US2417328A

US2417328A - Method of making glassware

Info

Publication number: US2417328A
Application number: US519878A
Authority: US
Inventors: Theodore H Sloan
Original assignee: G M S CORP
Current assignee: G M S Corp
Priority date: 1944-01-27
Filing date: 1944-01-27
Publication date: 1947-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 1964-03-11

Description

March 11, 1947.

T. H.-SL.OAN

METHOD OF MAKING GLASSWARE Filed Jan. 27} 1944 s Sheets$heet 1 Eli m;

INVENTOR I TheodaweHS/oan March 11, 1947. 'r. H. 'SLOAN METHOD OF MAKING GLASSWARE Filed Jan. 27, 1944 s Sheets-Sheet 2 'JigZB.

Mal-ch11, 1947. LO N 2,417,328

' METHOD OF MAKING GLAsjswARE Filed Jan. 27, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VENT OR Theodore/{Sb 6/? 1s Armmvzsw Patented Mar. 11, 1947 METHOD OF MAKING GLASSWARE' Theodore H. Sloan,

G. M. S. Corporation, poration of Pennsylvan Charleroi, Pa. assignor: to,

Pittsburgh, Pa, a cor-. ia'

Application January 27, 1944, Serial No. 519,878

9 Claims.

This invention relates to the manufacture of glassware and particularly to the making of footed ware such as goblets, stem-foot Ware, and the like.

So far as I am aware, no satisfactory method of producing footed goblets or like stemware by pressing in one piece has been known heretofore, except those involving hand operations. Such footed ware as has been pressed in one piece by hand heretofore has been characterized by objectionable seams extending up to the rim and down to and around the edge of the foot. I have invented a novel method of making footed ware such as stem-foot go-blets having a bowl which is without seams, by a series of operations which may readily be performed by a rotary-table press machine.

In a preferred practice of the invention, I employ a mold including an upper portion providing a cavity for forming the rim or lip and upper part of the bowl of the ware, and a lower portion providing cavities for forming the bottom of the bowl and the foot, and a constriction-between the cavities for forming the stem orfoot connection. Both portions of the mold may be segmental but the upper portion is preferably a continuous ring. The lower portion of the mold is open at the bottom and is engraved to provide a design on the exterior of the Ware which effectively conceals seams formed. at the joints between the segments of the mold. After placing a mass or gob of molten glass in the mold, I 'ap-= ply fluid pressure above the glass to force a portion thereof through the stem portion of the mold to fill the latter and form a spherical mass of glass as an appendage on the main mass at the open bottom of the mold. I limit th amount of glass flowing through the stem portion of the mold cavity by preforming the appendage to a definite size under suction, if needed.

On completion of these several steps, a forming plunger isapplied to the spherical appendage of glass at the bottom of the stem, and pressure exerted thereon, thus'shaping the footer base of the ware. I then shape the balance of the glass remaining in the top portion of the mold into the bowl of the ware by means of a press-plunger. This operation completes the formation of onegoblet or piece of other stem-foot ware. The mold or the segmental lower portion thereof at least, is then expanded and the finished ware is lifted out of the mold.

Other novel features and advantages of the invention will become apparent during thefol lowingdetailed descriptionand explanation which;

refer to the. accompanying drawings illustrating theseveral steps of the method .of my invention-t In the drawings,

Figure 1 isa section through a mold showing the charge or gob of molten glass as initially deposited therein;

Figure 1A is a similar of a portion of the gob the'portion of the glasswhich eventuallyjs to form the foot;

Figure. 1B is. a viewsimilarto Figure, 1 showing;

theglassin conditionforrthe pressing, of the;

similar to Figure .1 showing whichwill be fullydescribed and explained here inafter; and

Figures 5 through 7 my method Referring now in detail to the drawings, pluralityof molds are mounted on a press-machine tablell. The table I I i adapted to in a step-by step manner so that the Vance successively from one; station .to the next, aroundthe periphery of the etable, for the per formance of the, several operations about to be described. The-description will cover the prog ress; ofonemold through each of stations occupied by the molds but it will be understood that the at any given station upon all the several molds, in the manner of operation characteristic of rotary machines for making glassware. T

One of the molds iii is illustrated in detail in Figures 1 through 4, which show the several steps of the. complete manufacturing operation; Each mold includes a base plate l2 mountedonq the machine table l l. A mold housing l3 resting. on the plate l2 supports a, mold portion Madapted be rotated to shape the upper portion of the bowl of the ware. In'the mold illustrated, thegportion I4 is a continuous or one-piece top ring. It may, however, be segmental. The lower portion I5 of the mold is composed of a plurality of segments: movable radiallywithin the: housing I 3. The" segments have a slot and shoulder COIlIlBCtlOILIfif with: the, lower portion; of: thejring l4; The;-

viewshowingthe blowing through the mold to form. the finished stem, and the preliminary shaping,of

similar to Figure 1 showing ,1

additional views similar to, Figure 1 showingsucceedingsteps inthe operation are, perspective views, of;

other forms ofware which may be, produced by molds, ad 1 same operation is performed constriction therebetween for forming the stem or foot connection.

As shown in Figure portion l are contracted 1, the segments of mold at the first station.

When the mold is at this station, a gob of molten glass 19 is dropped through the ring l4 and into the lower mold portion 15. If the ring I4 is segmental, its segments are, of course, contracted before the gob is dropped. While the mold dwells at the first station a thereon and a preforming plunger 2| is raised into contact with the lower portion of the mold, as shown in Figure 1A. Airunder pressure is admitted through a, pipe 22 and a passage 23 in the head to the interior of the mold above the gob. Simultaneously suction may, if needed, be applied to the lower portion of the mold by a passage 24 through the plunger 2|. The upper end of the plunger 2| is shaped to form a spherical appendage 25 on the main mass of glass as a portion thereof flows through the open bottom of the mold. The amount of glass flowing through the mold, however, is definitely limited by the plunger 2|. The appendage 25, of course, is connected to the'remainder of the glass by a stem or foot connection 25a formed in the bottom of the mold portion l5. j

The gob begins to set up immediately on contact with the mold, as a result of the loss of heat thereto. After a time sumcient to permit the glass flowing through the mold to fill the recess in the top of plunger 2 I, the blowhead 20 is raised and the plunger 2| is lowered leaving the glass in the mold in the condition illustrated in Figure 13. It is to be noted that the appendage 25 issubstantially spherical in shape. It thus tends to retain suflioient heat so that it may easily be molded to form the foot, in the manner now to be described. After the preforming of the foot, as illustrated in Figures 1A and 1B, the table II is advanced one step, bringing the mold to the second station. When at that location, a plunger 26 is raised to press the appendage 25. As shown in Figure 2, the upper end of the plunger 26 is shaped to form a foot 21 on the partly formed piece of ware. As a result of the air pressure applied by the blowhead 20, the glass fills the lower portion of the mold, insuring that the stem or connection 25a between the foot and the bowl of the ware is fully filled out. The preforming of the appendage 25 insures that just the right amount of glass is available to form the foot. The edge of the finished foot is thus kept free from the mold segments so that no seams are formed thereon.

While the mold remains at the second station, a bowl-forming plunger 28 is 7 brought down through the ring M to press the remainder of the glass upwardly into a complete bowl 3| as shown in Figure 2A. A collar 29 on the plunger 28 has a groove 30 effective to shape the rim of the goblet bowl. When the goblet has been completely shaped, the

plungers

26 and 28 are withdrawn leaving the piece of ware in the mold in the condition shown in Figure 2B. The table next moves forward again to carry the mold to the third station. 1

At the third station a nozzle 32 delivers a cooling blowhead 20 is lowered wardly through the 4 blast of air into the ware from above, as shown in Figure 3. After the preliminary cooling at the third station, the mold is advanced by another step to the fourth station. At that point, as shown in Figure 4, the segments of the lower mold portion 15 are cracked or slightly expanded and streams of cooling air are delivered onto the ware from above and below by

nozzles

33 and 34, respectively. Cracking of the lower mold portion permits longitudinal contraction of the ware. It will be observed that the ware remains suspended in the ring l4 which, being continuous, is not capable of enlargement. If the ring M were segmental, it would preferably be held contracted at this stage. The opening of the lower mold portion also aids cooling of the ware. On the next movement of the table, the mold is advanced to the fifth station at which the foot and stem of the ware are further cooled by a stream of air from a nozzle.

After final cooling at the fifth station the mold advances with the next movement of the table to 7 the sixth station at which the lower mold portion is fully opened. A lifting plunger is moved uptable and mold and is effective to raise the were into elevated position for engagement by a take-away mechanism. By means of a passage through the plunger, suction may be applied to the foot of the piece of ware to aid in holding it on the plunger. It will be noted that the minimum inside diameter of the ring it is sufficientlygreater than the maximum diameter of all portions of the ware formed by the lower mold portion to permit, this upward removal of the ware through the ring. When the ware has been engaged by the take-away mechanism, the plunger is lowered and the table is again moved forward to advance the mold to subsequent stations for further cooling, closing and oiling.

Figures 5, 6 and '7 show other typical forms of ware which may be made by my method,'in addition to that shown in Figure 4.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description that the invention provides a highly advantageous method of shaping footed glass: ware by pressing a charge of molten glass in a mold. The exact: amount of glass needed to form the foot is positively forced through the mold by air pressure and preformed to a heat-retaining 3 used for the upper shape. If a continuous ring is portionof the mold the upper portion of the ware may be formed without seams. The portion of segmental portion or porthe bowl formed by the tions of the mold may embellished, as shown in effectively concealing joints between the segments composing the mold.

be fluted or otherwise The formation of the bottom of the foot by a plunger and the preforming of the foot eliminates seams on the lower side'and edge" of the foot. The invention thus provides a satisfactory method whereby footed ware having a seamof the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1.111 a method ormkmg moaa gsswaism l the drawings, thereby the seams formed at the a mold having a bowl-forming cavity in a portion thereof at least a part of which is in one piece, and stem-forming and foot-forming cavities in mold portions which are segmental, the steps including dropping a mass of molten glass into the mold, applying fluid presure above the mass and simultaneously confining the glass flowing through the stem-forming cavity into the footforming cavity to preform it into a generally spherical appendage, pressing the appendage to form a foot and pressing the glass in the bowlforming cavity to form the bowl.

2. In a method of making footed glassware, the steps including dropping a mass of molten glass through a one-piece mold portion having therein a part, at least of a cavity for forming the bowl of the ware, into segmental mold portions having therein cavities for forming the remainder of the bowl, the stem and the foot, applying fluid and simultaneously confining the glass flowing through the stem-forming cavity into the foot-forming cavity to preform it into a generally spherical appendage, pressing the appendage to form a foot and pressing the glass in the bowl-forming cavity to form the bowl.

3. In a method of making footed glassware, the steps including dropping a mass of molten glass into a mold having cavities for forming a bowl,

stem and foot, applying fluid pressure above the and bowl.

4. In a method of making footed glassware, the steps including dropping a mass of molten glass into a mold having cavities stem and foot, applying fluid to force 5. In a method of making footed glassware, the

- pressure through pressing said part into a foot remainder of the glass into a forming cavity and while pressing the stem and bowl.

7. In a method of making a glass article including a bowl, stem and foot in a mold having segments providin cavities for forming the stem and foot, and a one-piece portion providing a cavity for forming the bowl, the steps including dropping a mass of molten glass into the bowlforming cavity of the mold, introducing a footpreforming member into the foot-forming cavity while forcing a portion of the glass by pneumatic the stem-forming cavity to preform an appendage of glass of predetermined size, and then simultaneously pressing the appendage and the glass in the bowl-forming cavity to give final shape thereto.

mental, applying fluid pressure to the mass to force part of it through the stem-forming cavity, preforming the amount of glass which flows into the foot-forming cavity and pressing it into a foot while pressing the glass in the bowl-forming cavity into a bowl, and controlling the pressing of the foot to limit the spreading thereof and prevent contact of the edge thereof with the mold.

9. In a method of making a footed goblet or the like having a seamless bowl, the steps including dropping a mass of glass through a one-piece mold portion having a bowl-forming cavity therein and into a segmental mold portion having stemforming and foot-forming cavities therein, applying fluid pressure on the mass to force a portion thereof through the stem-forming cavity, confining said portion thereby forming it into an appendage, pressing the appendage to form a foot and pressing the remainder of the glass to form a stem in the segmental mold portion and a seamless bowl in said one-piece mold portion.

' THEODORE H. SLOAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS