US2400131A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

M6314, v1946. G. c. PETER y 2Q400,131

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 20, 1945 Il' l 28 f3 36 40 j: .40 0 l /l 37' ymf Patented May 14, 1946 OIL BURNER Gustave C. Peter, Wanwtosa, Wis. Application January 20, 1943, Serial No. 472,930

(Cl. 12S-93) 4 Claims.

This invention relates generally to oil burners, desirably those o1' the space heater type utilizing a iire pot within a combustion chamber. More particularly. the present improvements are concerned with a device, applicable to such burners, by which to provide an auxiliary air supply for support of the combustion. In the accomplishment of this end I utilize materials and parts which are durable, inexpensive, simple, and adaptable to existing burners of various makes, sizes, etc. When installed and in use, the auxiliary supply of air furnished by the present device will produce a more efilcient combustion of the fuel, will assure a satisfactory operation of the burner even when the stack draft is as low as .01 inch, water gauge, will reduce substantially the stack losses (wet and dry gases), and accomplish all this without accumulation of soot and carbon in any appreciable amount due to more nearly complete combustion of the fuel.v

To attain these and other objects, as will hereinai'ter appear, I employ the device of which a preferred embodiment is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a conventional space heater with certain of the walls broken away to expose. the combustion chamber and an enclosed r'e pot with the present device installed in place therewithin;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the device in its entirety, ltaken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view/ of the damper iltted to the upper end of the device; and

Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4-1 of Fig, 2. Y

As shown best in Fig. 1, a nre pot A of conventional type is disposed within a housing B forming a combustion chamber having a top closure 5. The pot may be equipped with the usual re ring 6 'formed with a large central opening 1. Through ports 8 formed in the walls of the pot air is admitted thereinto to support combustion therewithin. A pipe connection (not shown) leads from the pot to a source of fuel supply either within or outside of a cabinet C enclosing the combustion chamber to aiord an attractive appearance for the space heater in its entirety. It is with an oil burner ofthis general type that the present device forming my improved auxiliary air supply may be used to advantage.

Referring now to Fig. 2, a pair of tubular sections lll and Il are slidingly intertted to provide an extensible tube D. One of these sections. here vshown as the inner one I0, is extended through an opening I2 formed in the closure top I ot the combustion chamber, its upper end being flanged as at i3 to provide a head against which is rested a circular plate I 4 having at its periphery a plurality of lugs I5 which are reversely bent to underlie the head whereby to secure the plate fixedly in place. This plate which is formed with a concentric arcuate slot IB furnishes a seat for a rotatable disk I1 to which it is -connected as by an axial rivet I8. From the rotatable disk is radially extended a lug Il forming an operating linger piece therefor, and in its body is a concentric arcuate-slot adapted to register with the plate slot i6 when in proper rotative position relative thereto. By means such as this I provide a simple, inexpensive and dependable form of damper at the top end ot the tube D, located upon the upper face of the closure tcp l, and providing, in effect, .a head which rests thereupon to afford a sustaining support for the tube which depends through the opening I2 intothe combustion chamber, preferably at a point' which is substantially axially thereof.

'Ihe tube D is Joined at its lower end to the neck 25 of a bell`E. To accomplish this, the interiltting faces of the lower tubular section Il and neck may be tapered slightly to promote a tight nt, and a. threaded set screw 26 be entered through the neck for adjustable bearing against the tube. The bell which flares out widely is formed peripherally with a vertical face 21, and with a plurality of depending bosses 28 (three being shown), each havinga vertical bore 29 which opens out at the top upon a seat 30. A bell of this description is adapted for tting within a base F having a horizontal bottom 25 surrounded by a peripheral flange 36 formed with a vertically extending circular face 31. Through the base bottom, in register with the bores 28, are openings through each ot which is extended a pin 38 having heads at its opposite ends, one engaging the underside of the base and the other the 'bell seat 30. In some such way as this the bell may be joined to the, base, immovably and inseparably, with the two faces 21 and I1 spaced slightly apart evenly and uniformly to provide an upwardly facing circular aperture through which air may be discharged in the form of an annular stream. Feet 4U are shown as depending from the base for resting upon the bottom of the pot whereby the device in its entirety may be supported in an elevated position relative thereto. In practice, the bell and base may each be produced from a ferrous metal, as-by a casting operatiomand little or no finishing is required to adapt them for combination with each other, and for assuring an upwardly facing annular discharge opening therebetween of a desired width which, for best results. may be about of an inch.

To install `in a conventional space heater, an opening is formed, preferably centrally, in the top of the combustion chamber permitting the upper tubular section I to be inserted therethrough for interfltting with the other section Il which upstands from the bell-base when properly positioned upon the pot bottom. The two tubular sections will adjust themselves slidingly as required by the height of the closure top of the combustion chamber. In operation,

the flames rising from the fuel under combus- Y tion will. in time, heat the device, particularly the extensible tube through the region opposite the bracket (shown in Fig. 1) to the point of acquiring a cherry red color. To support such combustion the air supply received through the pot wall ports 8 is augmented very appreciably by that which is admitted through the tube D and therein raised to a high temperature before discharge in an upwardr direction in the form of an annular stream at a` point close to the bottom of the burner pot,`centrally thereof, and to the inside of the names rising therewithin. Inasmuch as conditions vary greatly in different installations, it is desirable to make one individual, and final, adjustment in each case. this being done by setting the damper to admit air in the volume required for best results. For example, the stack draft may be anywhere from .0l inch to .02 inch, and at the damper the draft may be less than .0l inch, water gauge. Under such conditions the secondary or auxiliary supply of air made possible by the present apparatus will produce a more complete combustion of the fuel, without any accompanying danger of soot and carbon accumulation. In cases of higher stack draft the damper adjustment will probably be different than that suggested in Y the 'above example, but in all instances, according to present experience, a greater efficiency and more satisfactory operation is attained by use of my apparatus which assures an ample supply of secondary air delivered in a highly heated condition centrally of the burner at a point close to its bottom and discharged straight upwardly in the form of an annular stream interiorly of the ascending flames whose remaining oxygen supply is delivered externally and in a relatively cool state. My device, therefore, comprises at the lower tube end a diffuser from which preheated air issues upwardly in a volume sufficient to produce substantially complete combustion of the fuel even under conditions of relatively low stack draft.

I claim:

1. In combination with an oil burner of the type in which is comprised a housing forming a combustion chamber with a top closure, and within the chamber a re pot having walls with ports through which is admitted a primary supply of air, means providing an auxiliary air supply to support combustion within the pot comprising .an extensible tube depending from the top closure oi the combustion chamber and open to the atmosphere thereabove, a head incorporporating a damper at the upper tube end in overlying relation to the closure top whereby to support the tube therefrom, and an air diffuser spaced from the pot wall and resting upon the pot bottom and joined to the lower end of the tube, the diffuser including a circular base with side walls and spaced from the side walls of the pot and a bell immovably united to the base hav ing a peripheral face confronting in closely spaced relation the peripheral face of the base walls whereby to denne with said base an upwardly facing annular aperture through which air may be discharged in an annular column centrally and vertically at the base.

2. In combination with an oil burner of the type in which is comprised a housing forming a combustion chamber with a top closure, and within the chamber a fire pot having walls with ports through which is admitted a primary supply of air, means providing an auxiliary air supply to support combustion within the pot comprising a tube depending from the top closure of the combustion chamber and open to thc atmosphere thereabove, a head at the upper tube end in overlying relation to the closure top whereby to support the tube therefrom, and an air diffuser' spaced from the pot wall and resting upon the pot bottom and joined to the lower end of the tube, the diffuser including a base with side walls and a bell immovably united to the base having a peripheral face confronting in closely spaced relation the peripheral face of the base walls and spaced from the side walls of the pot whereby to define with said base an upwardly facing annular aperture through which air may be discharged in an annular column centrally and vertically at the base.

3. In combination with an oil burner of the type in which is comprised a housing forming a combustion chamber with a top closure, and within the chamber a fire pot having walls with ports through which is admitted a primary supply of air, means providing an auxiliary air supply to support combustion within the pot comprising a tube depending fromthe top closure of the combustion chamber and open to the atmosphere thereabove, a head at the upper tube end in overlying relation to the closure top whereby to support the tube therefrom, and an air diffuser spaced from the pot wall and resting upon the pot bottom and joined to the lower end of the tube, the diffuser including a base, feet. depending from the base to rest upon the pot bottom whereby to support the base in an elevated lposition thereupon, walls extending upwardly from the base defining therewith a space open only at the top, a bell surmounting the base having peripheral walls in closely spaced relation to the walls of the base and spaced from the side walls of the pot and providing witfh said base a closure and defining therewith a narrow, continuously extending, upwardly facing, annular aperture through which air may be discharged in an annular column centrally and vertically at the base, and means uniting the bell immovably to the base.

4. In combination with an oil burner of the type in which is comiprised a housing forming a combustion chamber witih a top closure, and within the chamber a fire pot having walls with ports through which is admitted a primary supply of air, means providing an auxiliary air supply to support combustion within the pot com- [pricing a tube depending from the top closure of the combustion chamber and open to the atmosphere thereabove, and an air diffuser spaced from tihe pot wall and resting upon the pot bottom and' Joined t0 the lower end of the tube, the

diffuser including a base with means depending therefrom for engagement with the pot bottom to support the base in elevated position thereupon, a bell sunnountng the base and provided with means depending therefrom for engagement and connection with the base to support the lbell iixedly in elevated position thereupon,

and enacting walls on the base and bell spaced from the side walls of. the' pot and dening between them an upwardly facing annular aperture through which air may be discharged in an an- 5 nular column centrally and vertically at the base.

f GUSTAVE c. PETER.

Images