US2439281A - Flashless propellant powder composition - Google Patents

Flashless propellant powder composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US2439281A
US2439281A US433717A US43371742A US2439281A US 2439281 A US2439281 A US 2439281A US 433717 A US433717 A US 433717A US 43371742 A US43371742 A US 43371742A US 2439281 A US2439281 A US 2439281A
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Prior art keywords
nitrocellulose
propellant powder
flashless
explosive
powder composition
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US433717A
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Barsky George
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EF Drew and Co Inc
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EF Drew and Co Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
    • C06B25/20—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with a non-explosive or a non-explosive or a non-thermic component
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
    • C06B25/22—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with a nitrated aromatic compound

Definitions

  • the present invention isdirected to propellant powders, such'as of the nitrocellulose type-andmore I particularly, L to compositions containing 5 agents intended-to assist in -the iormationof the nitrocellulose into gra-nular form and to reduce flash-of the powder:
  • the present invention also contemplates a plasticizer and a plasticized-compositionin which there is ahighdegree of solvent power for the nitrocellulose and in which there";-is a suiiicient amount of lubricationby the plasticizer' to render I the extrusion-of the nitrocellulose simple and rapid.
  • an agent which consists essentially of an ester oi, a lower iattyacid having iromfi to 14 carbon atoms.
  • aoids from8-to 12 carbon atoms are used, such as capryli caprio and lauric' acids. Acids of this type are esterified by means of aglycol etheror p0lyg1yco1.-, Usually the diand tri-ethylene and propylene'glycols aroused.
  • esterification; of the acid with-theglycol may v be conducted as 'is well;known;- since the reaction follows the well-known esterificationprocedure;
  • the agent maybe addedtothe-explosive material or composition in relatively small amount following is an example of the character of the compositions which have beeniound useful 5 Parts by weight Nitrocellulose 30..
  • Fri-ethylene glycollcaprylate 1 The amount of the agentmay bewaried to a considerable extent, depending upon the-character substances are the dialkylphthalates which; while havinglithes property of --reduci-ng the flash; give an excessive amount of a black -smoke when; used in "suilicient quantities toeliminate the fiash, Also; other substances previously -prQp sed ⁇ for theupurposaahave the disadvantage that they are more unless-water solubleandtherefore increase tha tendency ofthe -powder-toabsorb moisture from the air
  • the present invention is, intended to provide a plasticizing agent for explosives such as of.the nitrocellulose type wherein; the plasticizer is simple in character, may be easily" produced, "and the raw materials for which are readily available.
  • propellant powder composition which shall be adapted to reduce the flash of the nitrocellulose, the size of th'e grain tobe produced, the nature-of modifying ingredients-if any, the speed'with which. extrusion is to take place, and various other factors.
  • Caprylic acid Parts by weight Caprylic acid; 3- Capric acid 1
  • the mixture of acids is fullyesterified withdiel or tri-ethylene glycol, in the, Welleknown mane.- ner. It is believedjthat the reactionresultsin the formation. of. mixed,.esters asnwelllas a ,mix- Such a composition .has
  • compositions made in accordance with the present invention may be used with or without the addition of other ingredients thereto.
  • a stabilizer such as diphenylamine
  • additions of this character may be made to the present compositions without adversely effecting the same.
  • the proportions the ingredients may bevaried within wide limits, depending on the character of the explosive and other factors including the type of, gun in which the explosive is to be used,
  • the plasticizer may range from 2 to of the mixture and the dinitrotoluol may be as much as or more.
  • Other mixtures than the above may be treated as set forth herein, and in such cases, the amount of plasticizer will vary in accordance with the solvent power thereof for the explosive material or composition and other properties.
  • a propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose having incorporated therein'a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of a glycol taken from the class consisting of ethylene and propylene glycols with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and V lauric acids.
  • a propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral esters of diethylene glycol with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.
  • a propellant powder comprising an explosive which is a mixture of about 8 parts of a nitrocellulose and about 1 part of a nitrotoluol, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of a glycol taken from the class consisting of ethylene and propylene glycols with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.
  • a propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral mixed esters of triethylene glycol with a mixture of caprylic and capric acids.
  • a propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive and a minor amount of the mixed poly-ethylene glycol esters ofcaprylie and capric acids, the caprylic being greater in amount than the capric acid.
  • a propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive and a minor amount of the mixed poly-ethylene glycol esters of caprylic and capric acids, the ratio of.capry1ic to capric acid being about 8 to 1.
  • a propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of triethylene glycol with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.

Description

Patented Apr. 6, 1948 FLASHLESS PROPELLANT rowonn;
' COMPOSITION George tBa'rslcypNewflork, N. Y.-,assignor .to E. F. Drew 8aiCoi;Inc.,r aicorporation of Delaware sesame. Ap lication March "1.1942,-
Serial No. 433,717
' 7 Claims;
The present invention isdirected to propellant powders, such'as of the nitrocellulose type-andmore I particularly, L to compositions containing 5 agents intended-to assist in -the iormationof the nitrocellulose into gra-nular form and to reduce flash-of the powder:
Inconverting nitrocllixldseinto powder-grains itis customary-to add certai-ir-substances,--usua1ly organic in nature, and sometimeshavingfex plosive-propert-ies in order tOj plasticize-the nitrocellulose -and render I it more easily extruded or' molded to the desired 1 size and shape-r However;
most fthe substances heretofore-used,ior this' purpose have 'but verylimited-solvent aetion on a the --nitroeellulose-so-thatthe"p1'3iStlCiZing= efiect has beennon-uniiorm, --and--the operation-oiin corporating the plasticizer has' bee'n-ouite slow.- i
Even'whenheat isusedin the'process the-opera tion is still slow and incomplete.
To-overcomethis it has'been proposed' to use various additions, asfor example; certain eth'ers obtained-- from straight chain; pelyhydric alcohols;
but such substances present further disadvantages. that several'cheinicarreactions arenecessaryand theoperation is likely' to -result-'--in* byfproducts which are -undesirableg-and" theeffioiency of re: action thereby decreased-r 3 It is also -hig-hly=desira-ble*in propellant powdersto avoid-a flash whieh normally occurs in a gun barrel whenthegun is fired. Various, substances have been added tonthepol iderinan attempt to overcome this deficiency." However, various disadvantagesaare inherent::-in thersubstances previously used. Generally, a substance. whichrreduces the flashpi the powderis likelyto produce a considerable amount of smoke. Among such They are quite expensive -to5produce -in to exert its solvent andlubricat-ingeiiects. The' resulting from ignition of the powder andfat the same time not to adversely;eiiect-the-moisture 1 resistance of thepowden- The present" invention--also contemplates a plasticizer and a plasticized-compositionin which there is ahighdegree of solvent power for the nitrocellulose and in which there";-is a suiiicient amount of lubricationby the plasticizer' to render I the extrusion-of the nitrocellulose simple and rapid.
In practicing the present inventionI provide an agent which consists essentially of an ester oi, a lower iattyacid having iromfi to 14 carbon atoms. Preferably" aoids from8-to 12 carbon atoms are used, such as capryli caprio and lauric' acids. Acids of this type are esterified by means of aglycol etheror p0lyg1yco1.-, Usually the diand tri-ethylene and propylene'glycols aroused.
The esterification; of the acid with-theglycolmay v be conducted as 'is well;known;- since the reaction follows the well-known esterificationprocedure;
The agent maybe addedtothe-explosive material or composition in relatively small amount following is an example of the character of the compositions which have beeniound useful 5 Parts by weight Nitrocellulose 30..
Fri-ethylene glycollcaprylate 1 The amount of the agentmay bewaried to a considerable extent, depending upon the-character substances are the dialkylphthalates which; while havinglithes property of --reduci-ng the flash; give an excessive amount of a black -smoke when; used in "suilicient quantities toeliminate the fiash, Also; other substances previously -prQp sed {for theupurposaahave the disadvantage that they are more unless-water solubleandtherefore increase tha tendency ofthe -powder-toabsorb moisture from the air The present invention is, intended to provide a plasticizing agent for explosives such as of.the nitrocellulose type wherein; the plasticizer is simple in character, may be easily" produced, "and the raw materials for which are readily available.
It is also among the objects of the present invention to provide a propellant powder composition which shall be adapted to reduce the flash of the nitrocellulose, the size of th'e grain tobe produced, the nature-of modifying ingredients-if any, the speed'with which. extrusion is to take place, and various other factors.
It has been found that a mixed ester is e'm'inently suitable for the purpose, This .is formed by first providing a composi-tion ofa-the following character:
Parts by weight Caprylic acid; 3- Capric acid 1 The mixture of acids is fullyesterified withdiel or tri-ethylene glycol, in the, Welleknown mane.- ner. It is believedjthat the reactionresultsin the formation. of. mixed,.esters asnwelllas a ,mix- Such a composition .has
, Parts byweight Nitrocellulose 85 Dinitrotoluol T 10 Mixed tri-ethylene glycol capry1ate-caprate 5 Parts by weight Nitrocellulose 80 Trinitrotoluol 15 Propylene glycol caprylate 5 It is believed that the fact that the agents of the present invention have an oily nature, contributes largely to the eifectiveness thereof in the extrusion operation, since such oily products give excellent lubricating efiects. The plasticizers act rapidly as colloidizing agents and thus insure a uniformcomposition of the finished explosives. Furthermore, the agents are nonhygroscopic and therefore impart such properties to the explosive whereby the tendency to absorb moisture from the air is to a great extent eliminated. It is believed that the aliphatic nature of the plasticizer is responsible for the maintenance of the flashless character of the powder.
All these factors result in a superior finished product.
Compositions made in accordance with the present invention may be used with or without the addition of other ingredients thereto. For instance, it is common to add to smokeless powders, a stabilizer such as diphenylamine, and additions of this character may be made to the present compositions without adversely effecting the same.
The proportions the ingredients may bevaried Within wide limits, depending on the character of the explosive and other factors including the type of, gun in which the explosive is to be used, The plasticizer may range from 2 to of the mixture and the dinitrotoluol may be as much as or more. Other mixtures than the above may be treated as set forth herein, and in such cases, the amount of plasticizer will vary in accordance with the solvent power thereof for the explosive material or composition and other properties.
The above examples are intended to be illustrative of the invention and do not limit the same, the scope of the invention being set forth in the claimsappended hereto.
What is claimed is:
1. A propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose having incorporated therein'a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of a glycol taken from the class consisting of ethylene and propylene glycols with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and V lauric acids.
2*..A propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral esters of diethylene glycol with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.
3. A propellant powder comprising an explosive which is a mixture of about 8 parts of a nitrocellulose and about 1 part of a nitrotoluol, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of a glycol taken from the class consisting of ethylene and propylene glycols with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.
4. A propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral mixed esters of triethylene glycol with a mixture of caprylic and capric acids.
5. A propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive and a minor amount of the mixed poly-ethylene glycol esters ofcaprylie and capric acids, the caprylic being greater in amount than the capric acid.
6. A propellant powder comprising a nitrocellulose explosive and a minor amount of the mixed poly-ethylene glycol esters of caprylic and capric acids, the ratio of.capry1ic to capric acid being about 8 to 1. v
7. A propellant powder comprising an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose, having incorporated therein a minor amount of a composition which is the substantially neutral ester of triethylene glycol with an acid taken from the class consisting of caprylic, capric and lauric acids.
GEORGE BARSKY.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
US433717A 1942-03-07 1942-03-07 Flashless propellant powder composition Expired - Lifetime US2439281A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2580079A (en) * 1947-10-17 1951-12-25 Phillips Henry A De Smoking pipe coating composition
US2883299A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-04-21 Celanese Corp Cellulose propionate compositions
US3985594A (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-10-12 Ab Bofors Method of reducing the muzzle flash when firing firearms loaded with powder, and powder flash-reducing agent intended for this purpose
US4078955A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-03-14 Ab Bofors Flash-reducing agent for powder
EP0160899A2 (en) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-13 Atlas Powder Company Desensitized dynamites

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB356256A (en) * 1930-06-05 1931-09-07 Du Pont Improvements in propellent powders
US2031603A (en) * 1932-05-03 1936-02-25 Du Pont Propionic acid esters and their production
US2076772A (en) * 1934-12-04 1937-04-13 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Smokeless powder
US2115716A (en) * 1933-12-11 1938-05-03 Prolamine Products Inc Plasticized prolamine base composition
US2118506A (en) * 1934-07-07 1938-05-24 Du Pont Long chain alkoxy alkanol esters
US2198746A (en) * 1936-12-28 1940-04-30 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Progressive-burning smokeless powder and method of manufacture
US2221674A (en) * 1937-04-01 1940-11-12 Ellis Foster Co Glycol esters
US2229226A (en) * 1936-06-09 1941-01-21 John Waldron Corp Combination surface and intaglio printing machine
US2396074A (en) * 1942-05-13 1946-03-05 Drew & Co Inc E F Propellant powders containing pelargonic esters

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB356256A (en) * 1930-06-05 1931-09-07 Du Pont Improvements in propellent powders
US2031603A (en) * 1932-05-03 1936-02-25 Du Pont Propionic acid esters and their production
US2115716A (en) * 1933-12-11 1938-05-03 Prolamine Products Inc Plasticized prolamine base composition
US2118506A (en) * 1934-07-07 1938-05-24 Du Pont Long chain alkoxy alkanol esters
US2076772A (en) * 1934-12-04 1937-04-13 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Smokeless powder
US2229226A (en) * 1936-06-09 1941-01-21 John Waldron Corp Combination surface and intaglio printing machine
US2198746A (en) * 1936-12-28 1940-04-30 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Progressive-burning smokeless powder and method of manufacture
US2221674A (en) * 1937-04-01 1940-11-12 Ellis Foster Co Glycol esters
US2396074A (en) * 1942-05-13 1946-03-05 Drew & Co Inc E F Propellant powders containing pelargonic esters

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2580079A (en) * 1947-10-17 1951-12-25 Phillips Henry A De Smoking pipe coating composition
US2883299A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-04-21 Celanese Corp Cellulose propionate compositions
US3985594A (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-10-12 Ab Bofors Method of reducing the muzzle flash when firing firearms loaded with powder, and powder flash-reducing agent intended for this purpose
US4078955A (en) * 1974-07-09 1978-03-14 Ab Bofors Flash-reducing agent for powder
EP0160899A2 (en) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-13 Atlas Powder Company Desensitized dynamites
EP0160899A3 (en) * 1984-05-07 1986-06-25 Atlas Powder Company Desensitized dynamites

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