scribed. as described.
2. The method of forming a compound conductor by placing the wires, suitably spaced,
- 10 between sheets of insulating vulcanizable ma Witnesses: terial, subjecting the whole to pressure, and OHS. HOUGHTON, then vulcanizing, substantially as described. F. I1. HOUGHTON.
THOS. J. MAYALL.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US243934A true US243934A (en) | 1881-07-05 |
Family
ID=2313263
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US243934D Expired - Lifetime US243934A (en) | Compound telegraph-wire |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US243934A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425294A (en) * | 1944-12-18 | 1947-08-12 | John T Morgan | Method of making insulated multiconductor structures |
US5057257A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-15 | Quantum Composites, Inc. | Method of transfer molding fiber-reinforced resin bolt products |
US20100315666A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Yitzhak Lazer | High speed page transmission |
-
0
- US US243934D patent/US243934A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425294A (en) * | 1944-12-18 | 1947-08-12 | John T Morgan | Method of making insulated multiconductor structures |
US5057257A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-15 | Quantum Composites, Inc. | Method of transfer molding fiber-reinforced resin bolt products |
US20100315666A1 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-16 | Yitzhak Lazer | High speed page transmission |
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