US238628A

US238628A - wurtenberger

Info

Publication number: US238628A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1881-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 1898-03-08

Description

(No Model.)

2Sheets-Sheet 1. F. WUR TENBERGER. Blast' Apparatus for Treating Iron in Reverberatory or other Furnaces. No. 238,628. Patented March 8,1881.

N4 PETERS. PHOTO-L THOGRAPN WASHINGYON A C 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

F. WURTBNBERGER. V Blast Apparatus fOrTreating Iron in Reverberatory or "other Furnaces.

Patented March 8,1881.

My PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPNEW, WASHINGTON, D C.

llarra STATES ATENT FFKCELQ FRANZ WVURTENBERGER, OF RUHBORT, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

BLAST APPARATUS FOR TREATING IRONIN REVERBERATORY OR OTHER FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 238,628, dated March 8, 1881.

Application filed March 27, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, FRANZ WURTENBERGER, of Ruhrort, in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, have invented a new and Improved Blast Apparatus for Treating Iron in a Reverberatory or other Furnace, of which the following is a specification, and for which 1 have received German L'etters Patent for fifteen years, dated April 27, 1879, numbered This invention relates to an improvement in the manufacture of large quantities of steel or ingot iron, in regenerative or other reverberatory furnaces, by blowing air into the bath of metal by means of a tuyere apparatus of peculiar construction, capable of being introduced separately into the furnace and into the bath of metal. TVhite or mottled pig-iron is to be used chiefly, but grey pig may be employed also. Any quantity of steel-scrap or iron-scrap may be mixed with the pig-iron, and this method of working may therefore be also used in the Martin or open-hearth process as now practiced, offering many advantages, because it enables the use of a considerably greater quantity of pig-iron, accelerates the process, in creases the production, and makes the product more homogeneous.

The process is carried out byintroducing one or a number of the described tuyere apparatus into the bath of metal in the reverberatory or regenerative furnace, the bath consisting of pig-iron alone taken from a blast-furnace or a cupola, or obtained by melting down in the reverberatory furnace either pig-iron alone or a mixture of pig-iron with steel oriron. The air blown in by means of the tuyere apparatus causes a rapid elimination of the silicon, carbon, &c., in the bath of metal. The decarhonization is carried to the point necessaryin order to obtain the product desired, and then the quality aimed at is produced, according to estimation, by the addition of spiegeleisen, ferromanganese, &c.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of a furnace, and the apparatus in position; Fig. 2, a horizontal section of the apparatus taken on line 0 c of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical 0 sectional views of the apparatus and a part of the furnace, on an enlarged scale, showing the (No model.)

Patented in Germany May 27, 1879.

construction in detail; and Fig. 5 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of the apparatus and a part of the furnace.

The tuyere apparatus which serves to carry out this process consists, as shown by the drawings, of three (more or less) wrought-iron tubes,

A, coated with refractorymaterial B, and carrying on the, ends, dipping into the bath of metal, a fire-proof nozzle, a. The outer end, which it is best to provide with a small flange,

is nicely fitted into a movable cast-iron distributer, O, and isfastened, by means ofacover,

b, and a wedge, d, or otherwise, in such manner that the tubes are intimately connected with the distributer, so that the entire apparatus may be guided bytwo handles, D D.

The method ofattaching thetubes or tuyeres, and the method ofconstructing the distributer, &c., may also be eifected by other simple means.

The apparatus may consist of one single or of two or more tubes or tuyeres. The nozzle may be ofdifferent shape, and may possess one or more openings for the passage of the blast.

The tubes dip into the bath of metal in a fur- 7 nace to a requisite depth, as shown in Fig. 1, and corresponding pressure of blast must be provided for. The pressure is generally about seven and one-half pounds per square inch above atmosphericpressure.) If one nozzle or one tube has become defective during the blow it can be exchanged at once.

The joint between the apparatus and the blast-pipe E is a small elbow-pipe, F, attached to the distributer O, a firm and blast-tight connection between the said elbow-pipe and a vertically-movable section of pipe, G, and between said Vertically-movable pipe and a blast-supply pipe, H, which is capable of turning, being made by means of a frame and screw, cf. The turning pipe and the vertically-movable section follow the movement of the apparatus when the tubes or tuyeres are made to dip into or out of the bath of metal. This connection with the blast-pipe maybe effected by other 5 means.

The two handles (1 of'the apparatus terminate in a frame, I, which, when the apparatus is introduced into the furnace, bears with pivotal connections in two forked holders, J J, which are screwed intothe working plate. This affords the apparatus a pivoting point, which materially facilitates its manipulation. It is best to suspend the apparatus from an overhead track. It may, however be adjusted by other means.

It is evident that this tuyere apparatus, besides carrying out the processes mentioned in the above, in whichdephosphorization isnotnecessary, is also the means for working the wellknown Thomas and Gilchrist dephosphorizin g process in stationary reverberatory or gasgenerative furnaces. The bath of metal may in this case be either pig-iron alone or a smelted mixture of pig-iron with phosphoric steel or iron scrap. The apparatus furthermore permits the blowing of finely-powdered reagents into the bath of metal for the purpose of dephosphorizing pig-iron as well as steel, it being possible to blow powdered oxides-t'. 6., oxides of iron, oxides of manganese, lime, and magnesia, or a mixture of them, these oxides causing the oxidation and the slagging of the phosphorus--by means of the blast into the bath of metal. Thisniethod ofdephosphorization may also be used for dephosphorizing pig-iron by allowing the pig-iron to flow from the blastfurnace into a receptacle provided with the movable tuyercs, and by which a certain quantity of these oxides is supplied. By means of a valve the quantities ot'these reagents conducted to the apparatus can be easily regulated.

DGPllOSlllllOl'lZlblOll in the gas-regenerative furnace may also be effected in connection with the Bessemer process by bringing the charge from an ordinary Bessemer converter, (where phosphoric pi g-iron is blown until carbon and silicon are eliminated,) but without the cinder into the regenerative furnace, and then carrying out the dephosphorization by means of the tuyere apparatus above described.

For certain purposes steam or gases may be blown into the bath of metal by means of the apparatus instead of air, and the blowing of reagents may also be effected by means of steam or compressed gases.

I claim 1. In combination with the distributer O, interposed between a blast-pipe and one or more tuyere-pipes, the handles D 1), frame I, and holders J J, attached to the furnace for the purpose of giving a pivotal support for the said distributer O and its connected parts, on which they can be turned so as to elevate and depress the nozzle of the tuyere-pipes when placed in the furnace, substantially as described.

2. In combination with the distributer U and the tuyereiipes supported on the holders J and the blast E, the elbow F, adjustable pipe G, and pivoted pipe 1:1, to permit the tuyerepipes to be elevated and depressed without breaking their connection with the blast, substantially as described.

This specification signed by me this 28th day of January, 1880.

- FRANZ \VUI-LTENBERGER.

Witnesses:

HOEVELEY, V. Kniiwrrz.