US2022808A - Excavating machine - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 3, 1935. J, M KERR 2,022,808

EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Jan. 3, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l ec. 3, 1935. .1. M. KERR EXGAVATING MACHNE Filed Jan. 3, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR @/wf/f: ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,022,808 EXGAVATING MACHINE .John M. Kerr, Bay` City, Mich., assignor toBay City Shovels, Inc., Bay City, Mich., a corporation of Michigan This invention relates to excavating machines,

`and more particularly to the type termed pull shovels, trenchhoes, or instroke trenchers for excavating trenches, basements, deepening ditches, and for any other purpose for which it can be used.

The prime object of the invention is to pivotally mount a scoop handle on the excavator boom and provide boom hoisting means for raising and lowering said boom, as well as separate and independent means for controlling the pivotal movement of the scoop handle.

Another object is to provide simple, rugged, and practical means for taking up the cable slack as the scoop assembly is actuated, said means also providing ample leverage so that the vdigging operation can be performed with a minimum power requirement.

A further object is to provide an attachment which can be readily manufactured and assembled, and which can be accurately and positively controlled on work of all kinds.

A further object still is to provide an attachment so Vdesigned that the boom can be set in one position and the'scoop actuated as a pick, so as to strike lany number of hammer blows on rock, hardpan, or other materials in which the "excavator is operated.

With the above and other objects in View, the present invention consists in the combination and `arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the Aaccompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it beingunderstood that changes may be made in the form, size, proportion, and minor details of construction, without departing from the spirit, or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Inv the drawings- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of an eX- cavating machine showing my improved trench hoe in position thereon, the dotted line positions 'showing the boom and scoop in various adjusted -ment as usual.

proved construction differs in that the boom can be raised and lowered without affecting or actuating the scoop, a separate and independent means being provided for actuating the scoop handle with'relation to said boom.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings in which I have shown the broad conception of my invention, the excavator proper is of conventional design and comprises a main frame 5* which is supported on crawlers B in the usual manner. A mast 'I is pivotally mounted on the main frame at the point 8, and a boom 9 is also pivotally connected to the frame by means of the pin II) and is mounted for up and down movesecured to the outer end of the boom by means of a pin I2, and includes an arcuate shapedhead I3 which is rigidly securedto the upperend of `the handle by means of bolts I4, the outer rim being grooved as at I5 to accommodate the pullout cable I6 which is trained thereover, this grooved rim being shaped to compensate for the difference in cable length, as the scoop is moved to its various yadjusted positions, and while in the present instance I have shown and shall describe a specific cable hookup, I desire it to be understood that this invention is not limited to any particular hookup, except insofar as such limitations are specified in the claims or necessitated by the prior art.

A scoop I'I is pivotally connected at its forward end to the lower end of the handle I I, and a brace I8 is pivotally connected to the rear end of the scoop by means of the pin I9, the upper end of said brace being connected to the scoop handle at a point intermediate its length and is provided with a plurality of openings 20, so that the brace may be adjusted to permit the scoop being tilted to various angles with relation to the handle.

A bale 2I is pivotally connected to the lower end of the stick by means of the pin 22, and a sheave cage 23 is pivotally connected to the outer end thereof by means of the pin 24, .a ysuitable -sheave 25 being mounted in said cage, and a pullin cable is trained around said sheave.

A reversible winding drum is mounted on the excavator frame, and is formed with respective Winding surfaces 26 and 2l, said drums being driven from a central power plant (not shown). A shaft 28 is mounted on the mast, sheaves 29 and 30 respectively being mounted thereon, and

rearwardly projecting plates 3| are secured to thelower ends of the mast members and form A scoop handle II is pivotally shown), so that the inclination of the mast may be adjusted as desired.

One end of a boom hoist cable 3'I is anchored to and wound on a drum A provided on the frame, thence leading up and over the sheave 33 which is also journaled on the shaft 35, and thence around the sheave 38EL which is journaled on the shaft I2 thence leading back and around the sheave 38h, and thence back and being dead ended to the member 40 pro-vided on the shaft I2, and it will be obvious that the boom can be raised or lowered as desired by actuating the drum A on which the boom hoist cable is wound, and that the boom movement in no manner affects nor has it any connection with the scoop handle.

Bearings 4I are provided on the boom at a point intermediate its length, and a shaft 42 is journaled therein, a drum 43 being mounted on said shaft, and one end of the pull-out cable section I6 is wound thereon. A smaller drum 44 is formed integral with or can be secured to this drum 43, the winding face being tapered as shown, and one end of the opposite section of the ,pull-out cable is wound thereon. A sheave 45 is also journaled on the shaft 42 directly adjacent the drum 44, and the pull-in cable 46 is trained thereover.

Similar bearings 41 are mounted on the boom 9 at a point spaced from the shaft 42, and a shaft 48 is journaled thereon, a clamp 48 being provided on said shaft, and one end of the pullin cable 46 isanchored thereto, thence this cable leads down and around the sheave 25,` thence up and over the sheave 45, and thence around the sheave 30, thence leading to and being wound on the drum 26 which is mounted on the excavator frame.

The pull-out cable I6 is anchored to the scoop handle at a point intermediate its length, a plate 5I being secured to said handle and is provided with a suitable opening adapted to receive one end of the threaded member 52 which forms a part of the turn-buckle 53. The opposite member 54 is also threaded, the outer end being bifurcated, and a pin 55 is mounted therein, the end of the cable I5 being anchored to said pin, and cable clamps 53 serve to secure it rigidly in position, thence the cable is trained over the head I3 leading down and around the drum 44 to which it is anchored. This pull-out cable is divided into two sections, the section 56 being anchored to and wound on the drum 43, thence leading down and around the sheave 29 and over and around the drum 26 to whichit is anchored, these cable sections being so connected that there will be approximately two full wraps on the small drum 44 when the large drum 43 is full, and it will be readilyobserved that the turn- Vbuckle 53 provides means for adjustment of the extended preparatory to being pulled inwardly into the work. The drum 2I is then actuated to wind the pull-in cable thereon; this simultaneously pays out the pull-out cable from the drum 26, permitting the upper end of the scoop handle to move outwardly as the scoop moves inwardly towards the machine and into the work. The boom hoist drum A is next actuated to raise the boom, and the machine is swung to spot the scoop over the vehicle or dumping spot. l0 The scoop is then swung to dump the load and the boom again lowered, and the various operations repeated to again load and dump.

The shape of the head I3 takes up cable slack as the scoop is actuated, insures long Vlife and 15 smooth operation, and the point of anchoring to the scoop handle insures ample leverage, and a minimum power requirement, and cable adjustment can be readily made. rlhe diameter of winding drums, etc. are relatively large to insure 2U minimum cable wear and are in direct ratio to the shape and length of the scoop handle, and all parts operate smoothly and easily.

From the foregoing description it will be ob- Y vious that I have perfected a very simple, prac- 25 tical, and substantial trench hoe attachment for excavators` and similar machines.

What I claim is:

1. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for up and down move- 30 ments, a scoop assembly pivotally mounted on the outer end of said boom, and including a scoop handle having a curved head of predetermined size, the radial lines of the head through the pivot increasing in length from the point of b5 junction with the scoop handle outwardly, the scoop working towards the machine when digging, a. boom hoisting cable associated with the boom for the raising and lowering thereof, and Y independent scoop pull out cable trained over 40 said head and anchored to said handle, and an independent pull in cable operatively connected to the scoop for moving it relative to said boom.

2. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for up and down move- 45 ments, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the outer end of the boom and provided with a curved head, the radial lines of the head through the pivot increasing in length from substantially the point of junction with the scoop handle outward- 50 ly, a scoop on the lower end of the handle and working towards the machine when digging, a boom hoisting cable associated with the boom for the raising and lowering thereof, a reversible winding means, a scoop pull out cable wound 55 on said means, and trained over said head with the end operatively connected to the handle at a point intermediate its length, a scoop pull in cable also wound on said reversible winding means and connected to `the lower end of the handle, 60 said cables selectively pulling said scoop out or into the work as the winding means is driven.

3. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for up and down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the 65 boom and provided with an overhanging curved head, the radial lines of said head through the hub increasing in length from the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, a scoop pivotally connected to the lower end of the handle 70 and working inwardly towards the machine when digging, a boom hoisting cable associated with the boom for controlling the up and down movements thereof, a reversible winding means, a scoop pull out cable trained over said involute shaped head and anchored to the handle at a point intermediate its length, a scoop pull in cable having connection with the lower end of the scoop handle, and means connected to the pull out cable and scoop handle respectively for adjusting said pull out cable.

4. In an excavating machine, the combination With a boom mounted for up and down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on the outer end thereof and provided with a. curved head, the radial lines of said head through the pivot increasing in length from the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, a scoop on the lower end of the handle and working towards the machine when digging, an independent boom hoisting cable associated with the boom for controlling the raising and lowering thereof, a reversible winding drum, a scoop pull ou cable operatively Wound on said drum and trained over said curved member and connected to the handle at a point below the pivoting point of the handle, a pull in cable also wound on said drum and connected to said scoop, said cables selectively moving said scoop outwardly or pulling it inwardly towards the machine as the winding drum is rotated.

5. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for up and down movements, a scoop handle mounted on the outer end thereof and having a curved head, a cable groove provided in the outer rim of said head, the radial lines of the head through the pivot increasing in length from the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, a scoop on the lower end of the handle and working towards the machine when digging, an independent boomi hoisting cable associated with the boom for controlling the raising and lowering thereof, a winding mechanism, a scoop pull out cable trained over said curved head and connected to the scoop handle at a point intermediate its length, a pull in cable also wound on said mechanism and connected to said scoop, said cables selectively swinging said scoop outwardly or pulling it inwardly as the winding mechanism is rotated.

6. In an excavating machine, the combination 5 with a boom mounted for up and down movements, a scoop handle pivotally mounted thereon and having a curved grooved head, the radial lines of the head through the pivot increasing in length from the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, a scoop pivotally and adjustably secured to the lower end and working inwardly towards the machine when digging, boom hoisting cables associated'with the boom for controlling the up and down movements thereof, a common reversible winding drum, adjusting means mounted on the handle at a point intermediate its length, a scoop pull out cable anchored to said adjusting means and to said winding drum, and a scoop pull in cable also wound on the winding drum, and connected to said scoop for pulling said scoop into the work as the winding drum is driven.

7. In an excavating machine, the combination with a boom mounted for up and down move- '25 ments, a scoop handle pivotally mounted on said boom and formed with an inwardly curved head having a cable groove provided therein, the radial lines of said head through the pivot increasing in length from substantially the point of junction with the scoop handle outwardly, a scoop adjustably secured to the lower end of the handle, hoisting means associated with the boom for controlling the raising and lowering thereof, a reversible winding drum, a` 'scoop pull out cable 35 attached to said drum and to the upper end of the handle at a point spaced inwardly from the upper end, and a pull in cable also connected to said drum and to the scoop for pulling said scoop `inwardly into the work as the drum is driven. 40

JOHN M. KERR.

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