US2395479A - Sandblast nozzle - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 26, 1946. J, A. HEANY 2,395,479.

SAND BLAST NOZZLE Filed June 29, 1942 32 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 26, 1946 SeNDsilST QZZLE John Allen ,I-leany, Haven, Conn., assignor -fto Heany "Industrial f-Ceramic Corporation,

Rochester, N; la corporation of Newl Yforlefl .il Application June 1942, `Serrat (c1: silin 5 Claims. This invention relates to nozzles and particularly to nozzles employed for 'sand blasts. A

`Among the objects of this invention `is to provide'a sand blast nozzle wherein airl leakage vis practically eliminated. Another-objectis toprovide a nozzle in` which oifsettingor shifting of theV air current, thuscausing improper alignmentand short nozzlel life, is prevented. -Still another-object is to provide means forpreventing fracture or distortion of the-nozzle due-to dropping or Whipping at the on-setof the-air pressure. A l f A f Additional objects pertain to improved means for inserting and removing the nozzlein the hose sheath, for utilizing ceramics in nozzle construction, and for reducing weight to facilitate handling.

Further objects may be apparent on consideration of the following description and the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of the casing-nozzle unit;

Fig. 2 is a section showing the invention as applied to a ceramic nozzle and;

Fig. 3 is a section showing the invention as applied to an all metal nozzle.

Referring to the drawing, Fig. 2 shows one form of my invention in which a ceramic nozzle tube I is employed. This tube in appearance is cylindrical in shape but possesses a slight taper of about ve-eightls of an inch to the foot, from inlet end Il to outlet end I2. A straight bore I3 having an inlet flare I4 is formed axially in the tube.

A shell I5 of general cylindrical formation encloses the tube at the side and a portion of the outlet end I 2 This shell is preferably of metal to provide the requisite holding strength, and is formed on the external side surface with radially displaced areas I6 to provide a suitable contact surface for the elastic sheath I1. This contact surface may take the form of simple depressions and elevations, of annular ridges or of a screw thread as shown in the drawing, the thread being relatively broad and flat and continuous from end to end of the shell.

The shell is preferably tapered toward the outlet end, as for example one-quarter of an inch to the foot, to insure a tight lit in the sheath I1. Also, the outlet end of the shell is partially closed by an integral head I8 having an aXial opening I 9 in alignment with the opening of the shell but of lesser diameter so that an internal shoulder 20 is formed by the head within the shell. Within the shell and against the shoulder 20 the 55 nozzle tube la is inserted, a suitable Vcement 2I holding the tube'inplacer4 lt is pointed` outthat theMshell-head openingA I9 is of -largerdiameter thanl the tube ductl I 3- so as -notto interfere with expansion of the airstream 4when the nozzle-is in.use.

The shell head I8 also is flattened on opposite sides-22 to form a wrench-nut@ bymeans of whichtheshell may be screwed i-nto and out of the enclosing sheath I1.

The sheath I 'I is a covering for the shell made of elastic,- resilient or -yieldable materialcom-l monv in lhose-manufact1.lre,-and may` be-aniso lated element-lor,- as is more-usually-the `case, may form ofaV hose or other conduit for con-- veying air and abrasive to the nozzle.`

The uses of the sheath I'l are several. It provides a protection for the nozzle elements which may be of ceramic material, so that these elements are not offset or broken by dropping or Whipping of the hose end on the application of air pressure. It maintains an effective seal against air losses at the nozzle junction. It prevents displacement of the nozzle alignment with resultant premature destruction of the nozzle elements.

The shell I0 is screwed into the sheath which, being elastic, yields to the broad screw thread and forms a close binding seal thereover. To prevent accidental withdrawal of the shell and provide a positive bond, a hose clamp 24 is applied tothe sheath, this clamp having any of the forms common in this art, as far example curvilinear wires terminating in separable bolted end plates. 'I'he action of the clamp is to force sections of the elastic sheath material into the screw groove and insures an effective air seal and bond between shell and sheath.

Fig. 3 discloses a modification of the invention wherein only three nozzle elements are used, the tube 30, the sheath 3| and clamp 32. In this inventive form the tube is of metal or other hard substance, being elongated, as shown, and provided with an axial duct 33 having an out- Wardly flared inlet 34. Also, the outlet end 35 is formed as a nut as in Figs. l and 2. The sheath 3I follows the pattern of sheath I1, and clamp 32 is similar to clamp 24 of Fig. 2.

In using either form of the nozzle disclosed the air current impacts against the :flared inlet, the flare tending to center the nozzle tube. Since no washers are used and since the relatively long sheath surface and the clamp provide a perfect seal, there is no leakage on one side or section with a consequent side shifting of the air blast current *and irregular errosion and shorter life of the nozzle. relative to hose is constantly maintained the emitting air current is centrally positioned, making use of the air blast by the operator more eicient.

When the nozzle element is Worn out, the head 22 is turnedby a wrench to remove the shell and tube andV new elements are inserted.

It is apparent that the nozzle tube construction may be varied in form and hence limitations should not be imposed on the nozzle structure other than are required by the scope of the claims hereto appended.

I claim as my invention: Y

1. A sand blast nozzle comprising a nozzle tube Since the true alignment of nozzle having a central duct terminating in a flared inlet l orice, a casing enclosing the side and a portion of one end of the tube, and a protective sheath covering substantially the entire side area of said casing, said sheath forming a uniform, continuy ous extension of the nozzle supply conduit.

' 2.. A sand blast nozzle comprising a Vnozzle tube having a central duct terminating in a flared inlet orifice, a casing enclosing the sider and a portion of .one end of the tube, an elastic sheath covering substantially the entire side area of said casing, and means for binding the sheath to the casing, said sheath forming a part of the nozzle supply conduit.

3. A sand blast nozzle unit comprising an elongated nozzle tube having inlet and outlet ends and having an axial duct terminating at the inlet end in a conical flare, a casing enclosing the side and a portion of the outlet end of said nozzle tube whereby a retaining shoulder is formed by the casing at the outlet end, means for holding the the casing at the outlet end, means for holding the nozzle tube Within the casing, and an elastic sheath enclosing the side of the casing, the outer K' Wall of said casing and the outer Wall of said tube tapering toward the outlet end of the tube and said casing having a surface with plural indentations, said sheath forming a part of the nozzle conduit.

5. A sand blast nozzle comprising an externally ridged metal casing, an outlet element integral with said casing, said element having a central" opening of a diameter less than the internal diarneter of said casing whereby a shoulder is formed at the casing outlet end, a nozzle tube secured within said casing, the outlet end thereof engaging the casing shoulder, said tube having an i axial duct of lesser diameter than that of the outlet element, an elastic sheath coveringrsubstantially all of said shell, and means for binding the sheath to the shell, said sheath forming a part of the nozzle conduit. Y

JOI-IN ALLEN HEANY.

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