US2392052A

US2392052A - Motor

Info

Publication number: US2392052A
Application number: US540725A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr Rudolph A Matheisel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-06-16
Filing date: 1944-06-16
Publication date: 1946-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 1963-01-01

Description

Jan. l, 1946. R. A. MATHalsEL, JR 2,392,052

` MOTOR Filed June 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 @5gg n @Q5 Jan. 1, 1946. R. A. MATHElsEl., JR 2,392,052

' MOTOR Filed June 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. l, 1946. R. A. MATHISEL, JR

MOTOR 5 Sheets-Sheet Filled June 16. 1944 2 .7 a 74@ a z f,

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Jam l 1946. Y R. A. MATHEISEL JR 2,392,052

MOTOR l Filed June 1e, 1944 5 sheets-sheet 4 @wry/f Jim l 1945 R. A. MATHEISEL. JR 2,3%052 MOTOR Filed June 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 @CGW Patented Jan. l, 1946 UNTTED STATES f-PATENT OFFICE Rudolph A. Tilton, N. H. Application June 16. 540,725

` rz claims.

This invention relates to reciprocal mechanisms suitable for engines, pumps, compressors and the like.

One important object of the invention is to provide a highly compact and powerful mecha-- 'wherein there will be arranged on the same axis of reciprocation means for the production o! six impulse chambers.

The fourth important object of the invention is to provide a reciprocating internal combustion scribed wherein the valve means includes check valves in the pistons and the ends of the reciprocating cylinder whereby a compounding pressure eiect is produced.

With the above and other objects in view the invention consists in general of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and particularly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views and:

Figure l'is a vertical diametric sectional view of a gasoline engine constructed in accordance engine having six axially aligned chambers four i of which reciprocate between the remaining two.

The fth important object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine having an outer cylinder, a combined inner cylinder and piston reciprocating in the outer cylinder and piston means reciprocating within the sec-4 ond cylinder.

The sixth important object of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine of the above construction and having means for translating the reciprocations of the reciprocal members to a common crank shaft.

A seventh important object of the invention is to provide an' internal combustion engine of the foregoing description and having means for the admission of an explosive mixture tothe several chambers, means for expanding said chambers, and means for ilring the explosive mixture in each of the chambers. i

An eighth important object of the invention is to' provide a two-cycle gasoline'englne having the above construction. A ninth important object ofthe invention is .to provide'a two-cycle Diesel engine of the above character.'

i tenth important object of the invention is itciprovide a means for pumpingv or compressing 'iiuidsffhaving a main pump cylinder, a combined innerlcylinder and piston reciprocating in the lmainfpump cylinder, a plurality of pistons reciprocating in: the inner cylinder, valves'controlling the admission and exhaust of fluid to the chambers formed by said cylinders and pistons,

and means to actuate the reciprocating cylinder and the reciprocating pistons. g

yeleventh important object of the invention is to provide a pump oi the character just vcle-- vso with this invention, the section being taken through the inlet and outlet ports.

Figure' 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is aI section similar to Figure 1 but with the reciprocating parts of the engine at the opposite end of the piston stroke.

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3. T

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 isa section similar to Figure 1 but showing the arrangement for a Diesel engine.

Figure 7 is a section on the line 1-1 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Figure 7'.

Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view showing the means controlling the inlet valves of the Diesel engine.

Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 1 but showing the parts arranged to act as a single acting pump.

Figure l1 is an enlarged fragmentary section showing the arrangement of one of the inlet valves.

Figure 17 is a plan view of the parts shown in Figure 16. I

Figure 18 is a fragmentary-section to enlarged scale and showing a poppet valve arrangement for uses in connection with the mechanism shown in Figure 15.

Figure 19 is a plan view of the valve arrangement shown in Figure 18.

In each of the forms of the invention herein set forth there is provided an outer cylinder 20 having an inner wall 2| and an outer wall 22 spaced therefrom to provide' a coolant-receiving space 23 into which coolant may be conducted through a pipe 24 and from which the coolant may be withdrawn through a, pipe 25 for recooling. 'Ihe upper end of the outer cylinder 20 is closed by cap or head 26 having a coolant space 21 communicating with the coolant space 23 by ports 28. The lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with a closure 29 and at its lower end the outer cylinder has flanges 30. A housing 3| is provided with flanges 32 which are secured to the flanges by bolts 33. This housing is closed at its upper end by a closure 34 and depending from the closure 34 are bearing hangers 35 at the lower ends of which are bearings 36 wherein are journalled the end portions 31 of a crank-shaft having a central crank journal 38 and a pair of lateral crank journals 39, the

journais

36 and 39 being diametrically opposed with respect to the axis of the members 31.

Mounted within the cylinder 20 is a cylinder 40 closed at each end by ahead 4| and provided centrally with a partition 42. The two heads 4| and partition 42 thus provide two chambers and in each of these chambers is a piston 43. A rod 44 extends through the partition 42 and connects the pistons 43. This rod 44 further extends downwardly through the closure 29 and carries ai; its lower end a cross head 45 operating in a guide 46. A connecting rod 41 connects the cross head 46 to the crank journal 38. At diametrically op-A posite portions of the outer cylinder 20, this cylinder is cut away as` at 48 and the spaces thus provided are closed by removable covers 49. Furthermore, the inner wall 2| of the cylinder 20 is likewise slotted as at 50 opposite each of the spaces 48. Stub shafts -5I are screwed through the wall of the cylinder 40 and into the partition 42. These stub shafts extend outwardly through the slots 50 and into the spaces 46. On the outer .ends of these stub shafts are mounted rods 52 which pass'down through the closure 34 and carry at their lower ends cross heads 53 operating in guides 54. Connecting rods 55 connect the cross heads 53 with the crank journals 39.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 9 the outer cylinder 20 is provided with ai series of inlet ports 56 opposite to which are a series of outlet ports 51. Each of these ports passes through a boss 56 connecting the walls 2i and 22 so that the ports do not in any way communicate with the coolant space 23. The ports 56 receive an explosive mixture such as that of gasoline and air from a suitable source in the usual manner, the source being connected to a manifold 59 through a connection 60. An exhaust manifold 6| has the ports 51 connected thereto and exhausts through a pipe 62. The cylinder 40 has on each side of the partition 42 an inlet port 6 3-and an outlet port 64. Furthern"more, thereispro'vided between the walls 2| and 22 certain other bosses 65 and in the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 5 there is screwed into each of the bosses a spark plug 66. As before noted, the inner cylinder has a chamber connected 3 and 3 as shown in Figure 9. The

inner cylinder in this case is provided with port 10 corresponding in position to the ports 61 but forming inlet ports for the chambers on the opposite sides of the partition 42.

Now by observing the arrangement shown especlally in Figures l and 3 it will be seen that 1n one extreme position of the piston and the crank shaft, that is when the journal 38 is in'its highest position and the Journals 39 are in their lowes: positions, the cylinder 40 will be at the lower end of cylinder 20, while pistons 43 will be at the upper ends of the chambers in the cylinder 40 It may be supposed that there has now been effected a compression of explosive mixture in the spaces a, b and c. At this time a charge of ex plosive mixture has entered the space d through the upper port 56, the space e through the port 56 wherewith the upper port 63 registers and the space f through the port 56 wherewith the lower port 63 registers. By suitable timer means, not shown, at this instant the spark plugs l, 3 and 5 counting from the bottom are energized and thereby the explosive mixtures which have been compressed act to force the inner cylinder upward to the position shown in Figure 3 and the pistons 43 downward as also shown in that figure. The

explosive mixture previously introduced to the chambers d, e, and f will then be compressed and as the lower port 56 is uncovered and the ports 63 register with the ports as shown in Figure 3, pulling the upward movement of the inner cylinder, the exploded charge will be swept out through the exhaust ports by a fresh charge entering from the intake manifold.

In the form shown in Figures 6 to 9 only air will be introduced through the intake manifold 59 and the compression will be so arranged in proportion to cylinder volume that a jet of fuel oil will be discharged into the respective cylinder spaces when the air therein has been compressed` to a sufficient degree to generate heat for firing introduced fuel.

In the form of invention shown in Figures l0 to 14 the walls 2| and 22 are connected at diametrically opposite points by bosses 1| through which pass inlet ports 12 and outlet ports 13. The ports 12 are controlled by inwardly opening check valves 14 while the ports 13 are controlled by outwardly opening check valves 15. The ports 12 are provided with fluid from a manifold 16 while the ports 13 open into a manifold 11. In place of a single port in the inner cylinder such as is shown at 61 there is preferably provided a series of ports 16 communicating successively with certain of the ports 12 and a series of ports 19 communicating successively with the ports 13. In place of the series of ports a single elongated port may be used and this will be found valuable especially when liquids are to be pumped. The crankshaft 31v in this case has mounted thereon a belt pulley or other similar device as shown at 30 and this is driven by a belt 8| from any suitable source of power. Figures 11 to 14 are introduced in order to show typical forms of check valves suitable 'for use in this invention and it is not deemed necessary to ent'er into a detailed description of these devices as other check valves may readily be used.

Now while the parts shown in Figures l1 to 14 i have been described as for a pump. the rotation of the crankshaft effecting. reciprocation and thus drawing in fluid through the ports 18. yet the device may be used as a motive power since uid under pressure may be provided through the manifold 16 and discharged through the manifold 11. Thus the construction in these figures may, by proper designation `of the port areas, be used for either the pumping of liquids, the compression of gaseous substances or as a motor.

In'the form shown in Figures 15 to 19 the construction is similar to that shown in Figure but in this case there is provided but one inlet port 82 at each end of the cylinder 28 and two outlet ports 88 which lead to a manifold 84. Furthermore, the cylinder 88 in this form has a. head at each end indicated at 88 and each o! these heads has one or more checkl valves such as is shown by dotted lines at 88 controlling the passage of iluid through the respective head. The pistons 48 are replaced by pistons 81 similarly provided with check valves 88. The cylinder lll` has but two outlet ports and these ports 89 are located on opposite sides of the partition 42 and close thereto. The check valves in the lower piston and lower cylinder head open upwardly and these may be either a ball valve 88 wherein the weight of the ball effects seating, and wherein the ball is held by a retaining device 8| or the valve may be in the form of an upwardly opening poppet valve having a valve member proper 92 held on its seat by a spring 93 and guided through a spider` 8l. The valves inthe upper cylinder head and upper piston open downwardly. The pistons and inner cylinder are reciprocated as in the form shown in Figure 10 by a belt pulley 88 and belt Il, or any other suitable means for rotating the crank shaft 81. in the form shown in Figure there will lhave been drawn into the upper chamber a charge to be compressed. As the crank shaft rotates the cylinder 48 rises, the inner check valve 14 at the upper end closes while the lower'valve 14 opens. The charge in the upper chamber of the cylinder 28 passes down through the check valve 88 into the space above the upper piston 81 which is now moving downwardly and compressing the fluid below it. This movement continues until the upper port 88 is in registry with the upper port 88 Now if we assume the parts to be and the partition 42 will escape through the lower check valve 88 into the manifold 88.

It will be obvious that many variations of these arrangements may be made without departing from the idea of the outer and the inner cylinders and the pistons and no attempt will be made to here show all possible varieties. It may be mentioned, however, that as one such variety the lower end of the 4cylinder I8 may be left open and the lower piston dispensed with so that there will be but three active chambers in the device. Another such form could be readily understood as employing intercoolers in the form shown in the Figure 15 between the several chambers in place of the check valves 88 and88.

What is claimed, is:

1. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder closed at both ends forming a double acting piston for the outer cylinder, a piston reciprocating within the inner cylinder, a crank shaft, an operative connection between the sides of the inner cylinder and crank shaft outwardly of the outer cylinder, and a second operative connection between the piston in the inner cylinder and crank shaft.

2. In a device of the kind described. an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder closed at both ends forming a double acting piston for the outer cylinder, a piston reciprocating within the inner cylinder, a crank shaft, an operative connection between the sides of the' inner cylinder and crank shaft outwardly of the outer cylinder, and a second operative connection between the piston in the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said cylinders having port means for the supply and exhaust of fluid thereto, the port means oi' the inner cylinder registering by movement of said inner cylinder with certain of the port means of the outer cylinder.

3. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder closed at each end andl fitting reciprocably in the outer cylinder forming a double actingpiston for the outer cylinder, a partition extending" transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in fixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, and other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinderand it into a ,pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft. means connecting the pistons in fixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, and other means located laterally ofthe two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said outer cylinder having inlet and outlet ports'extending through its sides and the inner cylinder having ports leading from the working chambers and registering with ports of the outer cylinder in certain positions of reciprocation ofthe inner cylinder.

5'. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed Aat each end,. an inner cylinder closed at each end and iitting reciprocably in the outer cylinder forming a doublel acting piston for the outer cylinder, a partition., extending transversely of the inner cylinder land dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in fixed vspaced. relation and operatively to the crank shaft, and other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said inner cylinder being shorterthan the interior length of the outer cylinderp v and providing working chambers between the ends of the outer and inner cylinders. Y

6. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed ateach-end, an 'inner cylinder 4 l I escapes l ing transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a. piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in iixed spaced rrelation and operatively to the crank shaft, and other means located laterally of the two'cylinders for opera-tively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said inner cylinder being shorter than the interior lengthv of the outer cylinder `and providing working chambers between the` ends of the outer and inner cylinders, said outer cylinder having inlet and outlet ports extendingl through its sides and the inner cylinder having ports leading from the working chambers and registering with ports of the'outer cylinder in ton for the outer cylinder, a partitionextending transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it into a pair of working chambers.' a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft,

means connecting the pistons in fixed spaced relation and operatively to the crankshaft, other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said inner cylinder being shorter than the interior length of the outer cylinder and providing working chambers between the ends of the outer and inner cylinders, said outer certain positions of reciprocation of'the inner cylinder.

7. 'In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder closed at each end and tting reciprocably inthe outer cylinder forming a double acting piston for the outer cylinder, a partition extending transversely of the inner cylinder` and dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in iixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, and. other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner` cylinder and crank shaft, said. inner cylinder being shorter than the interior length of the outer cylinder and providing working chambers between the ends of the outer and inner cylinders, said outer cylinder having outlet and inlet ports in' its side walls adjacent its ends and alternately closed by the reciprocation of the inner cylinder and having intermediate outlet and inlet ports disposed between said ports, the inner cylinder having ports in itsl side wall registering with ports of outer cylinder upon reciprocation of the inner cylinder. Y

8. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each en'd, an inner cylinder closed at each end and fitting reciprocably in lthe outer cylinder forming a double acting piston for `the outer cylinder, apartition extending transversely of the inner cylinder andv dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each-of said working chambers, a crank shaft.

means connecting the pistons in iixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, other ymeans located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said inner cylinder being shorter than the interior length of the outer cylinder and providing working chambers between the ends of the outer and inner cylinder, said ou-ter cylinder having outlet and inlet ports in its side 'walls adjacent its ends and alternately closed by the reciprocation of the inner cylinder and having intermediate outlet and inlet ports disposed bet'ween said ports, the inner cylinder having ports in its side wall registering withV ports of outer cylinder upon reciprocation of the inner cylinder, and means to produce an explosion mixture and produce an explosion in alternate working chambers at each terminal position' of reciprocation of the inner cylinder.

9. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder closed at each end and iitting reciprocably in theouter cylinder forming a double acting piscylinder having outlet and inlet ports in its side walls adjacent its ends and alternately closed by the reciprocation' of the inner cylinder and having intermediate outlet and inlet ports disposed between said ports, the inner cylinder having ports in its side wall registering with ports of outer cylinder upon reciprocation of the inner cylinder, means to supply said inlet ports with a mixture of air and gasoline vapor, and sparkplugs in the wall of the outer cylinder acting to fire the mixtures in the working chambers upon compression.

10. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder closed at each end and fitting reciprocably in the outer cylinder forming a double acting pistonfor the outer cylinder, a partition vextending transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the piston: invilxed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said inner cylinder being shorter than the interior length of the outer cylinder and providing working chambers between the ends of the outer and inn'er cylinders, said outer cylinder having outlet and inlet ports in its side walls adjacent its ends and alternately closed by the reciprocation of the inner cylinder and having intermediate outlet and inlet ports disposed between said ports, the inner cylinder having ports in its side wall registering with ports of theouter cylinder upon reciprocation of the inner cylinder, means to supply air to said inlet ports, and fuel oil nozzles arranged to inject fuel oil into the working chambers upon compression of the air therein.

11. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, aninner cylinder closed'at each end and fitting reciprocably in the outer cylinder forminga double acting pi:- ton for the outer cylinder, a partition extending transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it into a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said working chambers, a. crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in fixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, other means located laterally of the two cylinders for operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said outer cylinder having inlet and outlet ports extending through its sides and the inner cylinder having ports leading from the working chambers and registering with ports of the outer cylinder in certain positions of reciprocation of the inner cylinder, inwardly opening .check valves in the inlet ports of the outer cylclosed at each end and iltting reciprocably in the outer cylinder, a partition extending transversely of the inner cylinder and dividing it intov a pair of working chambers, a piston in each of said. working chambers, a crank shaft, means connecting the pistons in fixed spaced relation and operatively to the crank shaft, other means operatively connecting the inner cylinder and crank shaft, said outer cylinder having inlet and outlet ports extending through its sides and the inner cylinder having ports leading from the Working chambers and registering with ports of the outer cylinder in certain positions of reciproinner cylinder and said structure and locatedy at theeuter sides oi the cuter cylinder and a second operating connection between the piston in the inner cylinder and said structure.

it. In a device ci the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at both ends, an inner cylinder closed at both ends forming a double acting piston for the outer cylinder, a piston reciprocating within the inner cylinder, a crank shaft, an operative connection between the outer sides of the inner cylinder intermediate its ends and the crank shaft, and a second operative connection between the piston in the inner cylinder and the crank shaft.

l5. in a device of the' kind described, an outer cylinder closed at both ends. an inner cylinder closed at both ends forming a double acting pistom for the outer cylinder, a piston reciprocating w thin the inner cyiinder, c. crank shaft, an or erative connection between the outer sides of the inner cylinder intermediate its ends and the cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder' operative means connecting the piston within the inner cylinder and the crank shaft, said outer cylinder having inletan'd outlet ports extending through its sides and the inner cylinder having ports leading from the working chambers and registering with ports of the outer cylinder in certain positions of reoiprocation of the inner cylinder, inwardly opening check valves in the inlet ports of the outer cylinder and outwardly opening check valves in the outlet ports of the outer cylinder.

1'?. In a device of the kind described, an outer cylinder closed at each end, an inner cylinder closed at each end and tting reciprocably in the outer cylinder, a piston in said inner cylinder, a crank shaft, operative means connecting the inner cylinder and the crank shaft, other operative means connecting the piston within the inner cylinder and the crank shaft, said annoncen Marmrser., Jr.