US2420990A - Portable excavator - Google Patents

Description

May 20, 1947. F, wHlTE 2,420,990

PORTABLE EXCAVATOR Filed June 11, 1945 mvsmom FRED L.WHITE BY W ATTORNEY Patented May 20, 1947 PORTABLE EXCAVATOR Fred 'L. White, Marion, Ohio, assignor to The Osgood Company, Marion, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 11, 1945, Serial No. 598,804

6 Claims.

This invention relates to portable excavators and in its more specific aspects is directed to an improved dipper operating mechanism.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a dipper manipulating mechanism that is entirely cable controlled or operated which has the dipper under complete control regardless of where the working face happens to be.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cable manipulated dipper that is as completely subject to control when the excavator is close by or is removed some distance fromthe working face.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cable operated dipper manipulator that will allow the dipper handle to be extended to its maximum extent whether the boom is in its lowest or most elevated position.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a means whereby two forces may be applied to substantially opposite ends of the handle without balancing the forces therein for manipulating the dipper and its handle.

Other and further objects of the invention will occur to those skilled in the arts to which this invention pertains as the description proceeds which taken in connection with the accompanying drawings sets forth a preferred embodiment of the invention but such disclosure is not to be construed as a limitation of the invention which is limited only by the appended claims and any and all modifications, alterations and variations of structure coming within the spirit and scope thereof are deemed to be included herein.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a portion of an excavator incorporating the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a view of a double winding drumand controls therefor.

The reduction of weight on the boom and dipper construction for portable excavators without a reduction in the mechanical strength is an essential in the art. Prior art constructions have employed heavy, cumbersome shipper shaft drives- With complicated mechanism to reversely control its operation. This invention is directed to a mechanism for reducing the number of parts in the shipper drive without decreasing the maneuverability of the dipper and its handle and with an increase in the rapidity of control.

The objects and advantages set forth above are obtained in a structure set forth in the accompanying drawings in which I is a portion of the traction and chassis elements of a portableexcavator. An upper body 2 is shown rotatabl 2 mounted thereon in the usual manner common to the art.

A boom 3 is pivotally mounted on the upper body 2 by means of a pin and bracket mechanism (not shown). The vertical position or the angle of the boom with the horizontal iscontrolled by cables 4, l operatively associated with the upper end of the boom 3 and are wound and unwound on an appropriate winch (not shown) mounted on the upper body 2.

The boom 3 has a fixture thereon functioning as a dipper handle receiving element or saddle block 5 mounted on a pivot 6 secured to the boom" 3. A dipper 7 is fixed to the end of a handle 8, with said handle 8 slidably received in the saddle block 5. The handle 8 extends through anappropriate slot 9 in the boom 3 to thereby enable the dipper assembly to move relatively to the boom 3.

Rotatably mounted in suitable journals arranged on the upper body 2 is a double winch or winding drum mechanism Ill set forth in more particular detail in Fig. 2. This mechanism has two drums H and i2 supported on a shaft l3. Power is supplied to the shaft by means of a gear M which is driven from a suitable power source mounted on the upper body 2. Wheel I5 is likewise mounted on the shaft l3 with the drums H and IZ'between it and gear l4. Associated with gear H3 is a clutch is and associated with the wheel i5 is a clutch ll. Brake mechanisms l8 and [9 are associated with the drums H and I2 respectively. The foregoing double drum construction is well known to the art and both drums are jointly or severally operable by means of suitable controls manually actuated.

The dip-per I is retracted and hoisted by means of a cable 26 secured to and windable on the drum I l It is then led over a sheave 2| rotatably mounted on the end of boom 3 and is then led throughpadlock pulley or sheave 22,.thence over sheave 23' also rotat'ably mounted on the end of' boom 3 and is then led around sheave 24 rotatably mounted on the bearing or saddle block 5 for the dipper handle 8. The end of cable 2B is anchored to the dipper handle 8 near the dipper l. When cable 2E) is being wound on the drum l I it will hoist and retract the dipper l. Gravitational action will lower the dipper 1 whenever the clutch l6 and brake l9 are both disengaged. Brake I9 is used to hold and regulate the downward movement of the dipper 1.

A cable 26 is secured to and windable on the drum l2 which drum acts as a crowd control for the dipper l. The cable is then led around sheave 21 rotatably mounted on the lower part of the slide hearing or saddle .block and is then Each of the cables and 26 and their respective winding drums H and I2 may be independently or jointly operated by control clutches I6, I! and brakes l8, I9. Retracting ofthe dipper, especially when it has been raised to a high position is largely a gravity action but when it is in a lowered position it is retracted by the cable 20 and also when the boom 3 is in a lowered position. The full output of the engine or prime mover delivered to the gear [4 is applied to the dipper 7 and its handle 8. The independent crowd enables the operator to shake the dipper to release adhering materials. When the clutch and brake controls I6, I! and l8, IQ for the drums H and [2 respectively are properly jointly and severally actuated a rapid and accurate control of the dipper is achieved Whatever the elevation of the boom 3 or the degree of extension of the handle 8 through the boom 3 in the saddle block 5.

That which is regarded new, novel and useful and which is sought to be protected by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. An excavator comprising an upper body; a boom on said upper body; a pivoted saddle block on said boom; 'a dipper; a handle for said dipper received in said saddle block; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; a cable anchored near one end of said handle connected to one of said winding drums and operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract said dipper; a cable connected to the other winding drum and to the other end of the handle to crowd said dipper; and clutch and brake means associated with said drum to selectively control the operation of each Winding drum.

2. An excavator comprising an upper body; a

boom on said upper body; a dipper; a handle on said dipper; means on said boom receiving said handle to pivot said handle relative to said boom; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; a cable connected between one end of said handle and one of said drums operatively associated with said dipper to hoist and retract said dipper, said cable applying axial movement to said handlethrough saidhandle receiving means; a cable operatively connected to the other end of said handle and to the other winding drum to crowd said dipper, said cable axially moving said handle in said handle receiving means; and a clutch and a brake associated with each drum to selectively control the retracting and hoisting and the crowding of said dipper.

3. An excavator comprising an upper body; a boom on said upper body; a dipper; a handle on said dipper; a saddle block on said boom in which ,said handle is slidable; a double drum winch on secured to the other drum passed around said second sheave and anchored such that upon actuation of said drum said dipper will be crowded.

4. An excavator comprising an upper body; a boom ,on said upper body; a saddle block pivotally mounted on said boom; a handle in said saddle block; a dipper secured to said handle; a double drum winch on said upper body; two sheaves rotatably mounted on said saddle block, one on each side thereof; a cable secured to one of drums passing around one of said sheaves and anchored such that the operation of said drum will move said handle in said saddle block to crowd said dipper; sheaves associated with said boom and with said dipper; a cable anchored on said handle near said dipper passing around said other of said sheaves on said saddle block, and thence about said sheaves on said boom and said dipper secured to and windable on the other of said drums which upon rotation will hoist and retract said dipper; and mean to selectively control said drums such that said dipper will be selectively hoisted retracted or crowded.

5. In a portable excavator; an upper body; a boom on said upper body; sheaves rotatably mounted on said boom; a dipper having a sheave thereon; a handle for said dipper; a saddle block pivotally mounted on said boom in which said handle is slidably mounted; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; sheaves rotatably mounted on said saddleblcck, one on each of two sides thereof; a cable anchored on said handle, passing around one of said saddle block sheaves, then about said boom and dipper sheaves and secured to one of said winding drums to hoist and retract said dipper; a cable secured to the other winding drum, thence about the other saddle block sheave and anchored with respect to said handle to enable it to axially move said handle in said saddle block to crowd said dipper; and

means to control said drums to thereby hoist, retract or crowd said dipper.

6. In a portable excavator; an upper body; a boom mounted on said upper body; a saddle block pivoted to said boom; a dipper; a handle for said dipper slidable in said saddle block; sheaves on said boom and dipper; a sheave mounted on each of two sides of said saddle block; a pair of winding drums on said upper body; a cable anchored near one end of said handle, trained about one of said saddle block sheaves, then about said boom and dipper sheaves and connected to one of said winding drums to hoist and retract said dipper; another cable connected to the other winding drum, passed about the other sheave on said saddle block and anchored to enable it to move said handle in said saddle block to crowd said dipper; and means to selectively actuate said winding drums to thereby hoist, retract or crowd said dipper.

FRED L. WHITE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,457,301 Ferris et al June 5, 1923 1,721,761 Arnaud July 23, 1929 1,767,576 Burke June 24, 1930 1,891,351 George Dec. 20, 1932 2,084,449 Neese June 22, 1937 2,304,485 Swanson Dec, 8, 1942 2,380,625 Zeilman et al. July 31, 1945 an, -'a

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