US2422444A

US2422444A - Drawing mechanism for textile slivers

Info

Publication number: US2422444A
Application number: US584383A
Authority: US
Inventors: Solanas Ramon Balmes
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-04-14
Filing date: 1945-03-23
Publication date: 1947-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 1964-06-17
Also published as: NL70507C; BE463687A; FR910161A; NL63508C; GB590746A

Description

R. B. SOLANAS DRAWING MECHANI'SM FOR TEXTILE sLIvERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Ilarch 23,' 1945 Invenfor:

' 'Ranma/nl 'Bdmes Solanas y B ffmf June 17, 1947.

R. B. sQLANAs Fnedvuarcn 23. 1945 2 sheets-sheet 2 im nn //r.. L wf Pafenfed June 17, 1941 s PATENT oEEicE DRAWING MECHANISM FOR TEXTILE SLIVERS Ramn Balmes Solanas, Santa Coloma clev Cervello, Spain Application March 23, 1945, Serial No. 584,383 In Spain April 14, 1944 Claims. 1

My invention relates to the drawing or drafting mechanisms for textile slivers used in spinning machines for the spinning of cotton or other textile fibres, that include various pairs of rollers and a conducting or accompanying roller for the fibers arranged in such a way that it rests freely on the lower rollers of two consecutive pairs, to conduct and accompany the fibres of the sliver and to reduce at the same time the width of the latter. A drawing mechanism of this type is described in the patent of the'same inventor No. 2,205,701.

The drawing mechanism described in this previous patent includes a pair of feeding or entrance rollers for the sliver, a second pair of intermediate rollers that, in combination with the feeding rollers, make a drawing action, a pair of retaining or slip rollers that revolve at a peripheral speed slightly superior to the intermediate rollers, and lastly, a pair of final or delivery rollers for the exit of the thread, -being those that produce the final drawing of the sliver, held by the intermediate rollers, and sliding the bres between the retaining or slip rollers. The mechanism described in the former patent above mentioned, includes as an essential element, between the two intermediate rollers and the two slip rollers, a conducting roller that takes the sliver from one pair of rollers to the other, combined with a condenser or reducer of the width of the sliver, compelling the fibres to come close together. This conducting roller is, in the former patent arranged to simply lie on the lower rollers of the two adjacent pairs and is combined with the condenser for the sliver in such manner that the latter, on passing under the conducting roller, is obliged to penetrate the throat of the condenser', the fibres being thus brought together to assure a better drawing.

The present invention has -for its object certain; improvements introduced into the'mechanism of the above-mentioned former patent, by whichfa considerably more perfect working of the mechanism and a better quality in the threads produced are obtained. With these improvements not only is the construction of the mechanism s1mplified but its manipulation by the workmen is made easier and, also, the depositing in the vital parts of the mechanism of nbre-ends or ufl that are always floating inthe spinning rooms and slowdown the normal working, is avoided.

Moreover, with the improvements that are the u object of this ,invention a reciprocating movement is given to the sliver condenser, syncronized tion, which comprise positively driving the condenser with a reciprocating movement, save the sliver from having, at this point, to make an appreciable effort which might contribute to reducing its resistance.

With the improvements of this invention, the difliculties that still occur in the practical working of the mechanism of the former patent abovementioned are solved and, in particular, the following advantages are obtained:

The construction of the conducting roller and its frame-work is extraordinarily simple andeconomical and is, moreover, extremely easy and practical to handle.

The framework bearing the condenser may be separated from the roller simply and easily with the fingers without the need to use any tool.

The fiui or fibre-ends that may accumulate in the conducting roller and in the framework is reduced to a minimum quantity, so that the machine canlwork for very long periods without the necessity of cleaning these parts.

The sliver condenser does not rub against the conducting roller. and rubs against the lower of the two slip rollers to a very reduced extent. Although the lcondenser does not touch the conducting roller, its position is perfectly established by the latter roller and cannot be disturbed when the conducting roller and the condenser are removed from the machine, so that on replacing these parts of the machine, the condenser necessarily remains in the correctposition.

Owing to the arrangement of the condenser opening by which it is linked onto the guiding rod, bres or fluff that might hamper the movement of the condenser are prevented from entering this opening.

The condenser is positively driven with a reciprocating movement synchronised with the movement of the -bre guide bar, thus saving the bres from having to make an effort to give the reducer this lateral movement.

The attached drawings represent a drawing mechanism of several pairs of rollers with conducting roller for the fibres, provided with the improvements of this invention.

'Figure 1 represents amechanism `similar to that described in the above-mentioned former patent, provided with four pairs of rollers and conducting roller for the sliver, embodying this invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the conducting roller and its framework with the sliver con-- elasticity, curved in the shape shown in Figure 4, forming at each end a circular eye or ring not completely closed I4, these eyelets being introduced into the cavities I2 of the roller, thus serving as pivots to permit the rotary movement of the roller I0 in relation to the framework I3.

'The circular recesses I2 in the roller have a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the rings Il in order to reduce the friction as far as possible, and their depth is also slightly larger than the thickness of the wire, in order that the rings of the frame shall not stand out Figure 6 is a perspective view of the condenser and of the ruler that gives it the reciprocating movement.

Figure 7 is a front view of the condenser, partly in section, to show' the arrangement of the opening by which the said condenser is linked to the guide rod.

The drawing apparatus shown in Figure l as an example, is an apparatus with four pairs of rollers, being: a pair of feed rollers I, a pair of intermediate rollers 2 that revolve at a peripheral speed substantially greater than the rollers I to bring about a drawing of the sliver between the two'pairs, one pair of slip rollers 3 of which the lower is moved at a peripheral speed substantially the same as that of the rollers 2, to keep the sliver taut, whilst the upper roller is free and light, to' permit the bres of the sliver to slide through them, and lastly, a fourth pair of rollers 4 which are the final drawing rollers or thread exit rollers, which are moved at la peripheral speed greatly superior to that of rollers 2.

The sliver 5 is guided into this drawing mechanism by a sliver guide bar 8 which gives it a transversal to and fro movement, and for the purpose of using a much thicker sliver that generally -has little twist, instead of guiding the sliver by a simple opening in the bar 8 as is usually done, a funnel 1 is attached to the bar 8 to cause the bres of the sliver to lie as near as possible to each other.

Between the pairs of rollers 2 and 3 ls placed, as in the former patent, a conducting roller II) resting freely on the lower rollers of pairs 2 and 3 and having, moreovenon the under side a reducer or condenser il to bring the bres of the sliver nearer together and reduce their width.

Moreover, between the pairs of rollers 3 and 4 a second sliver condenser may be placed to join the fibres again before they are taken by the exit rollers Il.

With this mechanism, the sliver 5 is given a relatively strong drawing between rollers I and 2, then a-second and still vmore vigorous drawing between rollers 2 and 4, so that the total drawing from sliver 5 to the exit thread may easily reach has at each side a recess I2, and the frame isY formed by a piece of wire, preferably of steel or some other material possessing resistance and beyond the lateral surfaces of the roller and to permit al small lateral play to the framework. 'Ihis enables the friction between the recesses I2 of the roller and the rings or eyelets I4 to be reduced .to a very small value.

The wire constituting the framework forms with its lower part a. straight branch or rod I3 parallel to the axis of the roller IIJ and 1n which is linked the sliver condenser Il. On one of its sides it is bent at a. right angle to form a branch I 5 that is approximately ata radius to the roller I0 and ends in a ring or eyelet IB moved inwards so as to iit into the recess I2 of the roller. On the other side it is bent to form a double angle I6 after which it curves like an arc of a circle I1 of slightly smaller diameter than theI outer diameter of roller I0, then bending upwards to form a curve I8 and going on to form a straight branch I9 approximately in the position of a radius ofl the roller I0 and ending in another ring or eyelet I4 moved inwards in order to fit into the corresponding recess I2. In the curve i8 of the wire a button 20 is placed, for preference of moulded material, serving as a handle by which to take hold of the framework and lift it, together with the roller Ill. The curved part Il is intended to give counterweight so that, in its normal Work-l ing position, the frame may tend to bring the lcondenser II against the lower roller 3.

The framework, set as shown in Figure 4 can easily be placed on roller Ill without the need of any special tool, it being suillcient for this purpose to lightly separate with the fingers the two branches of the frame, using its-elasticity,'until the rings I4 t into the recesses I2 of the roller.

'I'he two rings I4 are obtained by bending the wire in the direction of the rotation of the roller, in order to prevent the movement of the roller being able to slightly open these rings and increase thefriction between them and the roller. This also prevents the fibres floating in the air being held by the ends of the wire at the points where the rings I4 are open.

As the roller I0 has no pivots and, on the conl trary, the parts that brush against the roller are` lodged in the interior ofthe recesses- I2. the libres floating in the air in the spinningroom can with diiculty get between these rings I4 and the recesses I2 of the roller, and should some bre manage to accumulate in this part, such fibres are removed completely and without any dimculty by simply touching the ringsgently with the ngers.

The lower cross-bar of the frame is also not dirtied by the action of the floating fibres, because it is situated below the roller and not touching it.

The sliver condenser I I has thev shape of a condenser open on the lower part so as to be able to remove and put back the roller-and-condenser unit easily. The front face 2| of this condenser,

which is in contact with the lower roller o! the pair V3, forms, as is seen in detail in Figure 6,

two slanting surfaces so disposed that. they only touch the surface of roller 3 at the part near the orifice of the condenser, whilst being separated from this roller 3 at the extremities, in order thus to reduce the friction and at the same time prevent fibre-ends or fluff being held between the roller and the condenser, as would happen if the whole surface of the condenser or a good part of it were in contact with the roller.

With the object of avoiding friction between roller I and condenser I I arid also to prevent the detrimental accumulation of iiuf or fibre-ends between the two, the lower cross-bar I3 of the frame is separated from the roller Ill by a distance such that the condenser II is unable to touch the roller I Il, this distance being, on the other hand, sufciently small to prevent the condenser from turning and coming into a wrong position in relationl to the roller when the rollerand-condenser unit is off the machine. rBy this means it is possible to keep the condenser always fixed in its correct position without the workman having to trouble in the least to watch this position.

The bottom of the channel of the condensei1 has a profile 22 as seen in greater detail in Figure 5, with the object of giving to the passage of the sliver through the interior of the condenser a tendency to layits front part against the roller l 3 thus causingv the condenser to deliver the condensed sliver already in contact with roller 3.

Further, for the purpose of reducing the friction of the condenser against the rod I3, the aperture in this condenser, by which it is linked onto the bar, has a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the rod only on a small extension of its central part 24, whilst the end parts 23 of thisl aperture are of a diameter substantially greater in order that it should not touch the rod I3, or they may be conical. At the same time, these parts 23 serve as a protection, preventing the fibre-ends that might adhere to the rod I3 from getting in as far as part 24 by which the condenser slides over the rod. The

aperture

23, 24 may also be opened or slotted towards the upper part, forming a longitudinal groove narrower than the rod I3, so that if any fibre-ends should happen to get into the opening 24, they can come out through this upper groove.

Thanks to the construction described, the

movement of the condenser on the rod I3 is al' ways smooth and free, since the parts in contact are quite free from interposed fibres. Moreover, the condenser II may oscillate easily in relation to the rod I3 and, in this way, even in cases where as a result of the thickness of the sliver, the roller I 0 and the framework are pushed slightly out of their theoretically normal position, the condenser II remains in correct position.

Finally, to prevent the sliver itself, in its toand-fro movement, from having to drag the condenser II, the invention comprises an arrangement to act mechanically on the condenser, giving it a to-and-fro movement corresponding to that of the sliver. For this purpose there are attached to the sliver guide bar 8 of the spin-- ning machine, which gives theto-and-fro movement to the sliver, one or more knees or angle ties 25 whose ends 26 are introduced between two projections or prolongations 2'I of' a bar 28 extending along the whole length of the machine, and guided in such a manner that it can follow the to-and-fro movement of the knees 25 and the guide bar 8. The bar 28 has at theipoints corresponding to each condenser II a. slot 29 slightly wider than the condenser, so that the condenser fits into this slot and receives a reciprocating movement equal to that of the bar 28,

and therefore equal to that of the sliver guide bar 8 and the sliver 5. This not only prevents the sliver having, in its transversal movement,

to drag the condenser Il, but also enables `the condenser II to assure the transversal reciprocating movement of the sliver in the part corresponding to the rollers I0 and 3.

Thus, the arrangements described assure a good functioning of the mechanism without this functioning being hampered by the fibre-ends floating in the air of the spinning-room and without demandingof the sliver any effort that may weaken it.

I claim: I

1. A drawing mechanism for textile slivers comprising a series of pairs of rollers each said pair having an upper and a lower roller, a conducting roller for the sliver resting freely on the lower rollers of two consecutive pairs of said rollers, the ends of said conducting roller being severally provided with a recess, a Vframe coupled to the said conducting roller and including a lower straight central rod portion, and a condenser for the sliver slidably mounted on said lower straight central rod portion of said frame, two lateral branches on said frame each terminating in an eyelet fitted in one of the said recesses in the ends of said conducting roller thereby pivotingl the said roller for rotary movement with respect to the said frame, and means for imparting reciprocating movement to the said sliver condenser corresponding to a transverse movement of the sliver.

2. A drawing mechanism for slivers as defined in claim 1, the said frame thereof ycomprising a single piece of wire, the lower portion of which forms a straight central rod on which the said sliver condenser is slidably mounted, and two lateral branches on said frame each terminating in an eyelet, each said eyelet being in engagement with one of the said recesses in the `said conducting roller, the first said lateral branch of said frame having a curved portion thereof concentric with the said conducting roller whereby the said condenser is held contiguous to the lower roller of one of said pairs of rollers, and a straight portion thereof terminating in one said eyelet, means on said first branch for removing the said frame, the said conducting roller and the said condenser as a unit, the second said lateral branch of said frame having a straight upward portion thereof terminating in the other eyelet.

3. A' drawing mechanism for slivers as defined in claim 1, the said condenser having an orifice for passage of the slivers, the said orifice in said condenser having an inner throat whereby the slivers passing thereover create a friction andl together with said frame cause the said condenser to be maintained in correct adjustment with a contiguous roller of one of said pairs of rollers, the said condenser further having two slanted surfaces on the face thereof whereby thel said condenser is maintained in contact with the said lower roller of one of said pairs of rollers at v responding to the diameter of said lower portion nbre-ends are prevented from penetrating the 5 inner portion of said orifice which is in contact with the said frame. v

5. A drawing mechanism for slivers as deiined in claim 1, the said means for imparting reciproeating movement to said condenser comprising a sliver guide bar attached to said mechanism, means for moving the said sliver guide bar in a reciprocating motion, a bar attachedto said sliver guide bar and slidably mounted under the said condenser of said mechanism, the said bar hav.. ing notches therein whereby the said condenser of said mechanism, by contact with said notches is vimparted a reciprocating motion corresponding to the movement of the said sliver guide bar.

RAMN Bam/IES soumis.

REFERENCES CITEDl The following references are oi record in the leof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 1 Date Number Name 1,926,475 Casabiancas Sept. 12, 1933 1,992,121 Casablancas Feb. 19, 1935 10 2,205,701 sonnes June 25, 1940 2,272,787 Bentley Feb. 10, 1942 1,313,164 Casablancas Aug. 12, 1919 FCREIGN PATENTS l5 Number Country Date' 180,935 Switzerland Nov. 30, 1935 374,686

Great Britain yJune 16, 1932