US2410808A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 12, 1946.

N. A. CHRISTENSEN PUMP Filed July 7, 1944 @sheets-sheet 1 lvraenn Nov. 12,'1946. N. A. cHRlsTENsEN 2,410,308

PUMP

n Filed July 7, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR. MH: A. CMP/515mm Effenaar:

through such pump;

Patented Nov. l2,

UNITED STATES PATENT ,OF-FICE y 2,410,808 i Y v l PUMP Niels A. Christensen, South Euclid, Ohio Application July 7, 1944, .Serial No. l543,869

(Cl. 103-193)r 8 Claims.

This invention relates to a double-acting piston pump, the general object being to lprovide such pump in a very simple form, eillcient for propelling a continuous streamvof fluid. Another object is to provide such a pump in the form which may be very readily disassembled for cleaning and reassembled, and will maintain itself tight in all locations where leakage might be liable to occur.

More particularly, my invention provides a cylinder with two removable heads and a piston in the cylinder carrying a feeding conduit prof jecting through one of the heads, the piston being hollow and having valve controlled passages to feed liquid to either side of the piston according to the direction of movement thereof, so that liquid may be received within the pistonV and forced iirst to one end of the cylinder and then the other, two ends being connected through two suitable check valves to a common discharge pipe. It is an object of the. invention to provide such a pump with simple and at the same'time effective valve means within the piston controlling the intake thereto and the discharge from the piston alternately to opposite ends of the cylinder.

The provision of a simple frame construction, readily separable but firm when assembled, and a simple and eiiective manual means for reciprocating the piston are also objects of the invention.

My invention is illustrated in two preferred forms in the accompanying drawings and its features will be more apparent from the'following detailed description of those forms, it being understood that I do not limit myself to either specific form illustrated further than the appended claims and the prior art require.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan of a preferred form of hand operated pump embodying this invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical central section Fig. 3 is a cross section in a vertical plane. as indicated by the line 3-3 on Fig. 2 looking toward the left; Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the piston shown in Fig'. 2; Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of my pump having a different form of piston and valves; Figs. 6 and '7 are vertical cross sections of the pump shown in Fig. 5, the planes of the sections being indicated by the correspondingly numbered lines on Fig. 5.

The body of the pump,'shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, comprises: a cylinder I with discharge passageways controlled by check valves; a pair of cylinder heads and 2| adapted to seat in the `lill occupying a scotch 2 cylinder and overlap the ends thereof; a pair of frame members 30 and 3| abutting the two cylinder heads, and a seriesof through bolts 40 extending alongside ofthe cylinder and passing through the frame members and having heads 4| at one end and carrying nuts 42 at the'other end. The tightening of these nuts clamps the frame plates against lthe cylinder heads and th.

yheads against the ends ofthe cylinder, to makl av simple stationary construction. Below the cylinder, the two frame plates are anged into horizontal members 32 and 33 providing a suitable base carrying the pump with braces 32' and 33.

' Within the cylinder is a reciprocating piston 5|]v having on one side a solid rod 5 extending through the cylinder head 20 and on the other side a tubular rod 52 extending through the cylinder head L2|.` 'I'he cylinder head 2| is provided with va tubular extension, 22 internally threaded at its end to receive a suction pipe 25'. Such suction pipe communicates,A through the hollow rod 52 with the interior of the piston, thus supplying liquid to the pump, as hereinafter explained.

The rod 5| provides the means by which the piston is reciprocated. I have shown the pump `as a hand operated device and in this case I provide an oscillating arm pivoted tothe base plate 32 and carried in an upwardly extending operating handle bar 6|. The oscillating member 6|) carries a cross pin 63 on which is a roller yoke 55 on the piston rod 5I. The yoke is shown as having av strap portion with vertical parallel opposed faces engaged opposite sides of the roller 54 and havingani internally threaded tubular extension 56 threaded onto an externally threaded reduced portion 51 of the piston rod 5|. A nut 58 on this thread clamps the yoke tightly to the rod. i

As shown in the drawings, the pivoting of the operating member is accomplished by a pair of frame ears 35 turnedupwardly from the base plate 32 and carrying a cross pin 3l which occupies a tubular member carried between and secured to the lower ends of the bifurcated arm 60. The bolt 31 is shown as having a head 38 on oneend and a nut 39 on the other. Similarly the bolt 63.carrying the roller 64 has a head 66 on one end and a nut 61 on the other. The

upper ends of the bifurcated operating member are curved inwardly and in a nearly semi-circular form, as indicated at 68 to rigidly embrace the operating handle 8|. It will be seen that 3 the reciprocation of this handle operates to reciprocate'the piston within the cylinder.

'I'he piston 50 has within-it the two diametrically opposed cylindrically-shaped chambers 1I! and 1I. The chamber 10 communicates with the portion of the cylinder toward the left, Fig. 2 (thatv 'is toward the operating member) by a port 12, while the cylinder 1I communicates at the opposite end of the cylinder by a port 13. The two chambers are both. connected with the bore 53 of the tubular piston rod 52 by ports 'I5 and 1B.

Each port 15 or 16 is normally closed by a ball valve BI or 82 pressed inwardly by a compression spring ,35, the inner end of which abuts the valve ball and the outer end of which abuts a stop plate 85 mounted in an enlargement of the cavity or 1I of the piston. An abutment member 86 is a dished plate pressed inwardly to its seat sothat its edge iirmly engages the wall of the cavity it` occupies, the plate thus forming an effective abutment for the spring without engaging theI cylinder wall. The operation of these valves willV be described later.

Rigidly formed on the exterior of the cylinder, either as a part thereof or permanently secured thereto, is a body II having a longitudinal passageway I2 communicatingcentrally-with a hollow boss I3 into which is threaded the discharge pipe 30. The passageway |21 communicates at opposite ends with cavities Il and I5 which communicate respectively with opposite end portions f of the cylinder'by ports I5 and I1. The two ports IG and I 1 are normally closed by ball valves 9| and 92 which are shown as seated by springs 93. Each spring bears at its inner end against the corresponding ball and at the outer end seats in a cavity in a screw plug which is threadingly mounted in an internally threaded upwardly extending wall about the corresponding cavity Il or I5. yFor convenience of formation, I extend the passageway I2 in the bodyV II entirely to one end of such body and close it by a removable plug 95.

I provide suitable packings to maintaina fluidtight connection between the cylinder heads and the cylinder wall, as shown at |00; also between the cylinder heads and the: piston rods, as shown at IUI; and between the piston and cylinderwall at |02.

As shown, each of the packings comprises an annular` ring of rubber-like material normallyy round in cross section but somewhat flattened in position so as to partially occupy a groove in the member carrying it, of somewhat greater width than the ring. By this means the packing member` is able to roll as it is moved along its contacting member, or such member moves along the ring. This rolling action kneadsrthe material of the ring and maintains it in active condition over a long period of time. The rolling of the outer packing, in the cylinder heads occurs whenever such heads are put into piace in the cylinder and is also kneaded by pressure variation from the alternate pressure and intake strokes, and as to the other packings occurs with each stroke of the piston. v

In the operation of the pump, shown in Fig. 2, if the handle 6I is moved to the left, reduced pressure results in the chamber A at the right of the piston. This results in the valve 82 lifting, while the valve 92 remains seated, producing suction in the conduit 53 and the communicating chamber C and in the suction pipe. At the same time, if there is liquid in the chamber B at the left of the piston, it is put under pressure, the valve 8I remaining closed and the valve 8| opening, and thus liquid is forced into the passageway I2 and up the discharge pipe 90.

On the return stroke, toward the right, the liquid which has filled the chamber A is put under pressure, the valve 82 seats and the valve 92 opens and such liquid is forced up into the passageway I2 and out of the pipe 90. On this right hand stroke the pressure in the chamber B at the left of the piston is reduced, the valve 9i seating, the valve 9| opening, and liquid from the suction conduit passing through the ports 15 and 12 into the chamber B, to be put under pressure on the subsequent left hand stroke of the piston.

It is to be understood that the suction pipe 25 is provided with a suitable foot valve not shown, opening toward the pump and effective to retain the fluid in the chamber C on the left hand stroke ofthe piston.

vIn the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 5., 6 and 7, the cylinder with its heads; the discharge valve features; thesupporting brackets, and the operating mechanism, are all the same as that already described and the same .reference characters apply. The construction in this modification diers merely in the piston and the valves therein.

As will be clearly seen from Fig. 5, I have in this embodiment provided a disc-like piston body III! which may be integral with the two' piston rods 5I and 52. This body engages the wall of the piston and has a peripheral groove in which seats a packing II I. 0n opposite sides of the body III), above the piston rods, I have formed the construction into a pair of upwardly facing vertical chambers or cups II2 and VI I3 which constitute valve chambers. Each chamber has its own port III, Ii5 communicating with the bore 53 of the hollow piston rod. Each chamber communicates individually with the space on that side of the piston rod, this communication being readily effected by terminating the tops of the chambers short of the cylinder wail.

The two valve chambers contain ball valves I IG, II1 controlling the respective ports II4 and II5. The chambers extend vertically upward so that the balls normally rest by gravity on the seats, closing the ports. They may be moved upwardly away from the seat by fluid pressure but are retained within the cavity by cross rods IIS mounted in the walls of the cavity. l

The construction of Fig. 5 is somewhat cheaper than that of Fig. 2 and is equally effective 'especially in installations where it is feasible for the wall cavities to retain the upwardly extending position. The operation offthis embodiment is essentially the same as that of Fig. 2, namely, when the piston moves toward the left, the valve IIS remains seated due to the pressure on it, while the valve I I1 lifts, due to the reduced pressure in the right hand portion of the cylinder. This supplies suction to allow the fluid to flow to the pump through the bore 53. Then, on the return stroke toward the right, the valve II1 is seated and the valve IIB lifts and allows fluid to pass into the left hand cylinder space.

It results therefore that as the handle is reciprocated back and forth, fluid is forced upward-4 v well adapted for pumping fluid under pressure as an emergency hand operation in airplanes in the case of failure of the automatic pumping. The mechanism shown with its effective packing enables the ready pumping of such fluid under high pressure.

One of the objects of my invention, especially useful in airplane work, is to enable the ready disassemblage of the parts for cleaning or for replacement of any broken or injured part. Thus by merely unscrewing the nut 69 and taking out the bolt 65, I can disconnect the operating mechanism from the piston. Then by detaching one of the frame members from its support, by the removal of the fastening bolts passing through the feet thereof, and the removal of the nuts 42 on the rods 40, I can separate the frame plates from the cylinder heads and allow the cylinder heads to be separated from the cylinder and the piston removed. This leaves each packing. duly exposed for the replacement. By taking out the plugs 94, one obtains access to each of the disciprocating the piston.

charge valves and by removing the abutment disc y 'I0 or the stop pin the valves in the piston are freed for removal. It is a similarly simple matter to reassemble the pump. Accordingly, cleaning y or repairs may be readily accomplished, as well as the replacement of any injured part.

I claim:

1. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of heads therefor, a piston therein, a piston rod extending from the cylinder through one of the heads of the cylinder, a pair of frame brackets abutting opposite ends of the cylinder heads and having lateral extensions to provide a support, through bolts on the outside of the cylinder connecting the frame brackets and operating to hold the cylinder and the two heads and the two frame brackets as one stationary device.

2. In apump, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of cylinder heads therefor, a pair of brackets on the outer side of the heads, through bolts tightening the two brackets against the heads and the heads against the cylinder, one of said brackets being flanged at its lower end to provide a supporting foot for the pump. a piston within the cylinder having an operating rod extending through one of the heads into position above said foot, and manual operating means for the rod mounted on said foot.

3. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of heads extending into the interior of the cylinder and having iianges engaging the ends of the cylinder, through bolts on the outside of the cylinder adapted to force the heads toward each other, a piston within the cylinder having a rod slidable in one of the heads, said head having packings engaging the interior of the cylinder and,

the exterior of said piston rod.

4. In a pump, the combination of a vcylinder having cylinder heads, a piston therein having a tubular portion extending slidably into one of the heads into communication with a supply conduit carried thereby, said piston having a pair of opposed radial chambers within it, each/communicating by a port at the bottom of the chamber with the interior of said tubular portion, there being a port leading from one chamber to the space on one side of the piston and a port leading from the other chamber to the space on the other side of the piston, a ball valve in each radial chamber adapted to seat over the port connect- 5. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder having a pair of chambers spaced longitudinally of the piston extending outwardly to the periphery of the piston, a packing carried by the piston between said chambers, one of said chambers communicating with the space in the cylinder on one side of the piston and the other with the space from the cylinder on the other side of the piston, a tubular member leading from the piston passing through one of the cylinder heads and in communication with a supply pipe, there being ports within the piston from the respective chambers to said tubular member, each port being normally closed by aV valve within the chamber, valve-controlled discharge passageways leading from the opposite ends of the cylinder, and means for reciprocating the piston.

6. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder having cylinder heads, a piston therein having a tubular portion extending slidably into one of the heads into communication with a. supply conduit, said piston having a pair of upwardly extending chambers side by side longitudinally with the piston extending between them, a packing carried by the piston between said chambers each chamber communicating by la port with the interior of said tubular portion, each chamber terminating short of the cylinder wall and thus in open communication across the periphery of the piston with the cylinder space on that side of the piston, a valve in each chamber, vaivecontrolied discharge passageways from the opposite ends of the cylinder, and means for reciprocating the piston. 1

7. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of heads extending into the interior of the cylinder and having flanges engaging the ends of the cylinder, means passing through the flanges to hold the heads in position, a piston within the cylinder having a rod slidable in one of the heads, said head having packings'engaging the interior of the cylinder and the exterior of said piston rod.

8. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a pair of heads extending into the interior of the cylinder and having flanges engaging the ends of the cylinder, a piston within the cylinder havlng a pair of oppositely extending rods .slidable in the respective heads, operating means engaging one of the rods. the other rod being tubular and a suction chamber in the head that rod occupies adapted to supply iiuid to the tubular rod, there being passageways in the piston from the tubular rod to the opposite sides of the piston respectively, and valves within the piston controlling said passageways, each cylinder head having packings engaging the interior of the ing that chamber with the tubular member, a I

cylinder and the exterior of the corresponding piston rod.

mELs A. CHRISTENSEN.

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