US2375302A

US2375302A - Lathing

Info

Publication number: US2375302A
Application number: US535615A
Authority: US
Inventors: Albert C Karelius
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1944-05-15
Filing date: 1944-05-15
Publication date: 1945-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 1962-05-08

Description

May 8, 1945- n A. c. KARELIUS 2,375,302

LTHING Filed May 15, 1944 2 sheets-Sheet 1 F" 41mu w n 11j-.r n if; /2 l 5w w iii! A j?, l /7 (U f n /O/ *l .l J 4. L f l.

r 1l n ATTORNEY May 8, 1945. l A.A c. KARELlus 2,375,302

LATH'ING I V Filed May l5, 1944 -2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n H TTORNEY- Patented May 8, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LATHING r Albert o. Karelius, smsen-a, Calif. Application May 15, 1944, Serial No. 535,615

8 Claims.

This invention relates to lathing of the general character embodied in my co-pending applications Serial Nos. 488,151 and 493,644, filed on May 24, 1943, and July 6, 1943, respectively.

In their broad aspects, the above identified applications disclose lathing composed of a backing member or other suitable `fiexible'material having plaster keying openings therethrough, Land associated with a welded metal fabric formed by intersecting first and second Wires on the plasterreceiving side of the member, and a third set of wires on the other side of the member welded through the aforesaid openings to certain of the wires of the metal fabric, to provide wire reinforcing means which becomes embedded in plaster when applied to the lathing.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a lathing of the above described general character whose structure is simplified by the elimination of certain elements and the utilization of the remaining elements in a manner to satisfactorily perform the functions of the greater number of elements, all to the end'of greatly reducing the manufacturing costs while maintaining the structural strength required for class A work as identified by building codes, and enabling a continuous wire mesh reinforced all-purpose lathing to be installed not only in thehigher priced structures, but also in low cost buildings wherein non-reinforced lathing such as plaster board and wood lath would otherwisebeused,

More specifically, it is another object of the present invention to provide a simplified construction of lathing composed of a minimum number of -elements consistent with 'the necessary functions to be performed, and including abackwhich the first and second intersecting wires forming the entire reinforcement and being com pletely' embedded in plaster, render theV latter equally strong in two directions. In addition, the

relatively narrow webs of backing sheet material remaining between the confronting ends of the elongated openings or slots in the ybacking sheet,

permit the portions .of 'plaster which are forced through the openings to flow together and form continuous keys 'or ribs, thus increasing the rigidity of the finished product. Also, the novel'arrangement of the two-wire type of reinforcement with respect to the backing sheet enables the lathing to be secured to .building studs by'nailing around one series 0f wires while the other series of wires remains free on the plaster-receiving face of the backing sheet for maximum em-` bedding of the plaster to produce a continuous reinforcement. A still further object of this invention is to provide a wire mesh-reinforced lathing in which the webs of material between the ends of the openings inthe backing sheet are pre-grooved to receive the back wires of the ymesh rein forcement, in a manner to space the sheet away from the front wires and provide an excess of backing sheet ma-v terial, all to the end of enabling the wires' to'be more deeply and uniformly embedded in the plaster, as well as confining the backing sheet against displacement laterally of the back wires' in order that the latter will be maintained by the grooves,

properly centered in the openings along the ing member of flexible sheet material such as strong, tough paper, and metallic reinforcement composed entirely of first wires on one side of the backing member, and second wires on the other side of the backing member in intersecting or meshed relationship to the rst wires, with the first and second wires being welded together at their intersections, through openings in the backing member which are of such contour and relationship to each other and to the wires asto ex tion which yields sufficiently to troweling pressure to insure embedding of the rst and second wires in plaster without wasting plaster by areas of excessive plaster thickness.

A further object of the' invention is toprovide a 1athing of the above described character in lengths thereof prior to the application and setting of the mortar.

With'these and other objects in View, the invention resides in the combinations, arrangements and functional relationships of elements as set forth in the following specification and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in front elevation, of the form of lathing embodying the present invention and applied to members of a building frame;

Figure 2 is a View vin rear elevation, of the lathing installed as in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a. reduced scale view of the lathing in rear elevation, after the plaster has been applied to thelathing; f

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View taken on the line 4-4ofFigure 3; f

Figure 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional View taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 1;A

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, but showing the lathing after a coat of'plaster has been applied thereto;

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary'sectional ing the lathing after a coat of plaster` has been applied thereto; f v

Figure 9 is a fragmentary detail sectional View of the backing sheet.

Referring specifically to the drawings, the invention in its broadaspect consists of a backing member Band a, plaster-reinforcing metal fabric 'I'he backing member B is preferably constructed from strong, tough paper or similar flexible sheet material, and is cut into rectangular sheets Y I Iof backing sheet material therebetween which practice can be as little as three-sixteenths or one eighth of an inch. It is also to be noted that during the operation of punching the openings I through the backing sheet, the portion of the latter definingthe narrow connecting webs I I is subjected to a forming operation by suitable mechanism (not shown), sufficient pressure being imposed upon the'webs to form lateral offsets org'rooves I2 therein on the rear face of the backu ing sheet, These grooves I2 are coincident to the longitudinal `center line of the openings II, and open through the ends of the 'openings as well as through opposite edges of the backing sheet. By preforming the grooves I2 in the backing sheet, the relatively stiff paper stock from which the sheet is constructed, is rendered more pliable and 'yieldable byl slightly breaking down or deforming the fibrous'structure of the paper across the webs. Furthermore, the forming of the grooves I2 pro-` vides an excess of backing sheet material for coaction with the metal fabric F in a manner to be later described.

fIhe plaster reinforcing metal fabric F is composed entirely of two rightangularly intersecting series of wires I5 and I6 between which the back-y ing" sheet is interposed. The wires of the two se ries'form a mesh corresponding to the center to center distance between the openings I0, and are welded or otherwise permanently secured together at their intersections in the centers of the openingsIIl as indicated at Ill, thusmaking a unitary structure in which the front wires l5 are arranged in parallel rows and span the openings I0 transversely thereof on one side of the sheet.'

The parallel rear wires I5 span the openings Ill longitudinally of the latter, with these wires extending along the grooves I2 and seating therein as shown in Figure 5, so that the front face of the backing sheet willbe originally spacedfrom the wires I5 as clearly shown in this ngure. The grooves I2 also co-act with the wires I6 to prevent the backing jsheet and fabric from shifting relatively in a direction transversely of the lengths of the openings I0, and thus maintain the wires I6 centered in the openings.

The completed lathing asabove described is preferably secured every six inches or less to building frame members M by the nail on or tie on method, around only the wires I6 so as to leave the front wires I5 entirely free of the lathing securingv means I 8 shown in Figure 1.

Assuming that a number of sheets of the lathing are to form a wall foundation', and that the sheets are secured to the frame members M with the edges of successive sheets overlapped as shown in Figure 1, and with the lengths of the openings ID and hence the wires I5 extending horizontally, mortar is troweled against the front face of the backing sheet by a first upward stroke and then generally horizontal back and forth spreading strokes to level out the outer surface of the mortar.

Due to the effect of the grooves I2 of the webs I I in providing an excess of backing sheet material between points of nailing to the supports M, the backing sheet is readily forced further away from the vertical' wires I5 under the normal troweling pressure of mortar against the sheet. In practice, the backing sheet is forced about one eighth of an inch back from the wires .I5 so as to be disposed beyond the rear wires I6 as shown in Figure 8, to thus vembed the wires I5 throughout their entire lengths approximately one eighth of an inch in the mortar as shown in this figure. Furthermore, the extremely long openings I0 facilitate the rearward displacement of the backing sheet by troweling pressure, as the sheet is held against such displacement only by the narrow webs IIbearing against the wires I6, to thus embed the wires I5 substantially uniformly in mortar, with the result of producing a uniformly, strong bond between the wires and plaster.

Mortar is also forced under the troweling pressure and strokes through the `openings I0 in sufficient quantity to not only provide plaster keys, but to also bridge the narrow webs II of backing sheet material remaining between the ends of successive openings I0, yto thus also embed the wires I6l throughout their entire lengths in mortar, and thereby create continuous reinforced plaster ribs or keys 2U from one building frame member M to the next one as shown in Figure 3.

By` completely embedding the entire two-wire mesh fabric in plaster, the latter is uniformly reinforced in both horizontal and vertical direc tions, and is further strengthened and rendered more rigid by the continuous ribs 20. It is preferable in practice to use a larger size for the horizontal wire I6 than for the vertical wire I5, such asNo. 13 or'14 gage for the former, and No. 15 gage for the latter, to further stiften the structure against sagging between vertical supports.

It will be noted that the long side edges ofthe openings I0 act, to slice mortar from the trowel during the firstupward stroke thereof so asto facilitate the application of the mortar. The wires I5 and I6 are entirely free of kinks, and remain straight irrespective of the presence of the webs II whose grooves I2 offset the backing sheet from the wires I6, all to the end that the wires will have maximum strength against elongation, with the result of providing the desirable flat foundation for the plaster.

From the foregoing description it will be manifest that the lathing is composed of the minimum number of elements, (l) the backing member B, and (2) the two-wire meshr fabric F between whose longitudinal and transverse wires I5 and I6 the backing sheet is interposed, and that the backing sheet is structurally characterized by the specifically constructed and function-ally related openings I0 and intervening webs II with their grooves i2 enabling the entire lengths of the two wires I5 and IE to become embedded in plaster to provide substantially uniformly strong reinforcement invtwo directions throughout the area ofthe lathing.

It will also be appreciated that this simplified construction more eiciently performs all the functions of more complicated lathing structures, and that its manufacturing cost is materially less, due to the fact that only a single welding operation of the wires I to the wires I6 through-the openings l of the interposed backing member to complete the metal fabric F and assemble the latter and backing member is necessary as compared to two or more welding operations necessary in lathing of the same general character heretofore proposed.

I claim:

1. Lathing of the class described comprising: a backing member of exible sheet material having elongated openings therethrough, and -arranged in parallel rows; va metal reinforcing fabric composed entirely of parallel `spaced front wires on one side of the sheet spanning said openings transversely thereof, and parallel spaced back wires on the other side of the'sheet spanning said openings longitudinally thereof; and means permanently securing the said wires together at their intersections in said openings.

2. Lathing of the class described comprising: a backing member of flexible sheet material having elongated openings therethrough, and arranged in parallel rows; :a metal reinforcing fabric composed of spaced parallel front wires on one side of the sheet spanning saidv openings transversely thereof, and spaced parallel back wires on the other side of the' sheet spanning said openings longitudinally thereof; and means permanently securing said wires together at their intersections in said openings; said openings being in end to end relation in their rows of one direction and being sufliciently long to leave only relatively narrow webs of backing sheet material between the ends of successive openings, rendering the backing sheet material free to be forced away from the front wires throughout their lengths and rearwardly beyond the plane of the back wires,.under trowelingpressure of mortar against the backing sheet, whereby to enable the front wires to become completely embedded in mortar throughout their lengths, and the back wires to become embedded in mortar.

3. Lathing of the class described comprising:

a backing member of flexible sheet material havings being relatively long and narrow, with confrontingends of the openings leaving only narrow webs of backing sheet material therebetween so that the backing sheet will be suiciently weakened at such webs to be forced by troweling pressure of mortar entirely away from the wires of one series in order to embed such wires` in mortar throughout their entire lengths; said confronting ends of openings being in such close proximity that mortar forced through the openings will tend to join across the webs in substantially continuous keys in which the wires of the other se'ries will be embedded.

6. Lathing of the class described comprising: a backing sheet of flexible material having elongated openings therethrough arranged end to end in parallel rows and leaving relatively narrow webs of backing sheet material between the ends of successive openings; wires spanning the openings` transversely thereof on one face of the backing sheet; and other wires spanning the openings longitudinally thereof on the other face of the sheet and welded to the first said wires at the intersections of the wires in said openings; said webs having grooves in which the second said wires are received to space the backing sheet from the first said wires.

7.A Lathing of the class described comprising: a backing sheet of kflexible material having elongated openings therethrough arranged end to end in parallel rows and leaving relatively narrow webs of backing sheet material between the ends of successive openings; wires spanning the openings transversely thereof on one face of the backing sheet; and other wires spanning the openings longitudinally thereof on the other face suiiicient depth to provide an excess of backing tions in said openings; said openings being in end to end relation in their rows of one direction with the confronting ends of successive openings .in proximity to each other enabling mortar forced through the openings by troweling pressure to iiow together into continuous ribs completely covering the back wires with mortar throughout their lengths.

` 4. Lathing of the class described comprising: a metal reinforcing fabric consisting entirely of two series of wires in right angular relation and welded together at their intersections; and a flexible backing sheet having openings therethrough and interposed between the two series of wires so that the wires of one series are on one side of the sheet, and the wires of the other sheetmaterial between said rows of openings and to confine the backing sheet against planary displacement laterally of the secondsaid wires.

8. Lathing of the class described comprising: a backing sheet of flexible material having elonggated openings therethrough arranged end to end in parallel rows and leaving relatively narrow webs of backing sheet material between the ends of successive openings; wires 'spanning the openings transversely thereof on one face of the backing sheet; other wires spanning the open'- ings longitudinally thereof on the other face of the sheet and welded to the viirst said wires at the intersections of the wires in said openings; and means co-acting with the backing sheet and second said wires to dispose the backing sheet in spaced relation to the first said wires and to provide an excess of backing sheet material between said rows of openings for the purpose described.

ALBERT C, KARELI'US.