US2423119A - Hydrophone selecting system - Google Patents

Description

my l, 1947- J.' B. RETALLAcK y'YDROPIONE SELECTING SYSTEM 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. 8, 1945 /Nl/EN TOR JB. RE TALL/16K A TTORA/EV J. B. RETALLACK HYPROPHONE SELECTING SYSTEM Filed NOV. 8, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Y /M/ENTOR JMB. RETALLACK Bv 69%@ c. cmu@ A TTORNEV July n, 1947.

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Patented July l, 1947 HYDROPHONE SELEGTING SYSTEM John B. Retallack, New York, N. Y., assignor to Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application November 8, 1943, Serial No. 509,448

3 Claims.

This invention relates to hydrophone systems and more particularly to a selecting system for connecting a particular one of a number of hydrophone stations to a central station for signaling.

An object of this invention is the improvement of hydrophone systems.

A more particular object of this invention is the improvement of hydrophone station selection.

In hydrophone systems a number of hydrophone stations are ordinarily connected to a central signaling station. The various hydrophone stations must be arranged so that they may be selectively connected to the central station for signaling purposes. The invention herein provides improvements in the selecting apparatus so that the selecting apparatus is better adapted for hydrophone service.

One of the chief difficulties encountered in hydrophone operation is the failure of such systems due to corrosion of metal parts of the system caused by moisture. In the selecting arrangements herein failure due to corrosion of metal parts of the selecting apparatus is substantiallyv eliminated.

In one form of the invention in which the hydrophone stations are spaced at intervals along a. single two-conductor marine cable, relay contacts enclosed in sealed envelopes of glass or the like are employed to protect the contacts against moisture. Further in order to simplify the selecting apparatus copper-oxide rectiers or the like are employed in series with the windings of selecting relays. This permits the employment of a single neutral relay to perform the function of two relays or of a polarized relay thus minimizing trouble conditions.

In another form of the invention where the marine area served by the hydrophones makes it feasible the marinev cable is run under Water to a position of vantage where all of the selecting apparatus is located in a single sealed container. This forms an underwater central selecting station. From the selecting station, shorter individual lengths of marine cable radiate to the positions of the various hydrophones. In this arrangement also the selecting apparatus is simplified by the employment of a network of copper-oxide rectiers or the like in series with the windings of neutral relays.

'I'he invention may be understood from the following description when read with reference to the associated drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows a selecting arrangement in which the individual selecting apparatus for each of the l "A hydrophone stations is spaced along a single twoconductor submarine cable. Y

Fig. 2 shows a selecting arrangement in which the selecting apparatus is located in a single sealed container at an underwater vantage point from which individual marine cables radiate to the various hydrophone stations.

Fig. 3 shows a selecting code used in explaining Fig. 2.

Refer to Fig. 1. In this iigure a signalingv sta'- tion I and a selecting station 2, both located on land, are connected to a two-conductor submarine cable 3. The submarine cable is enclosed in an impervious sheath 4 which is connected to ground 5. The submarine cable is laid on the earth beneath a body of Water such as a channel, bay, etc. At intervals along the length of the submarine cable, five hydrophones 6, 1, 8, 9 and Iii are located. Each hydrophone, the details of which are not shown but are well known in the art, is connected to the two conductorsy of. the submarine cable by means of an individual selecting mechanism. Each of `four of the ve selecting mechanisms, those for hydrophones 6, 1, 8 and 9 has one electromagnetic relay uniti I, I2, I3 and I4, each consisting of two pairs of cooperating relay contacts I 1 and I 8, vI9 and 20, 2| and 22, 23 and 2li. Each pair of contacts is sealed in an individual glass envelope 25 and 26, 21 and 28, 29 and 30, 3| and 32. l each of the envelopes is an individual magnetic winding 33 and 34, 35 and 36, 3'I and 38, 39 and di). Each of the two windings forming a pair at a particular station is connected in series to the other, so that their two sets of associated contacts are opened and closed in unison when the electrical paths through the windings are opened and closed in a manner to be described below.

Two of the four hydrophones 6, I, 8 and 9,y

namely, hydrophones 6 and l, are arranged to be selected by current transmitted from the selecting station over the lower conductor 3a. Of these two hydrophones, hydrophone 6 is arranged to be selected by current of positive polarity andv the other hydrophone, hydrophone 'I is arranged to be selected by current of negative polarity transmitted over conductor 3a. Hydrophones 8 and 9 are arranged to be selected by current transmitted over conductor 3b. Hydrophone 8 is` selected by battery of positive -polarity transed by battery of negative polarity transmitted mitted over conductor 3b. Hydrophone 9 is select.- ed by battery of negative polarity transmitted over conductor 3b.

rAi, each of the four hydrophones 6, 1, sf 'and s1- Surrounding' 'that it is Connected to the Y is connected to either conductor and hydrophone there are a pair of rectox rectiers such as 15 and 15, 11 and 18,19 and 80, and 8| and 82, connected into the selecting circuit. The rectiers are poled in such manner that each of the four stations 6, 1, 8 and 9 responds only to current of the proper polarity transmitted over the proper conductor.

In order tomaKe a' selection of one of thefour hydrophones 6, 1, 8 and 9, some one of the four keys 9|, 92, 93 o-r 96 is actuated to connect battery of the proper polarity to the proper conductor. When no key is actuated, no currentisconnected to either conductor, For this condition hydrophone H) is connected toY the line.' The selecting circuit at hydrophonelil` is arrangedso line when Vno current l is disconnected from the line when currentof either polarity is connected to either conductor. Inithe system of the invention therefore it is possible to select any' of the' five hydrophones'. One of the ve is normally' connected 'to-the line and is disconnected when current of either polarityisconducted over either of the two'cable cone ductors. Each of' the otherpfour is' selected when durrent` of' a' particular"v polarity is impressed on a particular one of'two'conductors.

Thel'operation of the circuit per Fig; l wil'lnow be described in detail.

v Whenthe'circuit per'Fig. l is' in'the condition shownv on the drawing, that is with noneof the contacts of keys" 9|, 9.2, 93' or Sil' closed, positive battery' 4|' and negative" battery' 44 are discon-f nected from' the' submarineA cable` conductors 3a' and 3b." Under these' circumstances signaling station is'. connected' to' hydrophone" IB; Signalingstation. is connected by means of a pair of conductors to the primary of transformer 1.

The' secondary of the' transformer comprises an upper winding 64` and a lower winding' 65, the,

inner terminals of'which are'connected'to opposite plates' of condenser 58'. The'oute'r terminals of' windings 60' and 64 are connected tol conductors' 3a" and.3b of the submarine'cable The contact's 4'8 and 4'9"; in glass envelopes 50 and 5| respectively; of relay unit I6 are' closed when windings 56 and'51` are deenergized. The circuit extends from the bottom'terrninalof the secondary winding 60 of transformer 41 through conductor" 3a', contact 48, through hydrophone Il), Contact: 49, and conductor 3b to the top terminal of' the secondary winding' 64 ofv transformer 41.

When the contacts of key 9 are closed, a circuit may be traced' from ground through positive batter`y`41`, lamp 42, resistance 43', contacts of key 9T, winding 60, conductor 3a, relay `windings 34 and 33, rectier 15 and" resistance 62 to ground 5. Contacts |1` and |8` close, connecting hydrophon'e' across conductors 3a and 3b.

When thec'on'tacts of key' 52' are closed, a circuit maybe traced' from ground through negative battery 44, lamp 45; resistance 45, contacts of key' 92;, winding 60', conductor 3a', relay windings 36`a'n'dV 35 in series,.rectier 11, and resistance 84 t6 ground 5'. Contacts I9' and 201 close, connecting hydrophone 1 across conductors' 3a and 3b.

When the contacts of key93 are'closed, a circuit may betraced from ground through positive battery 4|, lamp' 42, resistance 43', contactsv of key 93; winding" 64,. conductorV 3o, relay windings 38 and' 31 in series, rectier 19 and resistance 6B' to ground 5'. Contacts 2| and 22 close', connecting hydrophone 8 across conductors 3a" and` 3U.

When the'coritact's'o'f key 94 are closed, a circuit may be traced from ground through negative battery 24, lamp 45, resistance 46, contacts of key 54, winding 64, conductor 3b, relay windings M1 and 39 in series, rectifier H and resistance GS to ground 5. Contacts 23 and 2d close, connecting hydrophone 9 across conductors 3a and 3b.

When either positive or negative battery is impressed on conductor 5c through the operation of a selecting key, a circuit is extended through inductance coil 15 and winding 12 to ground 5 closing contact 52. This establishes a second circuit frorn conductor 3a, inductance 15, contact 52 and relay windings 51 and 55 in series to ground 5to operi contacts l-S and 49, which are normally closed, disconnecting hydrophonc I9 from ccnductors 3a. and 3b.

When eitherY positive or negative battery is connected tov conductor 3b by the operation of a selecting key, a circuit extends from conductor 3o through inductance 13 and relay Winding 14 to ground 5 closing contact 53. This in turn extends the circuit from conductor b'through inductance "s3, contacts 53 and relay windings 5'! and 55 in series to ground 5. Contacts 6? and @9 open disconnecting hydrophone lf3 from conductors 3a and 3b.

vThe magnitudes of resistances- 62, 84, 55 and 68 are low relative to the magnitudes' ofl the resistances of the relay windings so asv to provide a lowresistanceshunt around the relay windings to ground when selections are'bei'ng made over the opposite conductor,

Fromthe above it should be apparent that normally hydrophone ID is connected to signaling station l. When any one of selecting keys 9| to 5G is actuated to its alternate position some one hydrophone of hydrophones 6 toti is connected to signaling station I andhydrophone luis disconnected from signaling station l.

Refer to Fig. 2. In this arrangement aV signaling station 25| is connected'through'transformer 262 anda two-conductor submarinel cable' enclosed in an impervious sheath' 254; to an un-Y derwater selecting switching station'which isenclosed in a sealed container 255. Connected indvidually toY the underwater selecting switchincf,

station are nine hydrophones 2|| to 2 l5. Hydrophone 2| 9 is normally connectedto signaling stan tion 25|; Hydrophonel 2|!) is disconnectedy from signaling station 20| and any one of the other eight hydrophones maybe selected by operating either a single key or two keys of theA group of four keys 22| to 224'at selecting station 21,

v The key numbers of the selecting keys 22| to 224 the contacts of which are closed to select a particular hydrophone are indicated in the code table per Fig. 3. shows a dash in the bottom left-hand column which indicates that hydrophone 2|9, as shown in the corresponding right-hand column of Fig. 3` is'connected to signaling station 20| when no keys are operated. The circuit which connects hydrophone 219 to signaling' station 22| may be traced from the bottom terminal of the winding' 212 of the secondary of transformer 202 through conductor 2830;, contact 232d, contact 242e, con-V Reference to this' table of inductance coil 226, winding of relay 232, rectiiier 231i and rectifier 235 to ground 266. Relay 232 is operated. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terminal of winding 212 through conductor Ec, contact 232C, contact Zlm, contact 256m, hydrophone 2 i i, Contact 25M, contact iia, and Contact 23217 to the top terminal of winding Elfi. The inner terminals ci transformer windings 2M anc are interconnected through condenser 22:6,

When the contacts of key 222 are closed, a circuit may be traced from ground through negative battery itt, lamp resistance 2?@ contacts of key 222, winding 2'52, conductor fla, winding 228, rectifier 238, rectiiier 249 and the winding of relay 252 to ground operating relay M2. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terminal of winding 2'5'2, conductor Eil-Ga, Contact 2325i, contact 2/l2tl, contact 2Mo, contact 25th. hydrophone 252, contact 25ste, contact 256i, contact 262C, contact 232e, and conductor ESSI) to the top terminal of winding 2M.

When the contacts of key 223 are closed, a circuit may be raced from ground, through positive battery 259, lamp 252, resistance 2%, contacts of key 223, winding 214, conductor 293i), winding 239 of inductance 226, rectifier 254, rectifier Edt, and winding 245i to ground 2595 operating relay 27d/Ji. A circuit may then be traced from the Toottom terminal of winding 212, conductor 293e, contact 2326i, contact 2&26', contact 255ML, hydrophone 2l3, contact Edile, contact 252i] and contact 23211 to the top terminal of winding Elli.

When the contacts of key 2213 are closed a circuit may be traced from ground through nega-- tive battery lamp 25S, resistance 2lb, contacts of key 22d, winding 274, conductor 29312, Winding 291i, winding of relay 253 and rectiiiers 2li8 and 252 to ground operating relay 2%. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terininal of winding 252, conductor 2t3a, contact 23201, contact 2i2e, Contact Zilli. contact Ziliii, hydrophone 2 ifi, contact 255311, contact Mid, contact 2132?) and contact 232e to the top terminal of winding 27d.

When the contacts ci keys 22! and 223 are closed simultaneously, relays 232 and 2M are operated simultaneously over paths traced above.

A circuit may then be traced from the bottom4 terminal of winding 2l?, through conductor a, contact 232C, co-ntact ZMZ, hydrophone 2l5, contact 2Mb and contact 2321i to the top terminal oi winding 271i.

When the contacts of keys 22| and 22e are closed simultaneously, relays 22! and 2523 are opn erated simultaneously over paths traced above. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terminal of winding 272, through conductor 2230., contact 232e, contact 241517Z, contact 2591, hydrophone 2l6, contact 25M?, Contact 26de and contact 2322) to the top terminal of winding Z'M.

When the contacts of keys 222 and 223 are closed simultaneously, relays 242 and 24@ are operated simultaneously over Ypaths traced above. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terminal of winding 2'32, through conductor 23a, contact 2l2f, contact 25H16, hydrophone 2 H, contact 2Mo, and contact 2132er to the top terminal of coil 214.

When the contacts of keys 222 and 221i are closed simultaneously, relays 242 and 25B are operated simultaneously over paths traced above. A circuit may then be traced from the bottom terminal of winding 2'52, through conductor 2ll3a, contact 2326i, contact 22d, contact 2Mo, contact 250g, hydrophone 2 is, contact 250), contact 245i,

contact 2220, and contact 232e to the top terminal of coil 2M.

What is claimed is:

1. In a switching system, a control station, a central switching station, four neutral relays only at said switching station, contacts on said relays, said contacts arranged in a modified fan circuit, nine two conductor paths establishable through said fan circuit, nine selectable elements, an individual two wire path connecting each of said selectable elements to a corresponding individual one of said nine two conductor paths, a winding on each of said relays, a plurality of rectiers at said switching station connected to said windings to form a network, grounded positive and negative battery at said control station; a first and a second conductor each extending from said control station to said network, said rst and said second conductor connected also to said fan circuit, a return conducting path from said network to said grounded battery, means at said control station for impressing permutated conditions of said grounded positive and negative battery through said rst and said second conductor, through said network and through said return path to said grounded battery, and means, responsive to the impressing of said conditions, for selectively extending said rst and second conductor through any particular one of said nine two conductor paths, and through its connected two wire path to its connected selectable element.

2. In a hydrcphone station selecting system, a land signaling station, an underwater central switching station, a single submarine cable having two metallic conductors only and an impervious metallic sheath interconnecting said stations, said sheath connected to ground at said land station, no more than four relays at said central station, all of said relays neutral relays, a, winding and contacts on each of said relays, said contacts arranged in a modified fan circuit, nine individual two conductor paths establishable through said fan circuit, nine selectable hydrophones each connected individually through a two Wire path to a corresponding one of said nine paths, a plurality of rectiiiers at said central station, all of said windings and all of said rectiers interconnected in a network, connections from said two metallic conductors to both said network and said contacts, grounded positive and negative battery at said land station, means at said land station for impressing permutated conditions of said grounded positive and negative battery on said two metallic conductors, through said network and through said sheath to said ground connected to said sheath, and means, responsive to said impressing of said conditions, for selectively extending both of said two metallic conductors simultaneously through any particular one of said nine paths and its connected two wire path to its connected hydrophone.

3. In combination in a hydrophone station selecting system, a land signaling station, a land selecting station, an underwater selecting switching mechanism, ve hydrophones each interconnected by means of two individual conductors only to said mechanism, a single transformer having a primary and a secondary winding, said secondary winding having two coils, said coils having their inner terminals interconnected through a condenser, one first pair of conductors only interconnecting said signaling station and said primary winding, one second pair of conductors only connecting said selecting station to the i all junctions between said condenser and said coils of said secondary winding, one third pair of con ductors only extending from the outer terminals of said Secondary Winding' to said switching mechanism, an impervious sheath for said third pair, ground connected to said sheath, a rst and a second pair of keys only, at said selecting station, connected to said rst and second conductor of said second pair respectively, positive or negati-vebattery connectable to one or the other key of each of said pair of keys, a plurality of neutral relays insaid mechanism each having a winding connected through an individual rectifier network to said groundedsheath, a circuit eiectively interconnecting said signaling station and a particular oneV of said five hydrophones through said rst and third pairs. of conductors and said mechanism, said circuit being established when all of said keys-are.normal,l and means responsive to the actuation ofany particular one of saidV keys for establishing a selecting control circuit extendingA through one of said relaywindings and said sheath to said ground so as toeectively interconnect a corresponding one of the four other ci said five hydrophones through said rst and REFERENCES CITED The following references are of recordA in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 743,512 Jacobs Nov. 10, 190,3. 760,399 Peneld May 17, 1904 1,704,736 Geiger Mar. 12, 1929 1,499,766 Field July 1, 1924 1,501,109 Harlow July 15, 1 924, 2,352,742 Sofel July 4, 1944` 1,820,354 Leesson Aug. 25, 1931 2,278,410 Bascom Apr. '7., 1942 2,347,108 Hubbard Apr. 18, 1944iV 2,289,830 EllWoGd July 14, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Datel 314,112 Great Britain June 24, 1929

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