US638689A - Furnace. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Dec. l2, |899. J. B.ABCHER.

F U R N A C E (AI-plicaton led July 24, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

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No. 638,689. Patented Dec. l2, |899. J. B. ARCHER.

FURNACE.

(Application led July 24, 1899.) (No Model 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

4 I- f l No. 638,689. Patented Dec.'|2, |899.

J. B. ARCHER.

FURNACE.

(Application led Ju 1y 24, 1899.) (N0 MOBL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

JOHN B. ARCHER, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming* pari', Of Letters Patent NO. 638,689, dated. December 12, 1899.

Application filed July Z4, 1899. Serial No. 724,999. (No modeLl To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ARCHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oakland, in the county of Alameda and lState of Oalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it most nearly appertainsto make, use, and practice the same.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of a boiler provided with a furnace constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a furnace as shown in Fig. l, the boiler and supportingwalls being removed. Fig. 3 isa detail View in plan of a supplemental draft apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention and shown in its twin or double construction. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the same, taken on the lines X' X'.

The object of the present invention is to consume the heavy gases which come off from the combustion in the form of smoke and to increase the efficiency in the combustion itself.

With these objects in view the invention consists in the production and use of an apparatus for spreading the heavy gases in an attenuated sheet and to rotate the same horizontally in the combustion-space to cause a Cyclonic movement of the same, and whereby it is returned for part of the rotation against the natural line of draft in the furnace and into the combustion.

The appliance, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4:, is introduced in the side walls of the fire-box of a furnace in such a manner that the fire-box is surrounded on all sides. The appliance consists of a hollow box A, preferably rectangular in cross-section, from the interior of which protrude twyers A'. It is designed that the hollow box should be contained within the walls of the fire-box and the face of the same be protected by fire-brick B or suitablyconstructed tile or other refractory material. lhe twyers are centrally bored, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, in such a manner that the perforations are at an angle to the boxA horizontally. The inclination of these twyers tensions ofthe box Aare provided with twyers y set at the same angle when viewed in succession, producing in the completed box A a set of twyers on the one extension or side diametrically oppositely inclined to the adjoining extensions and directly oppositely inclined to the twyers of the opposite extension. When the air is forced into the box A and from the box through the twyers, the immediate effect is to produce a rotary action of the air as it is ejected into the central or combustion space over the fire-space of the firebox at the desired distance above the tire.

The box A is provided with an inlet extension A2, extended beyond the front wall of the furnace to receive the connections O' of the main forced-air-draft system C.

The box A is preferablyconstructed of cast metal. It is placed in the wall of the furnace to surround the fire-box, as shown in Figs. l and 2. The metal is protected bythe facing of fire ltile or bricks B.

The preferred location of the box, as shown in Fig. l of. the drawings, is above the gratebars sufficiently high to raise the opening of the double or more sets of twyers a suitable distance above the bed of the fire. By this arrangement the jets of air entering through the twyers strike the gases as they come o the fire-bed and mix them with the oxygen of the air, while breaking up any gas volumes which may have formed. The volumes of admixedair and gas are by reason of the arrangement of the twyers given a horizontal and rotary motion of a rapidity proportionate to the force with which the air is driven from the twyers. This rotary motion produces an effect of any centrifugal action to throw the heavier particles outward, which in this case are the uncombusted gases. These strike on the projections formed on the side Walls and are broken up and scattered and intermixed thereby.

To provide a surface which will separate and break up the combined air and gas volumes when thrown against the side of theA combustion-space by the action above mentioned, I have provided the interrupted projective surface shown in Fig. l of the draw tively.

ings. This surface is produced by the peculiar construction and arrangement of the brick or tile E, which constitute the walls of the combustion-space above the grate-bars. In the drawings the light and dark spaces are used to indicate the ends of the adjacent bricks or tile advanced and receded, respec- It Will be noticed that these tile are triangular in shape and arranged to present one angle of the triangle upward; but I do not coniine myself to the particular shape or form of tile or brick. Another eifect produced by this construction other than the segregation and disintegration of the gas volume is to present small ends or projections which will become heated to a high degree in a very short time by the combustion in the fire-box. This heating of the tile has an added effect in that when the gas is thrown against them the same is at once raised to combustion-point, and there otherwise escaping gases are utilized. A further advantage gained by this interrupted su rface of the firebox when used in conjunction with the appliance for rotating the gases and flame, as herein described, is that the outer periphery of the gases and the flame is retarded, producing a system of secondary rotations, caused by the air on the inner side of the circle traveling at a greater rate of speed than the air on the periphery, all of which coperate in producing the purposes for which this invention was designed-namely,the aggregation of the gas volume and the perfect admixture of the oxygen of the air with the same and also the more perfect utilization of the heat thus generated by this complete admixture and intermingling of oxygen of the air and liberated gases from the burning f neland also by the perfect combustion thus secured the formation of smoke is absolutely prevented.

The air is injected into the chamber A by means of a forced-draft system consisting of the connections C', which are provided With a valve O2, coil C, and the connecting-pipe to the blower C3.

In some instances it is desired to control the force or volume of air in the sides of the box A independently. This is accomplished by the dampers or gates D, which are provided with handles leading to the outside of the furnace, as shown in the drawings.

Having thus described this invention, it is claimedl. The combination with a furnace having a tire-box, of a hollow box or tube arranged to surround said fire-box, obliquely-arranged twyers projecting horizontally from said box or tube and provided with central bores communicating with the latter, and an air-pipe communicating with said box or tube; substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with a furnace having a fire-box, of a hollow box or tube arranged to surround said fire-box, obliquely-arranged twyers projecting horizontally from said box or tube and provided with central bores communicating with the latter, a non-combustible facing interposed between said twyers, and an air-inlet pipe communicating with said box or tube; substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a furnace having a fire-box, of a hollow metallic box or tube arranged to surround said fire-box and having an air-inlet branch, obliquely-arranged horizontal twyers projecting from said box or tube and provided with central bores communicating with the latter, and an air-feeding pipe connected to said air-inlet branch, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a furnace having a re-box, of a hollow box or tube arranged to surround said lire-box, obliquely-arranged twyers projecting horizontally from said box or tube and provided with central bores communicating with the latter, an air-pipe communicating with said box or tube, and an interrupted projective surface located in said fire-box above said box or tube; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of May, 1899.

JOHN B. ARCHER.

Vitnesses:

AUGUST N. NILssoN, ARTHUR W. Down.

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