US1783056A - Instroke shovel crane - Google Patents

Description

Nov'. 25, 1930. L. A. RUSSELL IN-STROKE SHOVEL CRANE Filed March 26, 1928 f5 Sheets-Sheet Nov. 25, 1930.- l.. A. RUSSELL 1N-sTRoKE sHovEL. CRANE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. V

Filed March 26, 1928 Y v gwwnto Ajwsell Nov. 25, 1930. L A RUSSELL 1,783,056

IN-STROKE SHOVEL CRANE Filed March 26, 1928 5 SheetS-Sleet v5 Patented :Novi 25, 1930 oF MILWAUKEE, w1scoNs'rN,A Cormons-'rien Insrnoxr; sHovnL CRANE i Application mea March 2a, 19g-m3.l sentano. 264,691.

'By fmy, present invention',l-I, propose cer- -tain novel improvements in excavating I"1achinery of the crane shovel type, known in. the art' as -in-stroke or hoe type shovels of the Aportable power operated class. i These shovels are found especiallyadvantageous in the digging of trenches because they afford a veryl considerable flexibility of operation and am- .ple power to perform their -excavating func-v tion; moreover, they readily accommodate for the excavation of trenches on the curved 'operations or where-one branch of a trenchmay sharp angle.

extend off from another at a more or less The new features of myinvention reside primarily in the mounting of the shovel boom 1 upon' the crane body, -knownas the swingl` body, and thev .peculiar arrangement and ac-` tion of the shovel dip'per in itsA relation vto the boom,'together with novel provisions at'ford-` ing a yielding lmounting for -the `shovel or dipper itself. The yielding means cooperating with the clipper proper really performs a.

three-fold function in. that it absorbs shocks in4 thevpull, cable when' digging; absorbs shocks upon the whole .supporting structure including the dipper `boom and connections when the dipper is operated-'as a. sort of pick hammer. Additionally, the yielding means absorbs shocks at the end of the boo'ni where tlie'dipper is mounted with the dipper stick, when thc-dipper i's slammedout to its extreme position for dumping, at the same timetheabsorbing means permitting a shiftingof the angleofthe dipper relatively tothe stick to assist in the disengaging of cloggingor sticking materials in the clipper'.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the advantages of ,my .invention as `taching to a chain pull connection secured presented herein in4 different forms, will be quite apparent upon reference to the drawings appendedfhereto,,andv I'miglit note furthermore,that I employ a dipper structure in which-the pull cable means may consist of provisions in the form of'a cable sling around the dipper, should this type of pull cable instrumentality be'desired; or a `pull cable att'o the clipper may be utilized. y

` In'the accompanying drawings rvure 2but depicting -Figure .1 is a side view of an in-stroke mismas.. RUSSELL, or MILWAUKEE, wisconsin-'assitance To :reinante coMPANY,

shovel "crane embodying the invention-and showlng the 4angle at which the boom may -be adjusted downwardly las when-undercutting a bank or trench, dotted lines indicati-ngthe dipper in its 'up-pulled lledposition.

Figure 2 is an enlarged View ofthe means shownin Figurel, involving the outerend` of thepboom and the dipper mounting .fea'` tures.

. A60 Figure is a front and partly sectional` View taken about on the line j-lfofFignre 2 -looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 isa front view of the dipper stick of the constructionof shovel' means illustrated in the previous figures', the mounting connections of' the.. lclipper 'being broken y 'away andthe cabley pull connection for the clipper stick being shown in section.

Figure 5 isa view partly in section and partly in top plan, illustrating the cable operating means for-pulling in the clipper.`

'Figureb is a view somewhat similar to Fig venti'on: f Figure 7 1s afront view, partly broken 'away showing more clearly the cable out-pull means for the dipper stick, and themanner .of its connection with the stick as it leads from the upper-side of the'boom.v

Figure 8 is a side view showing a portion of the supporting boom and a modified type `of a modified formofthe in-A l 1 i 75 dipper and dipper`1 supporting means including a dipper stick which is pivoted between its ends. Figure 9 illustrates a modified forni of pulling in cable means for the Vclipper, including a sling that passcs'around the 'clipper and is self equalizing; Y Y i Figure 10 is a view inside elevation' largely showing the parts. depictedv in Figure 9.

Figure ll is a diagrammatic illustration ated parts.

In the drawingsA denotes the" portable base of my shovel crane upon which is located 4.the Ausual' rotative or swing body B, see Figure` 41. Carried-at one end of therbody B is a main suppo'rtiiigboom 1 formed with the outstanding arm 2,-'rigid therewith, and braced -of the-reeving of the cable'means and associby a brace 3, the structure as a unit being' with thecable guiding sheaves 7 and 8. The

f oot'member 6 may be united with the body of the boom 5 by a yielding connection of the type disclosed in my copending application for` patent, Serial No. 723,623, tiled July 2nd, 1924, so that certain torsional stresses upon the body ofthe boom 5, may be resilient-ly absorbed at the foot, these stresses being produced by the swinging of the boom ordinarily, and its stoppage with the lloaded dipper, with greater or less suddenness, or the stresses may be set up by the dipper or dipper stick striking an obstacle in its path during the lateral swing of the boom.

Upon the under-side of the boom 5 and spaced from the outer end thereof, is a bracket 9 to which is pivoted the dipper stick 10, the latter as seen in Figure 4 being a fabricated rigidly constructed unit .composed of side membersLthe outermost endsA of which are pivotally connected at 11 to the upper open end portion of rthe dipper 12, see Figure 2. The rear upper or closed end of the dipper 12 is pivotally and adjustably connected as shown at 13 by a link member or members 14 which in turn have attachment to a piston or plunger 15 by pivotal means 16. A series of openings 17 provide for the adjustable connection at`13, and the plunger 15 operates in a cylinder 18 rigid with the dipper stick body structure and containing a normally expanding spring 19. The plunger 15 is loosely connected by a bolt or similar fastening 20 passing through the closed end of the cylinder 18 and attached to a rocker arm or bell crank lever 21 pivoted at 22 to the dipper stick 10. The arm of the lever 21 opposite that connected with thebolt 20 is arranged to engage an abutment 'bracket 23 4rigidly attached to ,y the underside of the boom 5 at its outer end portion.

It is'apparent that the bell crank lever 21 constitutes an abutment carried by the dipper stick 1() and which abutment cooperates with the boom 5 in limiting the relative movement of these parts.

Connected with the front end of the dipper 12 at a point 24 in advanceof the point of connection 11 between the dipper and its stick 10, is a pulling in chain or ecpiivalent connection 25 attached to the pulling in cable 26 which leads therefrom, to and around a small drum 27 mounted upon the boom 5 upon an axis 28 which also carries a larger operating drum 29 about which is wrapped and secured, the operating end 'portion ofthe pulling in operating cable 30. I call the cable 30 an operating cable simply to distinguish it from the pull cable 26, and the terms are merely rela-tive terms and could be interchanged so far as the description goes, but are distinguishable for clearness. Since the drum 27 is a small drum and the drum 29 comparatively larger, it will be recognized that the latter affords a leverage for operating the drum 27 with great crowding in force, which is ample to accomplish the desired excavating or digging action of the dipper 12.

As customary in shovel cranes of the instroke type, there is provided an out-pull cable for `causing theout-stroke and dump-v ing movementof the dipper and for elevating the boom 5 in the operation of emptying the Vdipper to supply its contents to a spoil bank,'or to a vehicle in which the material will be carried'away. In the present instance, I utilize the out-.pull cable means 31 leading from 'a suitable drum upon the crane swing body B over a large double sheave 32 at the upper end of the supporting boom 1 thence extending downward at the bight 32 through the sheave block 34, thence extending upward by the-bight 32 around the second grooved `portion of the pulley or sheave 32, and thence extending downwardly `by the bight 32 and over a sheave 35 onthe point bracket 36 of the boom 5 to its point of attachment by a suitable clamp 37 to the cylinder 18`on the dipper stick structure 10. Obviously, operation of the cable 31 will transmit to the dipper stick and its associated parts, a powerful out-haul pull, and slack on thelin'e or cable 31 will permit lowering of the boom 5 and adequate crowding in action inthe operation of the pulling-in cable 26; V

-I makevprovisions for varying the upward or downward adjustment of the pivot point 4 of the boom 5, and therefore, the point of support of the boom 5 upon the main supporting boom 1, by raising and lowering the boom 1 to a greater or less extent correspondingly adjusting its arm 2. To do this I employ a drum 38, seen in Figure 1, rather diagrammatically, about whichdrum the boom hoist cable 39 passes and leads o so as.to pass around a small sheave 40 at the upper end or point of the main supporting boom 1, the cabling thence leading back to a pulley 41 and passing around another sheave4 40, said ltltl sheaves being spaced apart, and then being Y led to a point of anchorage 42. The purpose of the method of reeving the cable 39 is simply to afford ample power for the operation of the boom 1 and the. heavy load which it carries, and may be considerably modified within the purview of the invention obviously. l

I described the operation of the machine thus far set forth herein, as follows: assuming that the dipper 12 is in the full line position of Figure 1, and thatpthe` operating cable 30 leads tofa suitable front drum 43 on the swing body, it will be apparent lthat operation of the drum 43 will produce an .i tablish the drive between the engine and said.

in-haul movement of the out pullcable 26 and chain 'and effect the digging action of the dipper .12 astheboom is likewise vswung inward if the out-haul and hoistingl cable 39 is slacked. Qf course, the drum .about which the cable 31 operates and the drum 43 will havesuitable braking means'to The dipperA being locked with the excavated material', the cable 30\isfslacked and the drive for pulling in the cable 31 estab lished and the operation of the cable 31 will .15'

then raise the dipper 'and thbooxn 5 to move it toward its dumping position, a final-slack#- deningvon the cable permitting the cable 31'to swing the dipper stick 10 with the dipf per l2. upwardly vand outwardly relatively to the'boom 5 to perfo-l'mthe function which 4to those versed in the art is called spotting the load indepositing the'contents of the dipper 1 12in a vehicle, or upon a spoil bank.

Now during the above operation ofthe dipper by the cables 30 and 31 in the manner set forth,' peculiar action of the dipper itself takes place. -The spring 19 in the cylinder' 18 is normally full expanded with the rear i end of the dipperv as far. away from the'stick l10 as possible. But as the dipper stick 10 swings on the lboom 5 in .fthe dumping operation of the.'d ipper, the lever- -21 engages the abutment" 23and the'l'ever is swung to' place the spring 19 underxitens'ion and pull en the linkfl4 and swing thedipper 12 slightly on its pivot 11.` Under.. these conditions, lthe shock abso-rbing\me ans just referred to absorbs the shock` of- `the suddenstoppingwf the dipper in what may be called its up-slam movement to'dump.v Additionally, the absorbing means affords'a desirable resilient .I shocking action that tilts the'dipper on yits stick and facilitates thevdislodgement ofmaof the chain 2 5 and the-pivot point l11 Con- A terials filled therein. 'Of'course, as the dipperlisthus swung, its door 44 whichv is pivoted at in rear of the point of connection nection.;withthedipper, may be opened by the operation of the dipper door trip `latch by its chain 45 and cable means 46. leading fromfthe chainfl a suitable point near vor on .the swing body B of the crane.'l f In trench or hoe type shovels of the class ofthe invention, the excavating operatiion'is often facilitated Aby dropping the boom and shovel l2 upon the work or earth excavated 'to provide a pickingaction, Also in this way,

the dipper is sometimesused as a hammer in excavating rocky depositsfto break up the deposits. Obviously, under these conditions,v` the droppingof the dipper, while itis in approximately the relatifm shown in Figures 1 and 2. tothe boom-f5 will cause an absorption of the shock incident to the engagement of the teeth of the dipper with the work, bythe yielding means, including the spring 19.

I will nowdescribe a couple modified forms of the invention, after stating that the-cable 31. is connected to the dipper stick at a point between its endsand has a variable leverage in its pull uponthe dipper stick for obvious reasons." In Figures Gand 7, I show a construction which is somewhat unique in that `the dipper stick 101 is mounted on the boom 5a at the point of the boom itself, practically stick 10T is constant during all of the rangeA of movement o f the stick relatively to the .boomv 5a a constantI leverage pull .bythe .cable 49 upon-the stick is exercised in the operation of the out-haul cablemeans which includes in addition to the loop 49, the main out-haul cable 31a having a function equivalent to the cable v31 described in the firstform of the invention set forth. 'Ihe cablejloop 49 is attached to the floatingpulle'y orsheave block '51 in an obvious manner as seenfrom Figure 7, the 4points of attachmentbeing designated` 52. In Figure 6, I provide shock absorbing facilities for the`dipper corresponding with those previously set'. forth,`-the only diffen ence'being practically speaking, that 'the shock absorbing means is slightly differently arranged upon\the stick 10a as to angularity and afsomewhat reverse arrangement of the lever 2l?- to that of the previously described l vlever 21, is used. The lever 21a, however, cooperates'with an abutment part on the boom 5', designated 2 3, inmuch the samemanner as previously'disclosed herein for the first described formV of an invention. Parts not otherwise designated or described as tov Figures 6 and 7, are substantially like those lirst disclosed herein. 4

In Figure 8, the dipper'boom is designated- 5". It carries the dipper stick l()b pivoted' between its ends at v52-53 to the boomb at the point ofthe latter. Boom 5l 4has the abut- .ment23bcooperative' with an angle lever 21b ice which is connected up with the shock absorbi ing spring means 1,9"v aotingin practically the same way as described 1n reference to *the other 'constructions of vmy invention.. In

Figure' 8, thel out-haul cable o r line 311 has a somewhat dilferent leverageefect-:by reason of connecting with the lever 'forming the dipper stick'l()b at the point 54 'some distance .abovethe point of connection with the stick l ofthe boom 5".. But this leverage action is old and wellknown to those versed in the art of this type of machine. 4proposed illustrates that shockabsorbing The construction guiding means 56 on the dipper will be self l means 55 passes around the drums 57.

features may be availed of for the intermedipper l2. Said pulling in cable means in cludes aycable sling r which passes around the dipper and by slippage relatively to the equalizing. The cable means 55 has its sides wrapped about space-d small drums 57 -in one direction, upwardly as illustrated -and secured, at the ends to these small drums. Intermediate of the drums 57 is a larger drum 58, and a main pulling-in operating cable 59 is wrapped about it and secured thereto, the direction of wrapping or reevlng being oprosite that to the direction m which the cable Of course, the drum means 57 and 58 will be carried by a boom-or like support'c and will constitute the in-haul cable means for `crowding in the bucket to its work. Under certain conditions of service. a sling like crowding cablemeans such as first described, may be found advantageous. The drums 57 and 58 are, of course, coaxial.

It vwill benoted that the drums 27 and 29 may be 'equipped with removable or interlchangeable drum laggings or cable reeving portions whereby to enable` an increased or decreased speed vof the particular cable wrapped therearound, in the actuating operation of said drums.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is v v l. In combination, a` hoe type shovel crane comprising a` swing body, a main supporting boom thereon having an off-standing dipper boom arm, means for raising and lowering the said dipper boom arm of the main support ing boom, a dipper boom pivoted to the dipper boom arm, and an iii-stroke dipper-mounted upon the dipper boom, with means for con-4 trolling the crowding in and vthe out-haul movements of said dipper.

2. In a shovel crane of in combination, a crane body, a main supporting boom thereon, comprising an outstanding the type set forth,

arm pivotallycarried by the body, means for raising andlowering the said arm, a dipper boom pivoted to the outer portion of said arm, an in-stroke dipper carried by the outer portion of the dipper boom, and crow-ding in and out-haul cable means cooperatingwith l'the said dipper and the dipper boom for controlling their proper action, and crowding in cable drum' mechanism mounted on the dipper boom as a part of the last mentioned means and including a drum of small diameter connected with the dipper for crowding inaction on the latter and a drum of larger diameter for actuating the last mentioned drum.`

4. In an excavating `machine as set forth, in combination, aA crane body, a dipper boom mounted thereon, a dipper stick pivoted to the dipper boom, a dipper-carried by the dip per stick, and `shock absorbing means intermediate said dipper and the dipper stick for absorbing shocks incident to picking or hammering action of the dipper when dropped, and also for absorbing shocks incident to out slam movement of the dipper for dumping, with meanscooperating with the shock absorbing means for limiting the extent of its movement in eiecting spottingor dumping action.

5. In a machine of the class set forth, in combination, a dipper boom, a dipper stick mounted thereon, means for moving the stick relatively to the boom in excavating and other operations, a dipper on said stick, and shock absorbing means intermediate the boom and the stick, and including an abutment on the stick adapted for cooperation with the boom and limiting the relative movement of the stick and the boom.

absorbing means intermediate the boom and the stick, and including an abutment' on the stick adapted for cooperation With the boom and limiting therelat'ive movement of the stick and the boom, and a spring connection intermediate the dipper and its stick, and coacting With the abutment aforesaid.

7. In a machine of the class d ribed, in combination, a dipper boom, a dipper stick pivotedthereto, a dipper pivoted to the dipper stick, andj a yielding connection between the dipper and the dipper stickseparate from the pivotal connection of the dipper with the stick, and including a link arm attached to the dipper and spring means intermediate the link arm and the dipper stick, and means carried by the boom for acting upon said spring connection to absorb certain shocks.

8. In a machine of thc class described, in combination, a dipper boom, a dipper stick pivoted thereto, a dipper pivoted to the dip per stick, and a yielding connection between the clipper and thegdipper stick separate from the pivotal connection ofthe dipper with the stick, and including a link4 arm attached to 5 the dipper and-spring means intermediate the link armand theY di per stick, an-abutment means on the boomfrdr acting on said spring connection to cause rocking of the dipper in its dumping action together with crowding and -hauling cables for working the ldipper stick i opposite directions.

9. In a machine of the' class, described,- in combination, a dipp'erA boom, `a 'dipper stick pivoted to said boom, a dipper ivoted. near one end to the dipper stick, a lin age connec-4 tion' between the dipper stick andthe other tween the dibper and dipper stick operablel incident to the `dipper boom and dipper stick reaching their limit of movement causing engaging of the abuttin means, to' move the dipper relative to the ipper stick, whereby thev dumping' of the contents of the clipper is facilitated. "f

In testimony LESLIE, A. RUS LL.

l end of the'- dipper, and means on the boom@ cooperativewith said linkage connectionfor rockingthejdipper at a certain point in the zo relative movement ofthe dipper and boom. A

- 1o;- In-a machine-ofthe ciassaescribeain combinatioxLal dipper boon, adipper-stick pivoted to said boom, a-dipper pivoted near one endto the dipper stick, a linkage connection `between the dipper stick! andv the other end fthediper', and 'means on Athe boom t cooperative' said linkage connectionfor rocking the -dpper at a certain point in the -l 7 relative vmovement of the 4dipper and boom, j t

80 said linkage connection including' a yielding element for absorbing shocks between the dipg penand 'c lipper stick.l -z l yllffIna machine of the class described, in

y'ci'nbi'nation, a dipper boom, a dipper stick pivotedyto said boom, .adip'per pivoted near l one end to the dipper stick, a linkage con.

whereof I aiiix my si ature.

' nectin between the dipper, stick and the other endof the dip er, and' means on `the boom` co'be'rative wit 'said linkage connection for"A rocking the dipper at a certain pointin the' relative movement of the dipper and. boom, j l said linkage connection including a ylelding element for absorbing shocks between the dipperaid'ldipper Stick, and cooperating with he -boom for absorbing shocks intermediate v the dipper stick andthe boom.

f combination, 'a dipper boom, a di per stick fpivoted-to the said boom at one en a dipper v f50`j carried by the otherl end of saidstick and .v :movable relatiw'fely thereto, and shock absorb- -J." 1 2. `In a machine of the class described, in I ing means between lthe dipper and the dipper y stick including a linkage connection of said t parts and a spring acting upon saidlinkage connection, an abutment upon the boom, and

a lever cooperating with said linkage connec-v to 'one another, an abutment for limiting the Y -said relative movement, and connections be- 13. In a machineo'f the class described, in I

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