US241153A - Steam-boiler furnace - Google Patents

Description

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SteamBoiler Furnace. No. 241,153. Patnfedlvlay 10,1881.

ITNE E5 INVENTUR N. PETERS. Photo-Lkhogmpher. Washington. 13.0,

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No. 241,153. Patented Mayilo, |8s|..-

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N. PETERS. Fhollithogrzplar. Washingion, D. C.

ORLAND D. ORVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM=BO|LERv FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 241,153, dated May 10,

Application led September' 13, 1880. (Model.)

To alt whom it may concern: v

Beit known that I, ORLAND D. ORVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Steam-Boiler Furnace, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam-boiler furnaces,into which steam and air are injected to supply'the necessary oxyhydrogen to the products of combustion for promoting perfect combustion.

Heretofore steam has been introduced into the fire-chamber of a furnace from the four corners of the said chamber, and some dista-nce above and not in close proximity to the surface of the burning` fuel, all of said streams intersectin g at the center of the fire-chamber and in a plane above the point of entrance. By thus introducing steam into a furnace the effectiveness of the steam for assisting combustion is diminished in that it does not come in contact with the rising products of combustion when at their highest degree of temperature; and, furthermore, the draft of the furnace is to some extent destroyed instead of augmented, as it would be if the streams at the rear ot' the tirechamber were omitted.

Combined steam and air inlet pipes have been connected with funnel-shaped air-inlets by means of an enlarged globe or chamber receiving the steam-jet, but owing to the diameter and shape ot' such air-inlets the tendency of such globe to form a vacuum-chamber is to a great extent destroyed, in consequence of which the necessary quantity of airis notdrawn into the fire-chamber to effectual] y aid combustion.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide avacuum-chamberintermediate the steam and air supply pipes, and an auxiliary vacuumchamber in the air-supply pipes themselves for inducing into the furnace a stronger and steadier current of air with a givenamount of steam and size of pipe than has been done heretofore; second, to introduce a series of streams of combined steam and air into the furnace in a horizontal plane just above the surface of the burning fuel, from the sides of the furnace at an oblique angle to the sides and toward the rear end of the same, so that said streams will create a draft and will intersect and intermingle with each other at the center of width of the furnace, third, to adjust the height of thevinlet-pipes above the burning fuel as the depth of said bed is increased by the supply of fuel, fourth, to rigidly maintain the inlet-pipe at the desired adjustment 5 and, tinall y, to deaden the noise caused by the rush of steam and air to the inlet-pipe. I attain these objects by devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a perspective of a locomotiveboiler provided with my improvements, Fig. 2, a. plan view of the fire-chamber of the same; Fig. 3, a side elevation., partlyin section, of the air-supply, steam-supply, and inlet pipes, the adjusting lever and spring for the latter, and the cone for deadenin g the noise, Fig. 4, a front elevation of the same, and Fig. 5 a side elevation of the vacuum-ch amber, with parts broken away to show the steam-jet.

Similar letters indicate the same parts in the several figures of the drawings.

A represents the boiler, B the tire-chamber, c the dome, and b the furnace-door, of an ordinary locomotive-engine.

In the fire-chamber of locomotive-en gines the rapidity of combustion of the fuel is so great that notwithstanding the strong draft of air through the same, which is superinduced by the escape of the exhaust-steam into the stack, volumes of smoke and valuable gases escape unconsumed, and are therefore wasted. To obviate this difficulty I have provided the tirechamber with a series of steam and air injecting and inlet pipes, the construction of which will be presently described, for introducing a series of streams of oxyhydrogen from the sides and end or ends of the fire-chamber and at an angle to the length of the same, so that said streams will unite and intermingle with each other and with the rising products of combustion without obstructing the draft, but, on the contrary, increasing it, so that perfect combustion will be maintained and the temperature of the heat be increased with a given amount of fuel. j,

C represents a downwardly-exten ding steamsupply pipe, terminating in an ordinary jet, c,

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see Fig. 5,) said pipe connecting with the dome of the boiler by means ot a take-off pipe, c,

and horizontal steam-pipe c2. The jet c enters a hollow globe, D, in a horizontal plane, and extends to nearly the opposite side of said globe, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. This globe, which I designate as a vacuumchamber,77 is provided with a removable cap, d, for convenience in extracting obstructions from the steam-jet, and with openings for receiving inlet-pipe E, and air-supply pipe E', the former of which enters the fire-chamber at a right angle to the length of the same, and is then bent at an oblique angle, as indicated in Fig. 2, or else terminates in an elbow the inner end, c, of which is at an oblique angle, as shown in Fig. 3.

It will be noticed that the vacuum-chamber has an inside diameter considerably more than that of any of the pipes entering it, and is therefore of greater capacity, proportionately, the result of which is that a more perfect vacuum will be caused-in this chamber bythe inowing steam from the jet than if the air supply and inlet pipes were continuous, in consequence of which a stronger and denser current of air is caused to ow through the air-supply pipe. Furthermore, the temperature of the vacuum-ch amberis raised and the incoming air more or less heated by the steam-jet, without perceptibly lowering the temperature of the steam before it is intermingled with the air in its passage to the ire-chamber, so that both the air and steam are at a high temperature when they come in contact with the products of combustion. The raised temperature referred to of the vacuumchamber, and the reserved vacuum which said chamber constantly contains by reason of its increased capacity over that of the pipes, induces a stronger and denser current of incoming air with a given amount of steam than has heretofore been attained by analogous devices, and I am enabled to supply the necessary oxygen and hydrogen in more effective proportions, at a higher temperature, and with greater force to cause them to penetrate and unite with the rising products of combustion to consume them, and at the same time to maintain a given steam-pressure with a reduced quantity of fuel, notwithstanding the supply of steam furnished by the boiler to the tire-chamber.

The inlet-pipe E is collared or sleeved to the vacuum-chamber, so that it may be freely rotated in the same to raise its inner end as the tire-bed gradually increases in height, so as to maintain its end opening into the fire-chamber above the surface of the burning fuel and prevent choking by the coals and ashes. This pipe is manipulated by an angle-lever, F, provided with a handle, f, said lever having a pin, g, engaging with perforations in a curved spring-plate, G, secured to the lower part of the chamber, which plate serves to hold the lever, and with it the inlet-pipe, in the desired position.

Instead of independently operating each lever F, where a series of them are used in connection with a corresponding number of inletpipes, the free ends of the levers may be connected by a bar and simultaneously operated, said bar being provided with suitable devices to hold it so as to maintain the levers and elbows in the desired position.

Much annoyance is experienced in this class of devices on account of the noise caused by the rush of the inflowing steam and air, and to obviate this I have provided a hollow cone, H, the apex of which extends into the air-supply pipe, and its base provided with a flange, by means of which the cone is secured to said pipe. This conc has the inner edges of its base rounded, to lessen the friction of the air at that point, and by having its apex extending upwardly into the air-pipe, serves to confine and deaden the noise generated above it, in which function it is augmented by the vacuum existing, when in operation, between its outer walls and the inner walls of the air-v supply pipe. The vacuum-chamber h thus formed by the cone in the pipe E is auxiliary to the chamber D, for inducing a strong and steady current of air to the inlet-pipe, the resultof which is that the oxyhydrogenis thrown with greater force, and consequently more thoroughly intermingled with the rising products of combustion than if the cone were omitted.

Although I have shown two inlet-pipes upon each side ofthe fire-chamber and one upon each side of the door at the end of said chamber, it is obvious that the number may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention, though I prefer that there should be at least one inlet-pipe upon each side of the tire-chamber, and that these two pipes should be arranged opposite each other, so that their streams will meet at the center of width of the tire-chamber.

The inlet-pipes shown may be augmented by similar ones at the opposite end, or I may omit such pipes from the ends entirely, and use only those upon the sides, as above described.

What I claim is- 1. The combination, with a furnace and with each other, of the horizontal steam and airinlet pipe E, openin g into the furnace in a horizontal plane, just above the burning fuel, and at an oblique angle to and toward the rear end of the furnace, the vertical and straight airsupply pipe E', the vacuum-chamber or globe D, the horizontal steam-jet c, entering the vacunmchamber, and the steam-supply pipe c2, said pipes and globe being arranged upon the outside of the furnace, substantial) y as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination hereinbefore set forth, with the steam and air supply pipes, the inletpipe, and an intermediate vacuum-chamber, of an auxiliary vacuum-chamber arranged Within theair-supplypipe,wherebyastrongand steady current of oxyhydrogen is induced into the fur nace.

3. The combination, with a steam-boiler furnace and with each other, of combined steam and air inlet pipes, oppositely arranged .upon

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and entering` the sides of the furnace in a horizontal plane, just above the burning fuel, at an oblique angle to and toward the rear end of the same, whereby said inlet-pipes are adapted to direct streams of air and steam from opposite sides of and toward the rear of the furnace, so that said streams will intersect and inter mingle with each other at the center of width of the furnace.

4. In a steam boiler furnace, the combination, with steam and air inlet pipes oppositely arranged upon and entering the sides of the furnace in a horizontal plane, just above surface of the fuel and at an oblique angle to and toward the rear end of the same, of steam and air inlet pipes arranged upon and entering the front of the furnace, so as to converge at the center of width and toward the rear of the same.

5. The combination, with the eombinedsteam and air supply pipes, of a cone arranged within the latter, as described and shown, whereby the noise caused by the rushing steam and air is diminished.

6. The combination, with a furnace, of one or more elbow shaped steam and air inlet pipes pivotally arranged upon the sides, or front, or both, of the furnace, so that they may be revolved upon their axes, whereby said inlet-pipes are adapted to be adj usted to varying depths of fuel within the tire-chamber of the furnace.

7. In a furnace, the combination, with the adjustable-sleeved pipe E, of the lever F and spring` G, said lever and spring engaging with each other, as and for the purpose described.

Y ORLANI) D. ORVIS.

Witnesses:

JNO. G. ELLioTT, JAMES H. COYNE.

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