US2388069A - Electroperforation of sheet material - Google Patents

Electroperforation of sheet material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2388069A
US2388069A US452142A US45214242A US2388069A US 2388069 A US2388069 A US 2388069A US 452142 A US452142 A US 452142A US 45214242 A US45214242 A US 45214242A US 2388069 A US2388069 A US 2388069A
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United States
Prior art keywords
perforations
sheet
pin
electrodes
sheet material
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Expired - Lifetime
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US452142A
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English (en)
Inventor
John W Meaker
Jr Edward H Yonkers
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MEAKER
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MEAKER
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Publication date
Priority to BE481836D priority Critical patent/BE481836A/xx
Application filed by MEAKER filed Critical MEAKER
Priority to US452142A priority patent/US2388069A/en
Priority to GB15638/45A priority patent/GB593891A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2388069A publication Critical patent/US2388069A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/26—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet
    • B26F1/28—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet by electrical discharges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/70—Processes for forming screens or perforating articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/496—Multiperforated metal article making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0333—Scoring
    • Y10T83/0385—Rotary scoring blade
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/465—Cutting motion of tool has component in direction of moving work
    • Y10T83/4728—Tool flies by engagement with the work

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the perforation of sheet material, having dielectric properties, by means of electric arcs.
  • the principles of the inventlon may be utilized in connection with the electro-perforation of paper, leather, leatherette, patent leather, rubberized fabrics, pure gum rubber sheeting, or of any other dielectric sheet material.
  • the material may be treated, in accordance with the present invention, as separate sheets or as a continuous web or strip.
  • the material may be in the form of single sheets, strips or Webs or in the form of a multiplicity of superposed sheets, strips, webs or plies, to be pierced simultaneously.
  • Any suitable apparatus may be used, in carrying out the present invention, for producing the electro-perforation of the sheet material.
  • a particularly suitable apparatus for the purpose is disclosed in United States Patent of John W. Meaker, No. 2,372,508, issued March 27, 1945; by means of which apparatus a large number of closely spaced perforations may be made through the sheet material per unit area thereof (provided the latter is not too highly resistant to the potential arcs) with a considerable degree of uniformity of distribution, and with the sheet material moving at relatively high speed; high speed through the perforating machine being in some cases important on the grounds of economical operation, or, specifically to synchronize the periorating operation with the movement of the sheet material through other apparatus, such, for example, as bag making apparatus, in the production of perforated paper bags.
  • the perforations for a given area may be fewer in number, less uniform in size, and less uniformly spaced than is desired.
  • the present invention overcomes all of these diiliculties by subjecting the sheet material to a treatment, while or before being subjected to the electro -perforating operation, whereby the resistance to the electric discharges is reduced at certain denite points on the sheet material so that electro-perforation will take place at these points.
  • this is accomplished by forming the material with pin pricks, surface breaks or ruptures (which will be referred to as point incisions" and which may or may not be complete perforations), at definite places at which it is intended to have the electric arcs pass through and pierce the material.
  • This procedure has several advantages: first, it reduces the dielectric strength of the material treated at the intended points of perforation, making it possible to satisfactorily electro-perforate material which has previously been found impossible, impractical or at least dilicult to perforate electrically; and, second, it tends, in all materials, to prevent re-arcing through perforations already made and thereby makes it possible: (l) to increase the number of periorations made per unit area; (2) to give the perforations uniform spacing or approximately any desired arrangement or pattern; (3) to increase the speed at which the material can be put through the perforating machine to eect the desired close spacing; and (d) to give the perforations more nearly uniform sise.
  • point incisions is used to include holes, pin pricks, or other surface breaks or ruptures Whether extending completely through the material cr nut.
  • the incisions may, in case of some materials, be merely momentaryfclosing or partially closing as soon as made.
  • the operation may involve, as in pin pricking in the case of some fabrics, only the pushing apart of the materials at given points. But, any physical disturbance of or change in the character of the material at deflhite points, such, for example by ihclentatlons, without actual rupture, of such character that the dielectric strength of the material is reduced at such points, is within principle of operation of the present invention.
  • the operation may take place either before electro-perforation or simultaneously therewith.
  • the former method is specifically described herein and is preferred.
  • the reduction of dielectric strength at definite points is accomplished by mechanical means, as for example, by pins or other puncturing devices, which for convenience may be fixed to a rotating drum or to rotating discs, and with ".which the sheet material comes into contact before it passes intov the perforating machine. However, it might be effected otherwise, for example by spotting the material with a solvent or other chemical agent.
  • the preferred -mechanical operation may be described as a pin-pricklng operation since the point incisions are intended to be, ordinarily, quite minute. Theoretically, and for the best results, the arrangement of the spark gaps of the electro-perforating machine and the frequencies of the electrical impulses produced at said gaps, relative to the speed of movement of the. sheet material through the apparatus, should be in conformity with the distribution of point incisions made in the sheet material, so
  • the perforations may be distributed over the entire area of the sheet at substantially equal distances from each other, both in the direction of movement of the sheet and transversely thereof.
  • the point incisions not only reduce the dielectric strength which the potential has to overcome, making possible the electro-perforation of fabrics which have been found dimcult. if not impossible, to perforate electrically, but also determine, in the case of all fabrics, at least approximately, the pattern distribution of the perforations when formed.4
  • the pin pricking operation may be performed so as to perforate one or more of the' plies; and this may be necessaryk or desirable when, in the manufacture, for example, of heavy duty multi-wall paper bags, the plies are so numerous or the paper so heavy as to make their perforation by electrical discharges impossible or dimcult except with excessive, per1 haps. dangerously high, voltages.
  • the pin pricks extend completely through the sheet material, the mechanically made perforations thus produced will be changed to electric arc made perforations, by action of the electric arc, and their chara'cter radically changed.
  • Punched, r pin pricked perforations particularly if minute, involve, necessarily, burrs or frayed :edges around the openings.
  • the mechanically made perforations therein tend to close, wholly or partially, so that the ventilating function of such perforations is impaired or made uncertain.
  • Moisture may also, depending upon the characterof the sheet material, tend to-close or partially close mechanically made perforations.
  • Electric arc formed perforations are burrless.
  • the holes are made by the burning away of minute portions of the material.
  • the edges of the material around 4the holes are, in some cases, seared, fused or plasticized, and in all ca'ses are more or less clearly dei'lned in distinction to the frayed edges or burrs characteristic of mechanically made perforations. Therefore, electric arc made perforations are permanent under all conditions and their Ventilating-.function unimpaired by pressure, moisture or other conditions.
  • the electric arc formed perforations may be very minute, microscopic or even sub-microscopic or they may be large enough to be visible to the naked eye. 'I'his will depend upon the intensity and duration of the current flow through the perforation after the high tension discharge takes place. Also with high frequency impulses the perforations may be increased in diameter by repeated discharges through the same perforations'.
  • the perforations' may in some cases extend only through the coating,l and not through, or entirely through, the fabric backing, at least as clearly defined perforations; and this. in fact will be all that is necessary for Ventilating purposes, provided the backing has a sufciently loose weave. 'Ihe tendency however is always for the electric dscharge to burn more or less clearly defined holes through the entire thickness of the fabric.
  • Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic plan view of an apparatus suitable for ⁇ carrying out the present invention.
  • Fig.2 is a cross sectional view in a plane passing through the set of transversely-arranged spark gaps adjacent to the pin pricking apparatus.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view which may be considered as defined by a line on Fig. 1 passing through the left-hand pin pricking disc and left-hand spark gap of the rst group of 'spark gaps, and then jogged twice so as to pass.
  • Fig. 4 is a section, of very much exaggerated thickness, through a material diilicult to perforate by ordinary methods but readily perforated in accordance with the present invention--a material such, for example, a-s leatherette, patent leather or rubberized fabric.
  • Fig. 5 is a similar View of the material after being initially pin pricked.
  • Fig. 6 is a similar view of the material after electrical perforation.
  • the sheet of material treated is indicated by letter A. It may consist of a fabric backing lb and a dense, highly dielectric, surfacing compound il (Figs. 4, 5 and 6).
  • Leatherette is a fabric of this sort; and the density and composition of the coating or surfacing material makes such fabric very diilicult to perforate electrically by methods heretofore known.
  • Other fabrics diiicult to perforate by the electric ⁇ arc method because of their high dielectric pear to close up as soon as the pins are with drawn. Nevertheless, the dielectric strength has been reduced by the pin pricking operation so as to provide paths of reduced resistance for the electric arcs.
  • the pin Drinking device, and C the elec- 5 tro-perforating mechanism.
  • The' sheet of material A may be moved, continuously, and guided through the pin pricking apparatus B, and then through the spark gaps of the electro-perforating machine by feed rollers I2, I2 and guide rollers I3, I3.
  • the pin pricking apparatus B consists of a supporting roller I4 which may, if desired, be spring mounted, and of a plurality of discs I5,
  • the discs may be either xed to or rotatable on shaft B which latter may, if the discs are fixed thereto, be revolved either by driving means or by contact with the moving sheet material.
  • the pins in the arrangement shown, do not perforate the sheet of material, although they might do so, but merely make surface incisions, breaks or indentations therein which are indicated at a' Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5.
  • the shaft may be mounted so as to be vertically adjustable for fabrics of different thicknesses.
  • 'Ihe electro-perforating apparatus C comprises, as shown in the drawings, three sets of electrodes, each set consisting of three pairs of opposed electrodes in series with each other and with the secondary coils of three transformers, respectively.
  • the number of electrodes in each set may, of course, be increased or decreased; and also the number of sets of electrodes.
  • the pairs of electrodes of one set are preferably staggered with respect to the pairs of electrodes of the other sets.
  • the pairs of electrodes are approximately in line with the pin pricking discs
  • the pairs of electrodes of the first set of electrodes are designated I8, I8', I9, I9' and 20, 20. They are shown as supported by bars of insulating material 2
  • the electrodes I8, I3 are aligned with the disc I5; the electrodes I9, I9' with the disc
  • the electrodes 21, 28 and 29, and, of course, the complementary electrodes beneath the material treated are in line with the discs
  • and 32, and their complementary electrodes, forming the third set of electrodes 33, are in line with the discs
  • Transformers E and F are connected to the supply leads 25 so that the transformers D, E and F are in parallel.
  • 58 are brought into or near the gaps between the electrodes in such time relation with the electrical impulses in the electrode circuits that the discharges arc through the material at the pin pricks a so that said pin pricks are, by action of the impulses, formed into electric arc made perforations b.
  • the Iperforating apparatus may employ direct currents, interrupted at the proper intervals by suitable make and break devices.
  • the apparatus may be supplied from an alternating current source, such as a generator, controlled so that discharges will take place between opposed electrodes while the point incisions are between or near to said electrodes.
  • the frequencies in the case of alternating currents may be higher than required by the point incision pattern. That is, several alternations of current may take place through the same perforation while the sheet of material is in motion.
  • the current may be interrupted by the continued movement of the sheet and consequently several alternations of potential may take place without any discharges through the material. In such cases discharges may occur at points of low dielectric strength other than at the incision points. This may be regarded as accidental.
  • the apparatus is designed so as to provide a distribution of perforations over the entire area of the sheet of material treated, with the ⁇ perforations substantially equi-distant from each other and close together, and it is one of the objects of the invention to make practical such distribution of perforations through material diicult to perforate electrically in such manner, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • various patterns of perforations may be produced. For the purpose of simplified showing, only three sets of electrodes are illustrated. The number may be increased to ve or six or more, while maintaining the staggered relation between all sets, with the result that the perforations will be closer together, transversely of the sheet, than is indicated in Fig. 1.
  • the perforation pattern indicated in Fig. l might, as stated, be modied by additional perforations irregularly distributed with reference to the intended pattern. In most instances this would be a matter of no importance and might be an advantage because resulting in the production of a larger number of perforations per unit area than would otherwise be the case.
  • the expedient of pin pricking the material at denite points would insure, in any event, a desired minimum number of perforations per unit area. In many cases this is the most important desideratum.
  • each unit area be assured of being perforated with a minimum number of perforations, a few more perforations would ordinarily involve no disadvantage.
  • a definite pattern may be produced if desired, or a minimum of perforations perunit area may be assured with the possibility of additional, irregularly distributed perforations, in accordance with the character of the material treated and the manner in which the apparatus is designed and controlled.
  • the arcs, r some of them are directed through the material treated at definite points at which the dielectric strength of the material has been reduced by the pin pricking operation.
  • This mode of operation makes possible, first, the electro-perforation of materials, such as leatherette for example (or other difilcultly perforable materials mentioned above), the dielectric strength of which is such as to make electro-perforation, by methods heretofore used, impossible or impractical, at least when a large number of perforations closely spaced together is the requirement; second, it makes possible the certainty that, for any type of fabric, a minimum number of perforations will be made per unit area; and third, it makes possible a distribution of the perforations in a predetermined pattern if such be desired.
  • arc an ionized path of a, relatively low electrical resistance extending continuously between electrodes, in distinction to a brush or corona discharge or similar phenomenon.
  • Such ionized path permits the passage of the relatively high currents which are necessary for producing perforations of the desired diameter and performance.
  • the perforations With applicants present invention it is possible to make as many as sixty-four or more perforations per square inch in material of this sort. If leatherette is formed with say from sixteen to sixty-four perforations per square inch, the perforations Will have an appreciable Ventilating function.
  • the size of the perforations on the average, may vary from two to four thousandths of an inch in diameter. These gures are. of course, purely illustrative.
  • the perforations may be minute enough so that water will not pass therethrough except under considerable pressure. When desired, they may be so small as to be practically invisible to casual observations at least.
  • the perforations may be large enough or numerous enough to have an effective Ventilating function without appreciably affecting the strength of the sheet material.
  • Apparatus for electro-perforation of dielectric sheet material which comprises in combination: rotatable pin-pricking devices; a plurality of pairs of electrodes providing spark gaps; means for moving said sheet material in contact with said pin-pricking devices, to form point incisions therein, and thereafter for moving the material through said spark gaps; and means for causing high potential electric currents to discharge across said spark gaps and through said material at said point incisions.
  • Apparatus for electro-perforation of dielectric sheet material which comprises in combination: rotatable pin-pricking devices; a plurality of pairs of electrodes providing spark gaps substantially in line with said pin-pricking devices, respectively; means for moving said sheet material in contact with said pin-pricking devices, to form point incisions therein, and thereafter for moving said material through said spark gaps; and means for causing high potential electric currents to discharge across said spark gaps and through said material at said points of incision.
  • Apparatus for electro-perforation of dielectric sheet material which comprises in combination: a plurality of series of sets circularly arranged, rotating pin-pricking devices; a plurality of pairs of electrodes forming spark gaps which are in substantial alignment with said series of pin-pricking devices, respectively; means for moving said sheet material in contact with said pin-pricking devices, to form point incisions therein, and then through said spark gaps; and means for causing electrical discharges to arc across said spark gaps and through the material at said points of incision.
  • Art of obtaining closely spaced perforations in sheet material having high dielectric strength which comprises reducing the dielectric strength of the material at a plurality of predetermined points by penetrating the sheet from one surface a distance less than the thickness of the sheet whereby the dielectric strength of the sheet is weakened and the tendency, as the sheet is subsequently moved through arcs, for the discharges to pass through perforations already made instead of making new perforations, is prevented, and substantially immediately thereafter causing electrical discharges to arc -through the material at such points to form electric arc made perforations.
  • Art of obtaining closely spaced perforations in sheet material having high dielectric strength which comprises reducing the dielectric strength of the material at a plurality of predetermined points by making point incisions in the sheet from one surface a distance less than the .thickness of the sheet whereby the dielectric strength of the sheet is weakened and the tendency, as the sheet is subsequently moved through arcs, for .the discharges to pass through perforations already made instead of making new perforations, is prevented, and substantially immediately thereafter causing electrical discharges to arc through the material at such points to form electric arc made perforations.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
US452142A 1942-07-24 1942-07-24 Electroperforation of sheet material Expired - Lifetime US2388069A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE481836D BE481836A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1942-07-24
US452142A US2388069A (en) 1942-07-24 1942-07-24 Electroperforation of sheet material
GB15638/45A GB593891A (en) 1942-07-24 1945-06-19 Improvement in electro-perforation of sheet material

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US452142A US2388069A (en) 1942-07-24 1942-07-24 Electroperforation of sheet material

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US2388069A true US2388069A (en) 1945-10-30

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US452142A Expired - Lifetime US2388069A (en) 1942-07-24 1942-07-24 Electroperforation of sheet material

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US (1) US2388069A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE481836A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2513838A (en) * 1946-07-11 1950-07-04 Herbert W Beall Method of making porous fabric
US2550366A (en) * 1946-10-25 1951-04-24 Meaker Method and apparatus for electroperforating sheet material
US2553203A (en) * 1949-01-08 1951-05-15 Goodall Sanford Inc Electrostatic sheet-perforating machine
US2570935A (en) * 1946-10-25 1951-10-09 Dayton Rubber Company Spinning cot
US2683208A (en) * 1952-10-21 1954-07-06 Alvadore M Andrews Apparatus for perforating
US2763759A (en) * 1953-04-14 1956-09-18 Shibata Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki K Apparatus for electrically perforating polymer sheet material
US2785280A (en) * 1952-08-08 1957-03-12 Technograph Printed Circuits L Printed electric circuits and electric circuit components
US2982186A (en) * 1956-05-09 1961-05-02 Micro Vent Inc Apparatus for making perforated sheet material
US3017486A (en) * 1959-03-26 1962-01-16 Crosfield J F Ltd Perforation of webs by electrical discharges
US3116718A (en) * 1959-08-17 1964-01-07 Thomas W Evans Envelope opener and distribution apparatus
US3160687A (en) * 1962-11-19 1964-12-08 Alvadore M Andrews Method and apparatus for producing perforated sheeting and tubes
US3212381A (en) * 1962-07-30 1965-10-19 Heyer Don Device for forming lines of weakness in sheet packaging material
US3227854A (en) * 1963-02-08 1966-01-04 Reynolds Metals Co Apparatus for perforating thermoplastic film
US3318751A (en) * 1961-03-14 1967-05-09 Ungerer Irma Apparatus for forming metal-paper laminate electrostatically
FR2080813A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-02-27 1971-11-19 Kuraray Co
FR2222192A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-03-24 1974-10-18 Pickhardt & Siebert
FR2681814A1 (fr) * 1991-10-01 1993-04-02 Normandie Extrusion Basse Procede pour produire des attaches fragilisables au cours du temps, dispositifs pour mettre en óoeuvre le procede et attaches obtenues au moyen du procede.
EP0538713A1 (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-04-28 Seiji Kagawa Porous film and porous film manufacturing apparatus
US5415538A (en) * 1991-02-28 1995-05-16 Seiji Kagawa Porous film manufacturing apparatus
US20040154150A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-08-12 Lee Chien Tan Method for forming elastic ventilation cushion
US20140363625A1 (en) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US10391736B2 (en) 2013-06-11 2019-08-27 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric and a method of making the same

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE950090C (de) * 1952-08-21 1956-10-04 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zum Poroesmachen von Folien
DE971051C (de) * 1955-01-04 1958-12-11 Rene Farines Dipl Ing Vorrichtung zum Lochen von aus hartem dielektrischem Werkstoff bestehenden synthetischen Edelsteinen (Lagersteinen)
GB851473A (en) * 1956-01-03 1960-10-19 Kendall & Co Treatment of flexible, thermoplastic, organic polymeric sheets and films
DE1244381B (de) * 1956-01-31 1967-07-13 Continental Gummi Werke Ag Vorrichtung zur abfallosen Herstellung von plattenfoermigen Koerpern aus poroesem elastischem Werkstoff, wie Schaumstoff, mit einseitiger Profilierung
US3167641A (en) * 1958-11-06 1965-01-26 Lorillard Co P Apparatus for perforating sheet material
LU39752A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1960-02-24 1961-04-08
DE1201537B (de) * 1960-07-14 1965-09-23 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Mit Ventilationsoeffnungen versehener Beutel aus bahnfoermigen zaeh-elastischen Kunststoffen
US3183518A (en) * 1961-12-04 1965-05-11 Ibm Record perforating apparatus
US3760153A (en) * 1972-02-16 1973-09-18 Du Pont Apparatus for perforating thermoplastic sheet materials with an electric arc
DE3011460A1 (de) * 1980-03-25 1981-10-01 Softal Elektronik Erik Blumenfeld Kg, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum perforieren von papier, insbesondere zigaretten- und mundstueckbelagpapier fuer zigaretten
GB2079211B (en) * 1980-07-09 1983-03-23 Wiggins Teape Group Ltd Spark perforation of sheet material
EP0259003A3 (en) * 1986-08-04 1989-07-12 REXENE PRODUCTS COMPANY (A Delaware Corporation) Process for the manufacture of microporous film
WO1994022597A1 (de) * 1993-03-26 1994-10-13 Empac Verpackungs Gmbh & Co. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von einer elektrisch leitfähigen wandung aus einem gewebe und folienmaterial

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2513838A (en) * 1946-07-11 1950-07-04 Herbert W Beall Method of making porous fabric
US2550366A (en) * 1946-10-25 1951-04-24 Meaker Method and apparatus for electroperforating sheet material
US2570935A (en) * 1946-10-25 1951-10-09 Dayton Rubber Company Spinning cot
US2553203A (en) * 1949-01-08 1951-05-15 Goodall Sanford Inc Electrostatic sheet-perforating machine
US2785280A (en) * 1952-08-08 1957-03-12 Technograph Printed Circuits L Printed electric circuits and electric circuit components
US2683208A (en) * 1952-10-21 1954-07-06 Alvadore M Andrews Apparatus for perforating
US2763759A (en) * 1953-04-14 1956-09-18 Shibata Gomu Kogyo Kabushiki K Apparatus for electrically perforating polymer sheet material
US2982186A (en) * 1956-05-09 1961-05-02 Micro Vent Inc Apparatus for making perforated sheet material
US3017486A (en) * 1959-03-26 1962-01-16 Crosfield J F Ltd Perforation of webs by electrical discharges
US3116718A (en) * 1959-08-17 1964-01-07 Thomas W Evans Envelope opener and distribution apparatus
US3318751A (en) * 1961-03-14 1967-05-09 Ungerer Irma Apparatus for forming metal-paper laminate electrostatically
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FR2080813A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1970-02-27 1971-11-19 Kuraray Co
FR2222192A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-03-24 1974-10-18 Pickhardt & Siebert
US5415538A (en) * 1991-02-28 1995-05-16 Seiji Kagawa Porous film manufacturing apparatus
EP0536009A1 (fr) * 1991-10-01 1993-04-07 Extrusion De Basse-Normandie-Exbanor Procédé pour produire des attaches fragilisables au cours du temps, dispositifs pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé et attaches obtenues au moyen du procédé
FR2681814A1 (fr) * 1991-10-01 1993-04-02 Normandie Extrusion Basse Procede pour produire des attaches fragilisables au cours du temps, dispositifs pour mettre en óoeuvre le procede et attaches obtenues au moyen du procede.
EP0538713A1 (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-04-28 Seiji Kagawa Porous film and porous film manufacturing apparatus
US5352108A (en) * 1991-10-18 1994-10-04 Norito Sudo Porous film and porous film manufacturing apparatus
US5451257A (en) * 1991-10-18 1995-09-19 Seiji Kagawa Porous film and porous film manufacturing apparatus
US20040154150A1 (en) * 2003-02-10 2004-08-12 Lee Chien Tan Method for forming elastic ventilation cushion
US6860012B2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-03-01 Chien Tan Lee Method for forming elastic ventilation cushion
US20140363625A1 (en) * 2013-06-11 2014-12-11 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US9713914B2 (en) * 2013-06-11 2017-07-25 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric
US10391736B2 (en) 2013-06-11 2019-08-27 Chen-Cheng Huang Breathable and waterproof composite fabric and a method of making the same

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GB593891A (en) 1947-10-28
BE481836A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1900-01-01

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