US2425338A - Printing plate and reinforced carrier therefor - Google Patents

Description

AAug.12,1947. "WHNAU .2,425,338

PRINTINGAPLATE ND REINFORCED CARRIER THEREFOR v l Filed Aug..A 15, 1942 P,VFIEE. F F155. l f ya Patented Aug. 12, 1947 PRINTING PLATE AND REINFRCED CARRIER THEREFOR Wilmer H. Nau, South Euclid, Ohio, assignor to Addressograph--Multigraph Corporation, Cleve'- land, Ohio, a corporation-of Delaware Application August 13, 1942, Serial N0.-454,1679

sv Claims. (C1. i- 369i This invention relatesto printing devices-that embody carriers for printing plates and, desirably, index cards, such cards bearing impressions from at least selectedv of'the type characters provided on the printingV plates, and this invention primarily has to do with such carriers and plates and .the retention of' theprinting plates on the carriers therefor.

Itis quite advantageous to effectively reenforce printing device carriers of the aforesaid character for so to do enables such carriers` and the printing devices ofwhich they are a part to effectively withstand the stresses and'` strains to which they are subjected. in uses to which they are put as, for example, during the insertion of index cards and' plates into the carriers therefor and also during. the passage of the assembled printing devices through .the machines in which they are adapted to be Iused'. Moreover, since printing. device carriers ofv the character to which this invention pertains are usually substantially rectangular in .outline so that one dimension thereofis longer thanthe other dimension .thereof; 'it' is advantageous to effectively reenforce such printingdevices particularly in the. direction ofthe longer extent thereof, and-to enable the foregoing to be accomplished in a novel and efficientA manner isvamong the important objects 'of'this invention.

' Yet* further objects of' this invention are to' form reenforcing ribs in a. printing device carrierparticularly in the portions thereofwhereatjone or more printing plates are to be installed thereon; :to extendsuch reenforcing portions longitudinally in a substantially rectangular carrier'ofgthe aforesaid character; to arrange such portions for cooperation with a configuration iinparted toa printing plate( adaptedt'o be inserted intothe carrier on which such portions areprovided; and to so varrange such portions and meanseffectivegto retain a printingY plate in engagement therewith that once av printing plate isL associated witlisuch a reenforcingA portion and theJ retaining means adapted for coopera-- tiontherewiththe carrier. will be effectively reenforcedz.particularlyA ini the direction. of. the greaterrfextent thereof.

lStill-.further objects-1ofthis. invention are to so formY a.. printing plate that is adapted to `be installed in a .carrierfof'the aforesaid character thatitwill embody portions-adapted for cooperationwith Ieenforcing portions `aii'ordedin the carrier in which. the plate is adapted'to be received to .form ,flanges along opposite marginal edges of a substantially rectangular printing pla-te and to spacejopposite faces of suchflanges' respectively' beneaththe planes in which opposite faces of the plate are disposed; to sok arrange a printing plate offthe. aforesaidcharacter that retainingmeans adapted to overlie marginal portions. thereof `may be arranged to cooperate therewith inLsuch a manner asV to bespaced welll loeneath- .the relief facesoitype characters embossedonthe. plate.;v andito. so formI portions of a. carrier. that` are. adapted to cooperate with flanges or. similarly formed portions along. opposite edges ofiaprintingplate that only a plate embodying a predetermined configuration can' loe inserted-intolsuchmeans. p v

Other andfurther objectsA of' theV present in ventionwill. be apparent. from the following description.. and claims .andare illustrated in. the accompanying drawing which, by way of illustration, shows. a preferred,4 embodiment. and the principle thereof and what I rnow consider to be .thebest mode. in which I have contemplated applying, that principle. therr embodiments.. of the invention embodyingthe same or equivalent principle may. be used and'. structural changes may be. made as desired-.by those skilledin the artlwithout departing from thepresent invention and the purview. of. .the appendedfclaims.

In the. drawing,.

Fig. 1 is. a front-elevational'view of a printing deviceembodying my invention;

Fig. 2is. afront elevational view of a printing platepf: the character adapted. to |be utilized in the frame'4 shown in'Eig. 1;.

Fig. 3is,a sectionalview of the printingnplate .taken-substantially onthe` line 3 3y on Fig. 2;

and.

Y `Figs. 4andl5 are-sectionalldetail views takenV substantially and: respectively onv the lines. 4--4 andi- 5 lon Fig.k 1l

The.. printing device illustrated in theA accompanying. drawing. embodies a frame orcarrier,

generally indicated byv E, on one faceofwhichv aprintingplateP and'anindex card C areadapted to-.be removably retained, 1 The frame` or car.- rier. F- is; desi-rably formed.'v from a Ysubstantially rrectangular.V blank of. sheet. material and may, advantageously be;produced in themanner dis.- closed in Berthel'seuPatent No. 2,070,573,l pat,- @ted-February- 16, 1937. v It. will beunderstood,` however, n that the frame maybe produced. in other ways without departing. from the. ambit of thepresentinvention.

YDesirably, the shorter' marginal! edges of"V the printing device -fram'ej are folded 'in `the manner, for example', explained4 in the'copendin'gajpplication of Carl J. Hueber, Serial No. 450,320, led July 9, 1942, to afford spacing flanges as SF along the shorter marginal edges and on what will be 'referred to hereinafter as the rear face of the 'frame or carrier F. Moreover, grooves as G are desirably formed adjacent to and inwardly of the shorter marginal edges of the frame as F so that the rails afforded on the spacing flanges` as SF on one frame or carrier that is arranged above a frame or carrier as F may t into these grooves to thereby facilitate stacking of the printing devices one upon the other and to be effective to.

lar frame or carrier as F along the shorter marginal edges thereof, such arrangements being effective to prevent undesired twisting or bending of the printing device carrier of the aforesaid character in transverse direction.

The grooves 'as G are formed in marginal panels PA which are disposed along the shorter Inarginal edges of the substantially rectangular frame F, these panels being disposed on the front face of the frame and having the exposed faces thereof arranged to lie in a substantially common plane. The portion of the frame or carrier F intermediate the panels as PA is depressed, as explained in the aforesaid copending application of Carl J. Hueber, Serial No. 450,320, to provide a pocket PI in which the index card as C is adapted to be disposed and a pocket P2 in which a printing plate as P is adapted to be disposed, these pockets being separated one from the other by an upstanding rib R extended transversely across the frame Fand having opposite end portions thereof respectively merged into the panels PA, the exposed face of the rib R desirably lying in the same plane as that in which the exposed faces of the panels PA are disposed.

The marginal portion of the blank from which the frame as F is formed, intermediate the panels PA, is desirably folded toward the face of the frame or carrier F to afford a rounded upper edge I along the upper edge of the frame, the portion of the frame that is so folded terminating in a portion I I that'extends inspaced apart but substantially parallel relation with the adjacent face of the pocket PI, and this portion II merges into a crimped portion I2 which is disposed intermediate the portion I I and a ange I3 that is inclined, preferably on a slight radius toward the adjacent face of the pocket PI but which terminates in spacedapart relation therewith so as to enable an index card as C to be freely inserted therebelow, the free marginal edge of an index card so inserted beneath the flange I3 being adapted4 to lie between adjacent faces of the pocket PI and the formed portion II. The parts that are folded-over onto the face of the frame F, as just described, aord what will be referred to hereinafter as an upper bead UB, and by reason of the formation of the crimped portion I2 in this bead UB, whichV crimped portion is in effect a rib, and the "formation of the bead as UB, effective reenforcement longitudinally of the frame or carrier F adjacent the upper edge thereof is afforded.

The portion of the frame F that is depressed to afford the pockets PI and P2 is joined along opposite edges'thereof to the panels PA by inclined 4 portions I4 and the bead UB, as best shown in Fig. 1, desirably has the opposite edges thereof terminated in spaced relation with these inclined portions I4. Moreover the end portions I5 of the flange I3 of the bead UB are desirably extended in substantially parallel relation with the adjacent face of the pocket PI so that an enlarged entrance is afforded at, for'evxample, the righthand end of the bead UB as it is viewed in Fig. 1 to facilitate the insertion of the marginal portion of an index card C beneath the flange I3 of the bead UB, the portion I5 provided at the opposite end of the bead UB desirably being arranged 2 the lips LI that are struck from the underlying portion of the bottom of the pocket PI and the adjacent vertical wall of the rib R, and these lips as LI are desirably arranged to have the exposed faces thereof disposed in the plane in which the exposed faces of the rib R and panels PA are disposed. The opposite marginal edges of the lips as LI are desirably slightly inclined upwardly, and such upward inclination along the righthand edges of such lips as they are viewed in Fig. 1 facilitates the insertion of an index card therebelow. In this respect it will be understood that an index card C is inserted into the bead UB and the lips LI from the right-hand side of the frame as F as it is viewed in Fig. 1, and in order to prevent the leading edge of an index card as C from riding up the inclined portion I4 at the left-hand side of the frame as it is viewed in Fig. 1, a combined stop and retaining means SR is afforded by a gusset plate which extends between the exposed faces of the panel PA and the end of the rib R at the left-hand side of the frame F as itis viewed in Fig. 1, this gusset plate being spaced from the adjacent face of the pocket PI so that the lower corner at the leading end of an index card C inserted into the carrier may pass therebelow. In order to insure that an index card as C will be effectively retained in the pocket PI 'once it has been inserted thereinto in the manner just described, a lip L3 is struck from the panel PA at the right-hand side of the frame as it is viewed in Fig. 1 desirably in juxtaposition to the bead UB, this lip LI extending inwardly from the aforesaid panel PA over the adjacent inclined part I 4, and when an index card is inserted into the pocket PI the trailing edge thereof is caused to pass beyond the free marginal edge of the lip L3 so as to thereby enable this free marginal edge to thereafter be passed beneath this lip.

A lower bead LB is provided along the lower marginal edge of the frame F by folding a portion of the material of ,the blank from which the frame F is formed over onto the face of the frame F, the opposite end portions of a bead as LB desirably being spaced slightly inwardly from the inclined parts I4 in the same manner as that in which the end portions -of the bead UB are spaced from these inclined parts. The material of thenframe from which the blank F that is thus-folded over onto the face of the frame F to afford the lower bead LB is formed is folded to provide a rounded edge I6 at the lower edge A of the frame, and the free marginal portion of apart relation with the plane iny which the adjacent 'face of the pocket P2 is disposed.

However, in order to effectively reenforce the frame F along the lower marginal edge thereof the marginal portion of the frame F immediately inwardly of the rounded edge I6 is offset so as to have the exposed face thereof disposed above the plane in which the adjacent face of the pocket P2 is disposed so as to thereby afford a panel I8 that is .connected to the portion of the frame F that affords the bottom of the pocket P2 by an offset portion I9 which is in the nature of a rib and which is therefore effective, in cooperation with the configuration of the bead LB, to reenforoe the frame F longitudinally and at the lower edge thereof.

While therib R is effective to reenforce the frame `F longitudinally thereof medially between the beads as LB and UB, I have found that by providing an offset panel 20 in the frame F adjacent the rib R additional longitudinal reenforcement may be imparted to the frame F medially thereof. The panel 20 is formed by offsetting the material .of the frame adjacent the rib R and in the portion thereof affording the pocket P2 so that the frontface of the panel 20 lies in the same plane as that in which the front face of .the panel .I8 is disposed, the portion that is so offset toafford the panel 20 being connected to the portion of the material providing the pocket P2 by the offset portion 2| which, like the offset portion I9, is in the nature of a rib and which therefore is effective to provide longitudinal reenforcement VYfor the frame longitudinally and substantially medially thereof.

A printing. plate as P is adapted to be inserted into the pocket as P2 so as to have opposite mar.- ginal edgesthereof disposed in engagement with the front faces of the panels I8 and 20 and to this end flanges 22 and 23 are formed lalong the opposite longer edges .of the substantially rectangular plate as P. Desirably the flanges as 22 and 423 Aare formed on the plate as P by a swaging operation as by rolling, coining or extruding for so to do enables sharp edges and corners to be eliminated ,from .the flanges as 22 and 2,3, and moreover .such an operation in eect irons the material .of the plate that is deformed to afford such `flanges so .as to thereby strengthen the same. Moreover, the flanges 22 and 23 are arranged .to have opposite faces thereof disposed in substantially parallel relation one with the other and these opposite faces of the flanges 22 and 2 3 4a-re'respectively offset or rabbeted beneath the planes in lwhich lthe opposite faces of the substantially flat plate P are disposed, and desirably the opposite faces of the flanges 22 and 23 are equidistantly offset from the respective and adjaanl 4faces of the plate as P.

bestshown in Fig. 4, the flange 23 on the Plate vas P is adapted to be inserted into the space .between the flange II and the front face of thepanel 1.8, and thismay be effected by slidi112. :the plate 4into the .channel that is thus faffereledr either .from the right-hand end or the left-hand end of the frame F as it is viewed in Fig. 1. Moreover, lips as L2 are struck from the adjacentiportion of the panel20 and the adjacent vertical wall of the rib R .to have the exposed faces'thereof extended in the plane in which the exposed face ofthe rib R is disposed, the lips L2 therefore yeifitendng in substantially parallel but spaced yapartrelation Awith the :front face of the panel-.2,0 s o as to thereby enable the flange as 22 on va plate as P to be yinserted into the .channel defined between adjacent faces of the lips L2 and the panel 20, the flange 22 passing into this channel as the plate is passed into the channel between adjacent faces of the flange I1 and the panel I8. In this respect it will be noted that the panels I8 and 20 are offset from the bottom of the pocket PI in an amount substantially equal to the spacing of corresponding faces of the flanges 22 and 23 from the face of the plate P that is adapted to be engaged with the front face of the bottom of the pocket P2 when the plate is inserted into this pocket in the manner described hereinabove. Therefore, when a plate as P is inserted into the pocket P2 one face thereof lies against the bottom of the pocket P2 and corresponding faces of the flanges 22 and 23 respecively engage the front faces of the panels I8 and Desirably, the end portions of the lips as LI and L2 are slightly inclined upwardly to afford enlarged entrances therebelow to facilitate the insertion of a flange as 22 into the .channel between such lips and the adjacent face of the panel as 20. It will therefore be seen that once a plate as P is inserted into position beneath the lips as L2 and the flange as I'I the plate is held against the face of .the bottom of the pocket P2 and the plate P and the frame F are held against lateral or face to face separation.

While in many uses to which a printing device of :the .character to which this invention pertains may .be put .the inclinedparts I will be effective to prevent Alongitudinal displacement of a printina` plate as P from the pocket as P2, in many instances it may be desirable to effectively insure against such longitudinal displacementl of .the plate from the .pocket P2. In such circum-l stances, spring tongues as ST of the character,l for example, disclosed in the aforesaid cepending Aapplication .of ,Carl J. Hueber, Serial No. L1.50320, may be .provided at opposite ends of the pocket' P2, such tongues being yieldable and depressible so as to therebyenable stops as S formed thereon .to ybe moved out of cooperating relation with the adjacent .end of a plate as P so as to thereby .enable a plate as P to be slid thereover and 'be removed from :the pocket P2. In this respect it .will be .understood .that one or the other of the spring tongues ST is depressed when a plate las P is adapted to be inserted into a pocket as P2.

'I'.ypecharacters as T are lcustomarily embossed on a printing plate as P in, for example, an embossing .machine of the kind disclosed in Duncan Patent No. 1,519,904, patented December 9, 192.4, or in. a similar apparatus. Plates suitable for suchternbossing are commonly made of sheet metal or sheet plastic material having suitable embossing .properties and of sufficient-,thickness and innate strength to resist deformation of printing characters embossed thereon when subjected -to printing pressure in a printing apparatus. The thickness of such plates Ahowever must not exceed that which will impair the embossing of printing characters on the plates to appear vin relief on one face thereof and in intaglioon the opposite face, .especially when such printing characters are embossed on the plates in embossingmachines of Athe kind referred to hereinabove and in common use. In practice it has longbeeneknown that plates of the aforesaid character shouldnot be substantiallymore than .030 in .thickness and printing plates of the aforesaid character-as these have been long used- 7 in the art and have ranged in thickness between .012 and .020.

Inasmuch as printing devices of the character to which this invention pertains are often passed seriatim through a machine of the character disclosed in the copending application of C'arl J'. Hueber, Serial No. 388,998, led April 17, 1941, now Patent No. 2,359,850, patented October 10, 1944, a notch as N may advantageously be formed in one of the shorter marginal edges of the frame as F, such a notch desirably being arranged in the manner described in Gollwitzer Patent No. 2,132,412, patented October 1l, 1938, and being utilized, for example, in the manner described in detail in Gollwitzer Patent No. 2,132,4-214, also patented October 11, 1938.

Another very important advantage which accrues from affording flanges as 22 and 23 on a plate as P is that such flanges are not only arranged for cooperation with reenforcing arrangements such as those including the panels I8 and 20, but the spacing of corresponding faces of flanges 22 and 23 beneath the face of a printing plate as P on which type characters as T are embossed to appear in relief enables the exposed faces of the retaining devices on the carrier adapted to overlie marginal portions of such a printing plate to be so spaced below the plane in which the relief faces of lthe embossed type characters are disposed so that the likelihood of objectionable impressions being made from such retaining devices is avoided. Thus by referring to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the exposed faces of the lips as L2 and flange as I1 are so spaced beneath the relief faces of the type characters as T that are embossed on the plate as P that ample clearance is afforded between such relief faces of the type characters and the exposed faces of the retaining devices as the lips L2 and the flange Il, such clearance being suil'cient to insure that the impression-making member in the machine in which printing devices of this character are utilized will cooperate with the relief faces of the type characters to produce impressions without coming in contact with the exposed faces of the retaining devices, and it is this that insures against objectionable impressions being made from `the retaining devices for the plate as P.

While the printing device carrier as illustrated in the accompanying drawings embodies two longitudinally extending panels for the purpose of imparting reenforcement thereto, it will be understood that one or the other of such panels might be eliminated without departing from the purview of the present invention for in many instances one such panel will impart suicient longitudinal reenforcement to the frame. It will '.be understood, however, that if one such panel :is omitted it will not be essential that there be any modication of the flanges as 22 and 23 on Athe printing plate as P nor need there be any substantial modification of the retaining means on the carrier adapted for cooperation with such flanges. The reason for this is .that even if one of the panels I8 or 20 is omitted the printing plate such as the plate P may still be inserted into a frame or carrier as F having but one such panel. In such an instance the face of the flange 22 or 23 that would normally cooperate with a panel as 20 or I8 will merely be spaced from the underlying portion of the bottom of the pocket P2 in the instance where the panel 20 or I8 is omitted. In this respect, however, it will be advantageous to provide a panel as I8 for such a panel is effective to reenforce the carrier along the lower edge thereof, and this, in cooperation with the longitudinal reenforcement imparted to the frame or carrier as aforesaid along the upper edge thereof, will, in most of the uses to which a printing device of the character t0 which this invention pertains, impart sufcient reenforcement to the frame.

Further with respect to the foregoing, however, it will be understood that if, for example, a panel as 2D is omitted, then the configuration imparted to a flange as 22 that is adapted to cooperate with such panel may be omitted in the event that this should be desired, and in such an instance the printing plate would embody but one flange having both faces thereof spaced from opposite faces of the printing plate. Since, however, it is advantageous to include two such flanges on the printing plate, it is preferred that the novel printing plate of this invention be formed in this manner.

It will be manifest from the foregoing description that I have provided a printing device which is effectively reenforced longitudinally thereof both along the upper and lower marginal portions thereof. This is accomplished in accordance with the hereinabove described preferred form of my invention by forming longitudinally extending panels in the carrier of the printing device in position to cooperate with complementarily formed portions on a printing plate adapted to be installed on the carrier. Moreover, I have so arranged a printing plate that is adapted to be used on a carrier of the aforesaid character that marginal edges are afforded thereon which are not only adapted to cooperate with reenforcing panels afforded on the carrier but which are also so arranged as to so cooperate with retaining means afforded on the carrier that are adapted for cooperation therewith that impressions may be made from the relief faces of type characters embossed on the plate without the likelihood of impressions being made from the retaining means that overlie opposite marginal portions of the plate.

Many other advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the accompanying drawing and foregoing description and it is to be understood that While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, this is capable of variation and modification and I therefore do not wish to be limited to the precise details set forth, but desire to avail myself of such changes and alterations as fall within the purview of the following claims:

I claim:

l. A at printing plate of not substantially more than .030 in thickness on which type characters may be embossed to appear in relief on one face and in intaglio on the opposite face thereof, and a swaged marginal portion of reduced thickness extended along at least one marginal edge of the plate embodying a rounded free edge and having rounded corners at the free ends thereof, said portion including oppositely arranged faces parallel to the faces of the plate that are respectively disposed to lie below the planes of the opposite faces of the plate.

2. A flat printing plate of not substantially more than .030" in thickness on which type characters may be embossed to appear in relief on one face and in intaglio on the opposite face thereof, and swaged marginal flanges of reduced thickness extended along opposite edges of said plate each embodying rounded free edges and having rounded corners at the free ends thereof, each such flange including substantially parallel vfaces that are respectively disposed below and parallel with the opposite faces of said plate.

3. A printing device including a carrier, an embossable printing plate, means for securing the plate on one face of the carrier and including retaining means adapted to overlie at least selected of the marginal portions of the plate, said plate being formed from sheet material and including a rabbeted flange of reduced thickness, along at least selected marginal edges thereof that are adapted to be disposed under at least selected of the retaining means, each such selected of the retaining means being formed to project over and closely overlie the flange on the plate that is adapted to be disposed thereunder, and a formed portion in said carrier affording a reenforcement therefor and disposed to underlie a ange oi reduced thickness along a marginal edge of the printing plate When said plate is installed in said carrier, such flange embodying a configuration that is complementary to said formed portion in the carrier.

4. A printing device including a carrier, an embossable printing plate, means for securing the plate on one face of the carrier and including retaining means adapted to overlie opposite marginal portions of the plate, the opposite marginal portions of the plate that are adapted to underlie the retaining means for such opposite marginal portions of the plate being rabbeted to provide flanges of reduced thickness, the retaining means adapted for cooperation with such portions of the platefbeing formed to closely overlie such flanges, and a formed portion in said carrier aording a reenforcement therefor and disposed to underlie one of the rabbeted flanges on the plate When said plate is inserted into said retaining means, the ralobeted flange of said plate that overlies the formed portion in the carrier being so formed as to be complementary to the formed portion in the carrier.

5. A printing device carrier adapted to have at least one printing plate mounted thereon and including means for securing the plate thereto, comprising a carrier body portion and a formed portion in said carrier along one marginal edge thereof and above which a marginal edge of the plate is adapted to be disposed when the plate is mounted on the carrier, said formed portion having elements out of the plane of the body portion constituted and arranged to aiTord a reenforcement for said body portion of said carrier along said edge thereof.

6. A printing device carrier adapted to have at least one printing plate mounted thereon and including means for securing the plate thereto, said carrier having beads formed along opposite marginal edges thereof and one of said beads having a conguration imparted thereto that is eiective to reenforce the marginal portion of the carrier along which such bead is disposed, such bead being located along the edge of the carrier opposite that along which the marginal portion of the printing plate is adapted to be disposed, the other of the lbeads being formed to overlie a marginal portion of the printing plate, and a formed portion on said carrier underlying the bead adapted to overlie the marginal portion of the printing plate, said formed portion being constituted and arranged to afford a support for an edge of said plate and a structural reenforcement for the portion of the carrier in Which it is provided.

7. A printing device carrier adapted to have at least one printing plate mounted thereon and including means for securing the plate thereto, said carrier having beads formed along opposite marginal edges thereof and one of said beads having a configuration imparted thereto that is eiTective to reenforce the marginal portion of the carrier along which such bead is disposed, such bead being located along the edge of the carrier opposite that along Which the marginal portion of the plate is adapted to be disposed, the other of the beads being formed to overlie a marginal portion of the printing plate, and a raised panel on the carrier underlying .the bead adapted to overlie a marginal edge of the printing plate, said raised panel being adapted to underlie and support the same marginal edge of a plate and including a rib Which is effective in cooperation Wi-th the panel and the bead under which the panel is disposed to reenforce the carrier.

8. A printing device carrier adapted to have mounted thereon at least one printing plate having a flange along at least one marginal edge thereof that has at least one face thereof offset from and parallel with a face of the plate, said carrier comprising means for securing the plate thereto that include an inturned bead along one edge of the carrier and at least one raised panel on the carrier spaced from and parallelY with said inturned bead and disposed thereon in a position to underlie the flange on the printing plate when the same is mounted on the carrier, said raised panel providing a supporting surface for the ange on the printing plate and providing a rifb projecting out of the plane of the carrier which with the panel affords a reenforcement for the carrier.

WTLMER H. NAU.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,026,244 Duncan May 14, 1912 1,872,173 Paschali Aug. 16, 1932 834,795 Laycock Nov, 13, 1906 1,928,161 Wood Sept. 26,1933 478,750 Horgan July 12, 1892 1,550,259 Jackson Aug. 18, 1925 1,921,202 Mungen Aug. 8, 1933 1,951,596 Creesy Mar. 20, 1934 2,039,074 Farrington Apr. 28, 1936 1,087,223 Duncan Feb. 17, 1914 146,454 Hughes Jan. 13, 1874 743,759 Severy Nov. 10, 1903 2,074,587 Illium Mar. 23, 1937 1,680,819 Steindorf Aug. 14, 1928 1,302,850 Rand May 6, 1919 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 330,432 Great Britain June 12, 1930

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