US2410060A - Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes - Google Patents

Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2410060A
US2410060A US434269A US43426942A US2410060A US 2410060 A US2410060 A US 2410060A US 434269 A US434269 A US 434269A US 43426942 A US43426942 A US 43426942A US 2410060 A US2410060 A US 2410060A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
filament
spiral
filaments
vacuum tube
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US434269A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lynn C Goodale
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Federal Telephone and Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE461798D priority Critical patent/BE461798A/xx
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority to US434269A priority patent/US2410060A/en
Priority to GB3798/43A priority patent/GB569048A/en
Priority to FR916563D priority patent/FR916563A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2410060A publication Critical patent/US2410060A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/02—Manufacture of incandescent bodies
    • H01K3/04—Machines therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to vacuum tube filaments and more particularly to the method of making spiral vacuum tube filaments and the filaments so made.
  • the spacing requirements of the filament may be very critical.
  • the spacing between the filament and grid is in the order of 0.040 inch.
  • the filament is generally of relatively fine wire and may warp or sag during carburizing or setting thereof. Such warping or sagging may upset the entire characteristics of the tube. 1
  • spiral filaments areformed and are then screwed into a sleeve made of :carbon or of other material if setting alone is desired,
  • the assembly is then heated .to a high, temperature.
  • This heating serves to set the filament land if a carbon sleeve is used alsov carburizes for, partially carburizes the filament.
  • the spiral filament is lubricated with colloidal graphite while screwing into the sleeve..
  • the spiral filament Since the spiral filament is held firmly in place by the grooved sleeve, the filament has no opportunity to sag or warp during the heatingl thermore, since only the outer surface of the;
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an arrangement for practicing the process andproducing filaments inaccordancewith my invention
  • Fig. 2 is an illustration of a single spiral filament
  • Figs, 3 and 4 are elevations and end views respectively of quadra-filar filament
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional View of a filament wire indicating the outer surface.
  • the wires may be in ductile form as originally wound, and' it is then desirable to have them set before incorporating them in the Vacuum tube to preventdistortion or warping of the wires due to strains that may exist therein.
  • This socalled 'setting of the wires- is accomplished by heating the wires to a temperature near the melting point-of the wires or at least to incande'scense. After such a heat treatment, tung-v sten wires in particular, are found to be more rigid than previously although they are also more brittle. Furthermore, in the case of thoriated tungsten filaments it is often desired to treat these filaments to produce carburization. This treatment also calls for heating at a relatively high temperature after the wire has been covered with a, carbon composition.
  • the spiral filament consisting of coils l0 and l I, is screwed into a previously prepared block or sleeve I 3, which is provided with an internal threaded groove I 4 of the proper, dimension and pitch to receive the spiral and hold it in place during heating.
  • the entire unit is then inserted into a heater I5, which may be for example, a coil supplied with heating energy over leads I6, l1.
  • a heater I5 which may be for example, a coil supplied with heating energy over leads I6, l1.
  • the spiral grooves I4 hold the wires firmlyin place so that after the wire has been set it, will be shaped properly and not deformed.
  • the filament Ill, II is carburized at the same time that the setting takes place.
  • the wire filaments are preferably lubriin accordance with my invention will generally carburized on a section corresponding to the outer edge of the spiral coil.
  • a certain degree of carburization may take place on the inner surface of the coil as well, due to the graphite lubrication.
  • the greatest heat is on the outside as well as the greatest quantity of carbon and for this reason the carburization will be largely on the outersurface of the spiral filament.
  • blocks or sleeves used for carburizing the filament may be reused for treatment of a plurality of individual filaments and need not be replaced newior each filament to be treated.
  • Fig. Zillustrates asingle spiral filament. It is clear that thefeatures of my invention. maybe. applied not only tobi-filar filaments of thedouble spiral, as shown in Fig. 1, but to any spiral filaments regardless otthe. number of spirals therein. In. this figurethesingle spiral is shown at 29,. provided with a supporting rod and returnlead .21. for the filament.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 what: is called a quadraefilar filament.
  • this arrangement there is provided four separate spirals 3i, 32, 33, and 34; Spirals 3.1, 3-2, together with a supportingrod 35: form onebi-filar filament winding similar to that shownin Fig. 1. Filaments. 33 and .34, to-
  • the carburization may be achieved by supporting the filament on a central mandrel of carbon or some other material such as ceramics which will withstand the necessary heat.
  • the unit may then be painted with colloidal graphite or imbedded in granulated carbon and heated to carburizing temperature. Threads or other depressions in the mandrel may be provided and the filament thus held in position during the simultaneous heating and carburization.
  • my invention includes not only treatment of: spiral filaments in this manner, butthe simultaneous carburization and setting of filaments by insertion in any properly formed. carbon block and subsequent heat treatment or by other treat-.
  • electrodes comprising. forming a spiral of fila-. ment wire, screwing said spiral into a car bonaceoussleeve provided with a spiral groove to receive saidfilament spiral, and heating the assembledfilament and sleeve to a temperature 1 sufiiciently high toset said spiral and thusremove internal stresses which might cause deformationof said filament, and to cause carburization of at least that portion of the filament which is incontact with the sleeve.
  • Th method of'producing carburized' spiral filaments comprising forming a spiral of the desired shape of thoriated filament wire, screwing said spiral 'into a previously prepared carbon sleeve provided with a-spiral groove tofit said filament spiral, and heating the assembled-film merit and sleeve to produce at least apartial- 7.
  • the method according to claim 3, wherein said spiral is formed in the shape of a quadrafilar filament winding.
  • a, method for producing limited superficial carburization of a preselected discrete surface area of said electrode that comprises substantially rigidly supporting the electrode by engagement with interior parts of a tubular member formed of a carbonaceous substance in a manner such that the surface area to be carburized is in contact with the carbonaceous substance, and heating the electrode while so supported at a temperature sufficient to effect carburization of said area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US434269A 1942-03-11 1942-03-11 Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes Expired - Lifetime US2410060A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE461798D BE461798A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1942-03-11
US434269A US2410060A (en) 1942-03-11 1942-03-11 Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes
GB3798/43A GB569048A (en) 1942-03-11 1943-03-09 Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of spiral vacuum tube filaments
FR916563D FR916563A (fr) 1942-03-11 1945-10-27 Procédé pour la fabrication de filaments de tubes à vide et filaments obtenus parce procédé

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US434269A US2410060A (en) 1942-03-11 1942-03-11 Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2410060A true US2410060A (en) 1946-10-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US434269A Expired - Lifetime US2410060A (en) 1942-03-11 1942-03-11 Method of producing vacuum tube electrodes

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2410060A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE461798A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR916563A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB569048A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2454564A (en) * 1947-04-08 1948-11-23 Gen Electric Ionization-type vacuum gauge
US2457651A (en) * 1946-03-18 1948-12-28 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron tube and method of making the same
US2501002A (en) * 1946-10-26 1950-03-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Control grid
US2555310A (en) * 1946-02-21 1951-06-05 William E Beltz Mandrel
US2625666A (en) * 1950-02-27 1953-01-13 Eitel Mccullough Inc Filament for electron tubes
US2753283A (en) * 1951-06-30 1956-07-03 Rca Corp Method of making nickel-carbon alloy sleeves
US2818360A (en) * 1952-03-19 1957-12-31 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Method for the aluminum cladding of ferrous base metal and product thereof
US3411959A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-11-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for producing tantalum carbide and tantalum-alloy carbide filaments
US3650850A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-03-21 Richard Corth Method of making an undistorted coiled-coil tantalum carbide filament
US4035204A (en) * 1974-10-30 1977-07-12 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Method of carburizing the inner surface of a steel valve seat
CN104538267A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-04-22 安徽华东光电技术研究所 一种阴极用灯丝灌注物取出方法

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2555310A (en) * 1946-02-21 1951-06-05 William E Beltz Mandrel
US2457651A (en) * 1946-03-18 1948-12-28 Eitel Mccullough Inc Electron tube and method of making the same
US2501002A (en) * 1946-10-26 1950-03-21 Sylvania Electric Prod Control grid
US2454564A (en) * 1947-04-08 1948-11-23 Gen Electric Ionization-type vacuum gauge
US2625666A (en) * 1950-02-27 1953-01-13 Eitel Mccullough Inc Filament for electron tubes
US2753283A (en) * 1951-06-30 1956-07-03 Rca Corp Method of making nickel-carbon alloy sleeves
US2818360A (en) * 1952-03-19 1957-12-31 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Method for the aluminum cladding of ferrous base metal and product thereof
US3411959A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-11-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for producing tantalum carbide and tantalum-alloy carbide filaments
US3650850A (en) * 1970-04-07 1972-03-21 Richard Corth Method of making an undistorted coiled-coil tantalum carbide filament
US4035204A (en) * 1974-10-30 1977-07-12 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Method of carburizing the inner surface of a steel valve seat
CN104538267A (zh) * 2014-11-18 2015-04-22 安徽华东光电技术研究所 一种阴极用灯丝灌注物取出方法
CN104538267B (zh) * 2014-11-18 2017-08-11 安徽华东光电技术研究所 一种阴极用灯丝灌注物取出方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB569048A (en) 1945-05-02
FR916563A (fr) 1946-12-10
BE461798A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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