US2375598A - Carbon and soot eliminator for oil burners - Google Patents

Description

y 1 5-. L. c. TROSKY I CARBON AND SQOT-ELIMINATOR FOR OIL BURNERS Filed. Feb. 26, 1942 R. djzafij.

ms Arr-anus? of the drawing, in which:

Patented May 8, 1945 1,375,5 8! r r CARBONAND SOOT um i rnerorrroa on. BURNE Louis-C; Trosky, Ghicaeo; Ill; [Application February. 2.6, io aseriai 432,400.

liclaim. (o1.15s-92) This. invention relates. to improvements in oil.

burner equipment and, more particularly. to a carbon, eliminator in the form of an. air. supply nj anslwhich will b simple in. construction, ecos nomical. in manufacture, and highly. efiicient in use,

carboncontent of the fuel supply; withinthem fire potso, as to allow a max-imumftravelof said combustible admixture, of. air, and. carbon content of the fueloil supplywithin thefire pot Still another object of my invention .isto, provide meansfor. producinga sweepingaction of the. incoming. air over therfloor. areaoijthe-fire not so that. the, vaporized carboncontent of the fuelwill be promptly mixed, with air. and hence not starve for oxygen. I I

A further object or. the inventioniis toprovide means. for producing a spiralfiame. starting. closely adjacent the baseof the fire pot. so as.to, com- Another. obieetv of. this invention] is to provide in oillburners, means for completely. mixing; the

pletely admix the carbon contentof the vaporized fuel oil and, the incoming; air, in. the flame area.

Other novel aspects and advantages. of, the-invention tendingto eliminate carbon deposit-.on oil burner, equipment reside in certain detailsot construction which willibecomeapparent inthelight isv an elevation al, View of anoil. burnin heating; unit partly broken. away. to. display the burner structure embodying the, present. invention; t Fig,- 2 is anenlarged' fragmentary perspective view of the burner elementsillustratedjin Fi r 1; Fig. 311s a, cross sectionalldetailview through one of the branches of the distributor head .asfseen along line 3-.-3 inFig. 2; i t

Fig.. 4 is a sectional. detail. view of a burner structure; partly in elevation and showing amodis fiedjorm of my invention,- and Fig 5 is'a top planview of .the air supplyl head of my modifiedformshown inlFig. 4.

My, newburnerstructure is. adapted for use with the, conventional. oilburner units. such as the one in. Fig, 11 inwhich thereds providedflajacketfl Ill within which. there is. arranged afcombustion chamber I I having. communicationet its upper extremity with a .breeching (not shown) for conveying. fumes; smoke andthe lik .to a stack.

Arranged in, the bottom wall of. the-chamber I I isiarfire .pot. I2. The, present disclosure illustrates a..cylindrical shaped pot. I 2,. although it is to be understood that my inventioncontemplates. the

use of any form of fire pot, as will later become apparent. The. pet. I 2;.may be of the conventional a bottom wall I3Yadapted to support a. cylindrical side Wall which inturn supports; at its open upper end aring I4 having-an opening I5 formed therein .I 2 into the.- combustion .chamber I I.

to permitemissionof the flame, from the fire pot closely adjacentthe floonof the potfbrmed, by: the upper surface of-the bottom wal1 13.. lhis supply pipe is inthe form of? tubing. which extends eX- teriorly. of; the jacket. I U, and into a ,iioatvalve unit lfI for controllingthe flow of .fuelinto-the fire. pot I2. Fuel oil issuppliedto the floatvvalveunit I7 through a conduit .I 8 .extending-from a fuel supply tank-I 9..

t The air supply meansis generally indicated at t 20 :and includesaiorced draft unit2 I comprising a motor 22 for driving a blower 2.3.including a fan means, (not shown) within a blower; housing. 24.- The blower. is. adaptedto, draw, air in. laterally through a grille Ziand force such airgcentrifugally from the housing 2am a streamconfinedw-ithin a tubular casing. 26. Iprovide afle'xible tubular casing 26:50. that variations. in installation maybe compensated without difficulty. The air supplied by the blower 23 and directed-through the casing 26. ultimately reachesthe'fire pot l2. as is true of devices: which; have been heretofore knownr However, my invention contemplates a distribu tion of the;airsupp1 yas uniform and asfree from violence as is possible; andobtain :from the, forced draft the maximum efiiciency required tocompletely consume the, carbon content of the fuel.

. To accomplish the foregoing.advantageslypror vide a novel distributorheadzfl for the. air supply. This distributor. head 21 is installedin the fire pot I! by drilling a hole 28 inthebottom wall I3; A threaded nipple 2 94s inserted into .the hole-.28 and 4a as t. 30 placed-overthe nipplefon both sides ofthe wall I3.. Athreaded nut 31 is screwed upon the threaded nipple 2.91 from above,- while. a similar nut 32 is screwed upon the nipple from below, each of thesenuts 3|. and 3.2.beingi tightly screwed against their respective gasket elements 30; sothatja perfect seal results,,a. substantial number; of threads. being exposed. above the top nut.3I so as to receiveithe hubportion 330i the. distributor head .21. The hubportion 33 is, in the form .ofacap having inside threadsadapted to be screwed downupon-the top nut 3,I .and.to.act as a lock nut for the latter. Means. for. conveying the air supply,fromthehubBS..radially with respect thereto comprises a plurality of. equally spaced tubuIarYelements M-F The o tside endsof type marketed at the present time andincluding thesdtubular. elements 34 are capped as at. 35 and theLinner-end is-threadedinto'a threadedop nins 36 formed in the side wall of the hub 33.. The

A fuel. supply pipe l6, enters. theffire pot shown as four in number.

, from the blower 23 will be conducted up into the distributor head 21.

The radially extending tubular elements 34 are However, while four of such elements are sufiicient for smaller fire pots, when the diameter of the pot 'is larger and a greater fioor area is to be served with incomin air, it is obvious that the number of elements 34 employed are increased accordingly. The number 7 of elements 34 employed would be such numberas are required to blanket the lower area of the fire pot l2 with fresh air so as to provide a quantitative supply of air proportional to the carbon content of the fuel for the reason pointed out in the objects heretofore mentioned.

Each of the tubular elements 34 has aligned apertures 38 formed therein. These'ap'ertures 38 are relatively small openings serving to distribute the air and to produce afine spray of air in the lower region of the pot 12. As is illustrated, Figs. 2 and 3, the apertures 38 are disposed to emit air in an oblique direction, thus creating a spiral draft within the fire pot, resultin in a longer fiame within a shorter vertical distance, it being understood that the mixing process of air and fuel carbon content of the fuel oil should be com pleted within the confines of the fire'pot l2. The distributor head 2'! is disposed as close to the fioor of the fire pot as is permissible'and as is well known in the art, the fuel oil trickling onto the fioor of the burner is preheated, thus'gasifyin the fuel and providing a readily combustible element immediately upon admixture with the air. The spray of air provided at the apertures 38 permits the mixing of air and fuel carbon atthe west possible level in the burner and as a result thereof the flame begins at the point of injection of the air, it appearing as though the fuel were emitting from the apertures 38- by reason of a blue flame having its origin therefrom. The entire surface of the fioor l3 is served with air from the fine spray emitting from the apertures 38, and the fiame originating therefrom spirals its way out through the opening H5 at the upper end of the fire pot l2. It is important to note that by the distributor head provided, there is nota violent entrance of air into the fire pot but rather the air is restricted by the small apertures and broken down into small streams so that thej'oxygen content of the air is easilyand readily mixed with the gasified hydrocarbons rising from the preheated pool of fuel oil.

I have shown in Figs. 4 an'd'5 of the drawing a modified form of distributor head 40, which form is preferably in cases of large types of fire pots. Keeping in mind the salient object of this invention, in the use of a distributor head of the radial type (Fig. 2) in the larger type fire pot and having the termini of its tubular elements 34 spaced at such a distance apart, caused by the, increased diameter of the pot l2, certain areas intermediate such termini may not be properly serviced with fresh air which would result in a starving of the fuel carbon, permitting the fuel to ascend well toward the open end I5 of the pct 12 before combustion takes place. "If such were the case the fiame would extend higher into the combustion chamber, resulting in an increased stack temperature and consequently a loss of efii ciency in, heat transmittal to the heater chambers of the unit l0. Likewise, a portion of the carbon content of the fuel would enter so far into the combustion chamber before being completely consumed as to produce soot and a carbon deposit upon the burner unit.

The modified form of my invention embodies the same elements employed in the preferred form with the exception of'the shape of the tubu lar element 34. Instead of radially extendin arms such as the elements 34, I have shown a single tubular element 44 which'communicates with the hub portion 33 as at 4B and then is coiled about the latter with each successive convolution of the coil substantially equidistant from the other in a direction radially with respect to the hub portion 33. The end of this element 44 is capped as at 45 and is curved to lie a decreased radial distance from the hub 33 than would the normal coil curve so as to terminate substantially nearer to the adjacent convolution 4! (Fig. 4). Apertures 48 are formed in the tubular element 44 equidistant from each other and along a line of the spiral. The apertures 48 are disposed so as to direct the flow of air inwardly and upwardly and at a slight pitch, resulting in a spiral flame similar to that shown in Fig. 1. By this arrangement, regardless of the diameter of the fire pot 12, the entire floor thereof will be serviced with air in the fine spray contemplated so as not. to

create a violent updraft but rather a steady uniform flow of equally distributed air, the oxygen content of which readily mixes with the carbon content of the fuel oil substantially close to the bottom of the fire pot.

Having thus described my improved burner construction, it is to be noted that byreason of the structure disclosed the entire floorarea ofthe fire pot is blanketed with fresh air, resulting in a mixing of fuel gas with oxygen at the lowest possible point. As a consequence of this the flame travel is practically confined Within the Walls of the pot ,I L'resuIting in the complete. consumption of carbon before it passes off into the broad area of the combustion chamber, ,The ultimate result of these events is an elimination of carbon and soot, leaving the fire pot l2 and other surfaces exposed to the fire clean and free from particles usually collected in burnerunits. 1

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carryingjmy in.- vention into effect; this is capable of variation and modification without departing from, the spirit of the invention. I, therefore, donot. wish to be limitedto the precise details-of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such va ria tions and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claim. p

Having thus describedmy l invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by'Letters Patent is: y f

I In an oil burner comprising afire pot having a fuel retaining bottom wall and an air supply conduit entering saidfire pot, means for supplying liquid fuel to said pot, means formixing air. With saidfuel at the lowest possible level 'invsaid fire pot, said means including a continuous conduit element inv the form of a coil. having sub stantially uniform c on volutions said coil adapted,

to receive air fromsaid air supply and having a pluralit of' equally spaced apertures formed therein along the upper inward surface of said conduit element for directing a relatively fine spray air'inwardly and upwardly over theen tire area ofsaid bottom wall. v W 7 A

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