US2215827A

US2215827A - Pump

Info

Publication number: US2215827A
Application number: US230480A
Authority: US
Inventors: Marvin W Ditto
Original assignee: EMULSIONS PROCESS CORP
Current assignee: EMULSIONS PROCESS Corp
Priority date: 1938-09-17
Filing date: 1938-09-17
Publication date: 1940-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 1957-09-24

Description

M. W. DlTTO Sept. 24, 1940.

PUMP

Filed Sept. 17, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 24, 1940.

M. w. DITTO 2,215,827

PUMP

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 17, 1958 M. W. DITTO Sept. 24, 1940.

PUMP

Filed Sept. 17. 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 M. W. DITTQ Sept. 24, 1940.

PUMP

Filed Sept. 17. 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 M. w; 17 z z iii Patented Sept. 24, 1940 PATENT OFFICE Marvin W. has, New

Emulsions Process Corporation,

of Delaware York, N. Y., asslgnor to a corporation Application September 17, 1938, Serial No. 230,480

6 Claims.

The present application is a continuation-inpart of my application Serial No. 197,910 filed March 24, 1938.

This invention relates to improvements in pumps and more particularly to proportioning or metering pumps.

The primary purpose of the invention is to provide a high pressure pump which will give a steady, non-pulsating movement to the pumped fluids, such as oil and/or water.

A further object is to supply a pump of smaller size than other pumps now on the market for similar purposes but adapted to deliver like volumes under substantially the same pressures as the larger pumps.

A further object is to furnish a high pressure proportioning pump, the moving parts of which will produce less wear and the elements of which will make repairs easy.

Another object is to supply a pump having two sets of plungers and adjustable means for varying the amount of liquid pumped by either set of plungers.

With the foregoing objects outlined and with other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view partly in elevation of approximately one-half the pump.

Fig. 1A is a similar view of the other half.

Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sectional views taken respectively on the lines 2--2 and 3-3 of Fig. 1A.

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1A.

Referring to the drawings, 5 designates a tubular medial casing having end closure plates 6 and i secured in position by screws 8 (Fig. 2) Bolts 9 project from the end plates through spacing sleeves l0 and through collars II, the latter being integral with cylinder blocks l2 and i3. The sleeves l0 serve to space the plates 6 and I respectively from the blocks l2 and I3, and nuts I4 and washers ii are mounted on the bolts to secure the parts together.

The outer ends of the cylinder blocks are secured by screws l6 (Fig. 3) to cylinder heads I! and IB, and each head is provided with radial ports 19. Each of these ports contains a tubular cage 20 that is removably secured in place by a plug 2| having threaded engagement with the cylinder head. An intake manifold passageway 22 is provided in each cylinder head, and by means of ports 23, the passageway communicates with the interior of the cages 20. A valve seat 24 is associated with each of the ports 23 and 5 cooperates with a valve head 25. The valve heads have stems 26 that are guided by sleeves 2! arranged in the cages, and each valve head is yleldingly urged toward its seat by a coil spring 28.

Each cylinder head also has an outlet or disin charge passageway 29 that communicates with the interior of the cages by means of ports 30.

Each cage is provided with a valve seat 3| that cooperates with an outlet valve head 32, the latter being arranged to reciprocate radially of the 1d cylinder head and being yieldingly urged toward its seat by a coil spring 33 which bears against the plug 2|.

Each cylinder block is provided with a set of bores 34 which communicate with the interior w of the valve cages by means of ports 35 and 3% provided respectively in the valve cages and in the cylinder heads. A. spider 31 forming part of each cage extends across the port 35 thereof in order to guide the stem of the intake valve.

Sets of plungers or

pistons

38 and 39 are arranged for reciprocation in the bores of the blocks l2 and i3, and each plunger is provided at its outer end portion with a cam shaped peripheral recess 40 for a purpose hereinafter described. 30

Packing rings 4| surround each plunger and are held in place by a threaded gland 42 that is screwed into the cylinder block.

The means for reciprocating the plungers consist of a rotatable main shaft 43 that may be M driven by any suitable prime mover. The shaft is journalled in combined radial and

thrust beam ings

44, 45 and 46 arranged respectively in the cylinder head 18 and closure plates I and 6. The shaft extends through the center of the cylinder block I3 and is arranged parallel to the plungers.

An annular cam 41 is fixed to the inner end portion of the shaft and is arranged to rotate in the casing 5. The cam acts on rollers 48, jour- 45 nalled on pins 49 which serve to secure guide and connecting elements 50 to the inner ends of each pair of plungers, formed by aligned plungers of the two

sets

30 and 39. Dowel pins 5i also connect the plungers to the

guide elements

50 and 50 act to reinforce the joint formed by the pins 49.

It will be obvious from the foregoing that the turning of the cam 41 will cause the plungers to reciprocate in the bores of the cylinder blocks so that liquid will be drawn into the cylinder through the ports 23 and past the valves 25 and will be ejected through the valve seats 3| and past the valves 32.

For purposes of inspection, repairor replacement and for guiding the connecting elements 50, it will be noted especially from Fig. 4 that the medial casing 5 is provided with a radially disposed series of ports 52 corresponding in number to the number of elements and that each port is closed by a removable cover 53 having a V- shaped inner surface 56 cooperating with a complementary surface on each of the elements 50. It will be clear from Figs. 1, 1A and 4 that when a cover plate is removed, the guide element 50 which is associated with the same may be readily reached for removal, as well as the rollers 48 and pins 49 which are associated with that particular plate.

For proportioning purposes the

plungers

38 and 39 are not only mounted for reciprocation but also for rotary movement. To permit this, each plunger is made in two sections and 56 (Fig. l) which are joined together by a swivel connection 51 that permits rotation of the section 55 about its axis. The swivel Joint preferably includes an anti-friction bearing 53 that is positioned between shoulders 59 and arranged respectively on the

sections

55 and 56. The anti-friction bearing is held in position and the sections are held together by half collars 6i, secured to one another by bolts 62. A small gear 63 is fixed to each piston 38, and these gears mesh with a larger gear 66 which is positioned between them and fixed to a manually operated shaft 65, journalled in a sleeve 66 of the cylinder block l2, and a bearing 61 formed in the closure plate 6. The shaft is co-axial with the main shaft #33 and is provided at its outer end with a hand wheel 68. When the hand wheel is turned, the gear M turns the gears 63 as well as the sections 55 of the pistons 38. This results in rotary adjustment of the recesses 40 relatively to by-pass passageways 59 that place the bores of the cylinder block I2 in communication with the intake conduit 22. With such a construction, if the regulating wheel 68 is turned to rotate the plungers more than ninety degrees from the base lines 40a of the recesses 40, the by-pass passageways 69 will be closed and the cylinders will always discharge during the full travel of the stroke of the plungers. However, if the plungers are rotated to a position where the recesses communicate with the by-passes; during the discharge stroke, the passageways 69 will remain open a period of time equal to the time required for the plunger to travel the distance from its outer end to the inclined edge 40b of its recess, and consequently the plungers will not pump the full amount during each discharge stroke. Therefore, by setting the relative position of the pistons, any proportion of water, oil or other liquid can be obtained from one set of plungers with respect to the other. By way of further explanation, it will be observed that the plungers 39 are also provided with gears 63a that mesh with a larger gear 64a which surrounds the main shaft 03 and is fixed on a rotatable sleeve 64b carried by and projecting from the cylinder block l3. Here also each of the recesses 40 of the plungers 39 cooperates with a by-pass passageway 69a that leads from the bore portion of the block l3 to the intake conduit 22 of the cylinder head l8.

The gear 64a is rigidly united with a sprocket wheel 10 which is turned by means of a sprocket chain H, the latter being actuated by a sprocket wheel I2, that is rotatably mounted on a shaft 13 journalled in a sleeve 14, that is supported by the closure plates 6 and I. The end of the shaft 13 opposite that where the sprocket wheel 12 is located, is provided with a second sprocket wheel 15, also rotatably mounted on the shaft 13. Both sprocket wheels, however, may be locked or fixed to the shaft by providing one end of the shaft with a nut 16 and at its opposite end with a threaded hand wheel ll. When the hand wheel is unscrewed slightly, either sprocket wheel may be turned relatively to the shaft, and as will hereinafter be explained, this will permit the plungers 38 to be rotatably adjusted relatively to the plungers 39 or vice versa, so that the recesses 40 of one set of plungers may be positioned differently fromthe recesses of the other set of plungers. Of course, when the wheel 11 is tightened, the sprocket wheels 12 and 15 will be locked to the shaft 13 and then if the sprocket wheel i5 is turned, it will cause turning of the plungers 33. The sprocket wheel 15 is actuated by a sprocket chain 78 driven by a sprocket wheel 19 that is rigidly united with the gear 64. Manifestly, if the wheel 68 is turned and the hand wheel H has been tightened, all of the plungers will be rotated in unison for simultaneous adjustment to take care of the proportioning desired. Depending upon the positions of the recesses 60, the amount of liquid displaced during the stroke of the pump is regulated, that is, if the recesses are disposed to by-pass the liquid for 50% of the stroke, then displacement of the piston in that position is only 50% of the volume. Of course, the relative proportions of liquids displaced at the opposite ends of the pump can be regulated in the manner heretofore described. The construction is such as to permit a difference in the proportioning of two liquids (handled by opposite ends of the pump) from 0 to 50%.

In operation, if water is admitted to one set of cylinders at one end of the pump and oil into the other set at the opposite end, and the diameter of the cylinders and the length of the plungers are equal in both instances, the pump would discharge 50% water and 50% oil. Such proportioning can be changed by'varying the diameter of either set of pistons and cylinders relatively to the other so as to obtain any desired ratio. However, I prefer to vary the proportions by the piston-adjusting means illustrated in the drawings and described above. Of course, total output of the pump can be controlled by varying the speed of the shaft 43.

Primarily, this design of pump is useful and necessary where it is essential that accurate proportions of different kinds of oil, oil and water or other liquids must be measured, and where it is impractical to regulate such mixtures by the adjustment of valves. The pump acts as a metering device as there is positive displacement accurately measured by the speed with which the cam 41 is rotated. The pump illustrated operates satisfactorily to produce 3000 pounds pressure per square inch, and translates a high motor speed (without the use of gears) into reciprocal motion through the cross head guide elements 50 and rollers 48, with a minimum of vibration or shock. The design of this pump is unique because of the fact that reciprocal motion of positive displacement pistons is obtained without the use of wobble plates, gears or like mechanical means. It is very eflicient because the rotary motion is translated into reciprocal motion by a cam having a progressively inclined plane in constant contact with the rollers at both faces of the cam. Due to this construction, it is unnecessary to have special means of applying power as anything that will rotate shaft 43 will result in pumping action on the reciprocating pistons. By thi means, with constant inclined plane developed on an annular surface, there is progressive application of power without shock.

The pump has tremendous capacity at high pressures in a confined space due to the translation of rotary motion into reciprocal motion, short stroke and the ability to absorbe both thrust and radial loads in the central casing 5 carried on the

anti-friction bearings

45 and 46. As compared to other pump equipment for similar purposes, there is complete elimination of gears, yokes, etc., in giving variable strokes, etc. With suitable materials used for construction, extremely high pressures can be produced without pulsation, and the equipment is so designed that it is easy to maintain in repair.

In a pump according to my invention, as there is a progressive motion of the operating cam around its axis, there are four cylinders on each side that are on the suction cycle and four discharging on the pressure side at each end of the pump, and as there are sufficient cylinders around the axis at each end of the pump, pulsation is eliminated in the overlapping of the dis charge strokes.

Instead of operating the wheel 68 manually, it will be obvious that such wheel might be actuated automatically by any suitable means in order to change the proportions of the liquids pumped. Of course, the apparatus need not be used for proportioning purposes, and it may be employed as a straight pump as it is particularly adapted for procuring very high hydraulic pressures, and can therefore be used as a means for varying the amount of load carried by hydraulic pressure.

The face of the operating cam and its cooperating roller in each instance are developed at the proper angle so that the maximum and minimum radii of the rollers travel at the same rate of speed along the space of the line contact between rollers and the cam thereby reducing friction and wear.

Instead of operating the units at the opposite ends of the pump in an opposed piston manner, it is manifest that such units may be driven separately by a separate motor. I prefer, however, to build the pump as of opposed piston type, as such construction is cheaper and does not require such heavy thrust bearings as separate units.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the units may be separately built and powered and such a construction makes a very flexible pump as the proportions may be varied by the speed of the individual motors, whereas in the opposed piston type the output of one unit must be varied by some device'such as illustrated, as both units are driven at the same speed by a common shaft.

1 wish it distinctly understood that my improved pump as described and illustrated is in forms which I desire to construct and that changes and variations may be made as may be convenient or desirable without departing from the salient features thereof, and I therefore intend the following claims to cover such modiflcations as naturally fall within the lines of the invention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with a plurality of series of bores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series of bores, other valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with the other series of bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore in which the plunger reciprocates, a, by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, means for reciprocating the plungers, and selective means connecting the rotatable portions of one set of plungers to the rotatable portions of the other set of plungers whereby the rotatable portions of one set of plungers may be turned in unison with the rotatable portions of the plungers of the other set, or the rotatable portions of the plungers of either set may be turned relatively to the rotatable portions of the other set.

2. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with oppositely disposed series of bores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series of bores, other valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with the other series of bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore in which the plunger reciprocates, a by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, means for reciprocating the plungers, com mon means for turning the rotatable portions of the plungers about their axes, and means operatively connected with the last-mentioned means to turn the rotatable portions of one set of plungers relatively to the other set of plungers to vary the volume of fluid pumped by one set of plungers relatively to that pumped by the other set of plungers.

3. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with oppositely disposed series of bores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series of bores, other valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with the other series of bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore in which the plunger reciprocatesya by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, means for reciprocating the plungers, first gears fixed to the rotatable portions of each set of plungers, second gears meshing with the first gears, and means operatively connecting said second gears whereby the rotatable portions of both sets of plungers may be turned in unison or the rotatable portions or the plungers of one set may be turned relatively to the other set of plungers.

4. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with oppositely disposed series of bores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series oi! bores, other valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with the other series 01' bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore in which the plunger reciprocates, a by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, means for reciprocating the plungers, first gears fixed to the plungers of each set, second gears meshing with the first gears, common means connecting said second gears whereby the turning of one of the second gears will cause simultaneous rotation of the rotatable portions of all of the plungers, and means operatively connected with the last-mentioned means to turn the rotatable portions of one set of plungers relatively to the other set of plungers to vary the volume of fiuid pumped by one set of plungers relatively to that pumped by the other set of plungers.

5. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with oppositely disposed series of bores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series of bores, other valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with the other series of bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set oi plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore 5 in which the plunger reciprocates, a by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, means forrcciprocating the plungers, manually controlled common means for turning the rotatable portions of the plungers about their axes, and manually controlled means operatively connected with the last-mentioned means to turn the rotatable portions of one set of plungers relatively to the other set of plungers to vary the volume of fluid pumped by one set or plungers relatively to that pumped by the other set of plungers.

6. A proportioning pump comprising casing means provided with oppositely disposed series of pores, valve-controlled intake and discharge passageways communicating with one series of bores, other valve-controlled intake and dis- 2 charge passageways communicating with the other series of bores, each intake passageway and discharge passageway being common to the series of bores with which they communicate, a first set of plungers having rotatable portions 3 arranged to rotate and reciprocate in one series of bores, a second set of plungers having rotatable portions arranged to reciprocate and rotate in the other series of bores, each plunger having a peripheral recess communicating with the bore in which the plunger reciprocates, a by-pass connecting each bore with the intake passageway with which it is associated and adapted when the plunger in that bore is in a certain position to pass fluid from the bore to the intake passageway, a series of cross heads, each cross head having one or its ends connected to a plunger of one set and its opposite end connected to a plunger of the other set, means operatively connected to said cross heads for reciprocating the plungers, and selective means connecting the rotatable portions of one set of plungers to the rotatable portions of the other set of'plungers whereby the rotatable portions of either set of plungers may be turned in unison with the rotatable portions of the plungers of the other set, or the rotatable portions of the plungers of either set may be turned relatively to the rotatable portions of the other set. I

MARVIN W. DITTO.