US2382900A - Burner and support therefor - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 14, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT oF'FicE BURNER AND SUPPORT THEREFOR Willlam' Newcomb, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application April 2, 1943, Serial No.481,524 1 Claim. (Cl. 1ss-2) This invention relates to improvements in methods and means for producing emcient combustion; and especially to a process and a construction by which liquid fuel can be consumed to best advantage in the generation of heat and power.

An object of the invention is to provide equipment designed chiefly for the burning of oil in i the heaters of steam-boilers and other installations, in a way that afi'ords both an increase in the power obtained, and a material saving in the quantity of fuel used for the purpose.

A further object of the invention is to provide an arrangement which eliminates all need for forced draft, and in which a sufficient flow of air is induced by the burning fuel itself, the air being comm-ingled directly with the fuel; in the quantity and manner required and the combustion rendered complete in the highest degree.

Other advantages are set out in the following description and the novel features defined in the appended claim. But the disclosure is of course explanatory only, and changes in shape, size and other details may be made in practice without departing from the principle of the invention, or exceeding its scope and spirit.

On the drawing:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a construction embodying the principal features of my invention:

Figure 2 is a front view, and

Figure 3 shows a type of burner for the fuel.

Figure 4 is a front view of the part of the furnace upon which the burner is mounted and Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the nozzle of the burner.

The same numerals identify the same parts throughout.

The numeral I indicates the casing of a boiler illustrated as having heater tubes 2 therein, and a fire tube 3. The latter runs from the front of the boiler to a chamber-4 therein at the rear; and the tube 2 connect this chamber to a header 5 in front, with a flue the products of combustion. At the entrance to the fire tube is shown a burner I. This design of boiler is of course well known.

The burner is of the atomizer type, to create a spray of oil or other liquid fuel; and to hold it in position with respect to the tube 3, it will be mounted in a plate 8, which overlies the up- I per portion of the entrance to the first tube 3.

The lower half of the inlet of the tube 3 can be opened in whole or in part, or closed when necessary, by a swinging air gate or damper 9.

When this gate is open, and the fuel supplied by the burner 1 is ignited, all the air necessary is drawn into the tube 3 and complete combustion takes place. The hot gases resulting from combustion flow through the tube into the chamber 4, and then forward through the heater tubes 2 into the header 5, and out through the stack 6. The heat of the burnt gases is transmitted to the contents of the boiler and the liquid in the boiler is thus easily and quickly vaporized.

This method of combustion is very advantageous because, as will be seen from the drawing, the air entersthe tube 3 at a point lower than the burner nozzle 1. The oil'is forced through this nozzle and enters the tube 3 in the form of a. spray which draws air into the tube 3 with it. Hence the air flows upward into the tube 3 to mix with the fuel discharged from the burner nozzle, following the natural tendency of air to rise as it is warmed in the vicinity of the burner around the lower part of the forward end of the boiler. The results are much better than if air were caused to enter above or around the burner; because, by taking it from below, the action of the burner is suflicient to draw in enough air to make the combustion thorough, andno fans or other devices to create a draft or flow of air into the tube 3 are needed.

In practice I have found that my invention saves a great deal of fuel, giving more steam I with the combustion of a relatively smaller quantity of oil; and the combustion is accomplished without the formation of soot or the loss of any of the inflammable constituents 'of the fuel. The

6 for conducting away absence of carbon or soot deposits is in itself a considerable advantage because the expense of cleaning out the boiler tubes is thereby obviated.

The invention is equally applicable to other kinds of boilers, especially water-tube boilers. I can utilize an existing furnace, for example, by taking the opening in the wall below the front of the.furnace to allow the air to enter and reach the burner from below, as already described, and all the desired results are obtained. In other cases, I can use the firepit or ashpit damper as the inlet for the fuel to the burner nozzle to give the air its natural upward direction to the burner,.'and close off the feed of air to the burner at all other points. The burner must always be above the air opening; and the air is regulated by means'of the gate 9; which is mounted on a hinge Ill including a pin H.

The burner 1 is illustrated in detail in Figures 3, 4 and 5. The front of the furnace is indicated at la, such as a, wall of brick, with a metal face plate 16. In thi front is a fuel opening l1 which receives the burner and below this opening is the air inlet, regulated by a gate 9'. Both the openings lead to the fire space 3. On the plate I6 is a hearing I 2 mounting a pulley l3, over which passes a cord or chain It. This is connected to the hinged gate 9' and to a counterweight l5. This weight will hold the gate 9' in any adjusted position.

The plate I6 has an opening 16 large enough for the nozzle of the burner; and covered by two small closures 20 having slots 2|; for attaching bolts 22. The opposed edges of the closures are recessed to fit around the burner nozzle snugly. The burner is secured in a support 23, the legs of which are bolted to the front of the furnace. The support has a round bearing 24, open at both ends; and the passage therethrough is counterbored to provide a. shoulder 25. In this bore is a head or plug 26, engaging the seat 25; and a fitting 21. A yoke 26 is connected by pivots 29 to the opposite'sides of the bearing 24, and receives a bolt 30 which is mounted in a bearing 3|. The bolt engages the outerend of the fitting 21 and holds this part and the plug 26 in place. By unscrewing the bolt, the parts 26 and 21 can be removed; and the burner nozzle can be pulled out by loosening the bolts 22 and separating the closures 20.

The plug 26 has a bore through it and terminates at its inner end in a. large boss 32. In the fitting 21 is an oil duct 33. At its inner end the fitting is counterbored to receive the boss 32; the

two parts 26 and 21 being kept tightly engaged by the bolt 30. A fuel pipe 34 is attached to the fitting 21, and leads to the duct 33.

Into the plug 26, adjacent the inner end of the said part, is screwed the end of a pipe 35, which passes through the hole l8; and on its inner end is screwed an extension 36. This extension carries a nut 31 which provides a spray nozzle for expelling the oil in a finely divided condition. In one end of the bore of this nut is a seat 38 and fitting this seat tightly i a disk 39 with a small aperture 40 in the center. The nut is threaded to screw upon the extension 36 and has an inside seat or shoulder for a disk 4| with a rimmed opening to fit into the open end of a cup-shaped wire-mesh filter 42. The opposite end of the filter is close to the nozzle 40.

In practice the oil is forced into the fitting 21 at the comparatively low pressure of lbs. per square inch. It is filtered in its passage through the nozzle, broken up in its passage through the filter and issues from the mouth of the nozzle in an exceedingly fine spray. It thus mixes thoroughly with the air stream flowing past the gate 9', which is raised to a greater or less extent according to the amount of oil used. No fan is needed for the air which is supplied by natural draft only. All air at the opening I8 is shut oil by the closures 20.

To dismount the burner the bolt 30 is loosened, and the yoke 28 swung aside. The fitting 21 can then be removed. By loosening the screws 22, the closures 20 can be separated and the plug 26, tube 35, and nozzle tip withdrawn. The nut 31, extension 36, and tube 35 can be unscrewed and reassembled as required.

My invention thus greatly increases the emciency.of the combustion, gives economy of fuel consumed, lowers the cost of maintenance and upkeep, products more power, heightens the working temperature of the furnace, and enables the boiler to be "fired" and the generation of steam to be commenced in a comparatively short time. While I have shown and described it in connection with boilers for steam, the invention may obviously be. made to serve the needs of any plant which generates power for light, heat or other purposes.

Disk 39 fits seat 38 tightly, and a thin sleeve can be put between this disk and the disk 4| to hold the disk 39 securely. A second disk ll and filter 42 may be placed in the counterbored end of fit ting 21. The filters may have the same or different mesh. Both or either may be used. The filter in the nut 31 helps to atomize the fuel as it approaches the opening Ill.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

A fuel combustion device having a burner comprising a fuel pipe having a nozzle, a support having a round bearing open at both ends and legs attached thereto, said bearing having an inside shoulder, a plug in said bearing engaging said shoulder and connected to said pipe, a fitting in the extension abutting said plug, an oil supply conduit united to said fitting, a yoke pivoted on said bearing, a bolt in said yoke to press against the end of said fitting to secure the fitting and plug in place, a mounting plate for the support to which said legs are afiixed, said plate having an opening for the fuel pipe, 9. pair of closures to fit the outside of the pipe and close said opening, the closures having slots therein, and fastening means in said slot for adiustably securing the said closures to said plate.

WILLIAM NEWCOMB. Y

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