US2374810A - Electron discharge apparatus - Google Patents

Electron discharge apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2374810A
US2374810A US367402A US36740240A US2374810A US 2374810 A US2374810 A US 2374810A US 367402 A US367402 A US 367402A US 36740240 A US36740240 A US 36740240A US 2374810 A US2374810 A US 2374810A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
frequency
resonator
discharge apparatus
electron discharge
responsive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US367402A
Inventor
Fremlin John Heaver
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2374810A publication Critical patent/US2374810A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C17/00—Fertilisers or seeders with centrifugal wheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H3/00—Dolls
    • A63H3/006—Dolls provided with electrical lighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/06—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron
    • H01J25/08—Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi-Klystron with electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/16—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L1/00—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply
    • H03L1/02—Stabilisation of generator output against variations of physical values, e.g. power supply against variations of temperature only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/02—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a frequency discriminator comprising a passive frequency-determining element
    • H03L7/04—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a frequency discriminator comprising a passive frequency-determining element wherein the frequency-determining element comprises distributed inductance and capacitance

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electron discharge apparatus for operation at very high frequencies and has as one vof its objects to stabilise the resonant frequency of hollow resonators used in such apparatus and as another object to modulate the frequency of Vsuch resonators.
  • means are provided responsive to changes' in the dimensions or resonant frequency of a substantially closed hollow resonator for modifying the dimensions in a sense tending to maintain the resonant frequency constant.
  • means such as a piezoelectric crystal adapted when excited by a modulating voltage to modify the dimensions of a substantially closed hollow resonator and thereby to modulate the lnatural frequency.
  • different portions of the resonator are constructed of conductive material having different temperature coeflicients of expansion so that the resonant frequency is substantially'independent of tempera-A ture.
  • FIG. 1 is a section through a resonator arranged in accordance with'the said co-pending application; and Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are illustrative showings of embodiments in accordance with the invention.
  • the resonatorof Fig. 1 may a section of coaxial conductor transmission line short-circuited at its ends and is constituted by inner. and outer co-axial copper cylinders A and B connected together byl end-discs (not shown) and having Aa group of slots through the walls along a common diameter providing a passage for electrons focused in a beam from a cathode H to a col- ⁇ lecting anode F.
  • the slots are provided with result of velocity modulation at the gap between D and E, yield up energy to the resonator. This unduly increasing the capacity between the cylinders A and B. Consequently variation of the length of this gap has a large effect upon the frequency of the resonator.
  • ns C of Invar or other metal having a low thermal expansion, that is, having a-low temperature co-eiiicient of expansion and to connect them, at their outer ends only, to flanges L extending from ⁇ the cylinder A, the flanges L being of metal such as copper having higher thermal expansion, that is, having a higher temperature coefficient of expansion than age which varies in amplitude with changes in the ns C.
  • the temperature of the resonator rises the radial dimensions of cylinders A and B increase tending to lower the resonant frequency.
  • the copper flanges L also increase in length, and the fins C which have relativelynegligble expansion are'drawn outwardly/"Thereby the ca.- pacity of the working gap is decreased and the decrease in frequency due to thermal expansionis partially or wholly compensated.
  • a frequency-error-detector is employed to set up a control voltage or current for correcting'the resonant frequency of a resonator.
  • the error detector may comprise an auxiliary resonator loosely coupled to the mainv resonator and tuned to a frequency slightly different from the operative resonant frequency of the mainL resonator. From the auxiliary resonator a voltres'onant frequency of the main resonator is obtrainedv4 and this can be rectified and utilised to 7 vary continuously the dimensions of the main resonator in compensating sense.
  • the error detector comprises a pair of auxiliary resonators coupled to the mainresonatorand tuned respectively slightly above and below the voperative resonant frequency.
  • the outputs of the auxiliary resonators are fed to ployed las error detectors should be of substan'l tially constant frequency. It is usually possible to maintain them at substantially constant temperature'but in any case they may be made of invar or the like copper-plated internally.
  • the error detector in its preferred form may be used for example in the following ways.
  • the relays for example grid-controlled gasdischarge cubes, operated by the error detector working gap is made as small as,4 possible without may control selectively the heating current to a pa'ir of coils or other resistances for the heating of bimetallic members coupled mechanically to a movable element for adjusting the capacity of the resonator.
  • Fig. 2 of the drawing where A, B, C, D, E comprise a resonator of the same form as in Fig. 1.
  • ns C are slidable in the cylinder A and are carried by a rod fixed at its upper end and consisting of two lengths of biinetallic strip N welded together at M.
  • Each strip has a heating coil P and they are arranged to bend in opposite directions.
  • Another method is to feed the outputs of the A wave detectors or rectiers of the error detector to voltage amplifiers the outputs of which are applied to piezo-electric crystals the thickness-of which 'determines the capacity at the working gap.
  • silvercoated quartz plates Q are provided. Each quartz plate has one face fixed with respect to xed iins CI, DI while the other face carries or engages a pair f sliding ns C or D.
  • the thickness of one quartz plate is increased by applying to it the output of one voltage amplier the effective capacity is increased by the movement of the corresponding pair of fins C or D.
  • the thickness t of the other may ibe decreased to decrease the effective capacity.
  • auxiliary resonators a. single 'diierential voltage for control purposes may be'employed using the principles adoptedfor example, in automatic frequency correction systems in radio receivers.
  • the single differential voltage suitably amplified or the amplified -output of an error detector employing but one auxiliary resonator .may be applied to a single crystal or to each of a number of crystals mounted in some such way as that' described with reference to Fig.3.
  • the methods of frequency stabilisation described are applicable in various types of electron discharge apparatus using low loss hollow resonators or circuits of the tuned cavity type. Where two such resonators or circuits are involved stabilisation is useful in tending to prevent differences arising in the resonant frequencies dur' ing operation. In .any case frequency drift is highly undesirable'in the majority of applications of the apparatus.-
  • a substantially closed hollow conductive bodyresonant at a very high frequency said body including an adjustable element for changing the resonant frequency of said body, said adjustable element including bimetallic members to move said element, heating coil means for said bi-metallic members, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency greater than the frequency of said body, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency less than the frequency of said body, and rectifier means controlling said heating coil means in response to said first mentioned means to cause said adj ustable element to move in one sense and in response to said second mentioned means to move said element in a .sense opposed to said iirst sense.
  • a substantially closed hollow conductive body resonant to a very high frequency, having inward extensions forming an electron passage through said body, at least one of said extensions being arranged slidably in said body for changing the resonant frequency of said body, said slidable extension engaging a, piezoelectric crystal, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency greater than the frequency of said body, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency less than the frequency of said body, said crystal being connected with vthe output ⁇ of said rectifier means, said rectier means being responsive to said first mentioned means to cause said slidable extension to move in one sense and responsive to said second Vmentionedmeans to move said slidable extension in a sense opposed to said first sense.
  • an electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulated type including a, substantially ⁇ closed hollow conductive body resonant to a very high frequency having inward extensions forming an electron passage through said body, at least one of said extensions being arranged slidably inv said body, frequency comparison means to produce control energy corresponding to deviations from said frequency, control means comprising an integral control member, an electrically'rel sponsive body; for transforming electrical changes lint() dimensional changes, said electrically responsive body engaging said slidable extension to change the inward length thereof in accordance with dimensional changes of said electrically responsive body in response to said control energy and in a. sense tending to maintain the resonant frequency of said hollow conductive body constant.
  • Vsaid integral control member consists of a bi-metallic thermostat having an electrical heater for changing the dimension thereof .f
  • integral control member consists of a. piezo-electrlccrystal having electrode connections for changing the dimensions thereof.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Description

' May l, 1945.
J. H. FREMLIN ELECTRON DISCHARGE APPARATUS Filed Nov. 27, 1940 Fig. I.
/NVEN T02 Patented May 1,' 1945A 2,314,810 ELacrnoN DISCHARGE APPARATUS .,Jolm' Beaver Fremlin, London W.C.2, England, as signor to International Standard Electric Corporation, New York, N. Y.
Application November 27, 1940, Serial No. 367,402 In Great Britain December 22, 1939 claims. (ci. 315-5) I This invention relates to electron discharge apparatus for operation at very high frequencies and has as one vof its objects to stabilise the resonant frequency of hollow resonators used in such apparatus and as another object to modulate the frequency of Vsuch resonators. l
.The features of the invention have particular application i-n electron discharge apparatus of the velocity-modulated type especially the apparatus disclosed in my Patent No. 2,320,860, issued June 1, 1943.
In accordance with -one part ofthe invention means are provided responsive to changes' in the dimensions or resonant frequency of a substantially closed hollow resonator for modifying the dimensions in a sense tending to maintain the resonant frequency constant. J
According to another part of the invention, there is provided means such as a piezoelectric crystal adapted when excited by a modulating voltage to modify the dimensions of a substantially closed hollow resonator and thereby to modulate the lnatural frequency.
On one aspect of the invention, different portions of the resonatorare constructed of conductive material having different temperature coeflicients of expansion so that the resonant frequency is substantially'independent of tempera-A ture.
An arrangement in accordance with this aspect is shown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawing.
Other aspects of the invention will hereinafter be pointed out or'will become apparent from a reading of the following specification in conjunction with the drawing included herewith. In said drawing- Fig. 1 is a section through a resonator arranged in accordance with'the said co-pending application; and Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are illustrative showings of embodiments in accordance with the invention.
The resonatorof Fig. 1 may a section of coaxial conductor transmission line short-circuited at its ends and is constituted by inner. and outer co-axial copper cylinders A and B connected together byl end-discs (not shown) and having Aa group of slots through the walls along a common diameter providing a passage for electrons focused in a beam from a cathode H to a col-` lecting anode F. The slots are provided with result of velocity modulation at the gap between D and E, yield up energy to the resonator. This unduly increasing the capacity between the cylinders A and B. Consequently variation of the length of this gap has a large effect upon the frequency of the resonator.
It is now proposed to make the ns C of Invar or other metal having a low thermal expansion, that is, having a-low temperature co-eiiicient of expansion and to connect them, at their outer ends only, to flanges L extending from `the cylinder A, the flanges L being of metal such as copper having higher thermal expansion, that is, having a higher temperature coefficient of expansion than age which varies in amplitude with changes in the ns C. When during` operationv of the .'discharge device the temperature of the resonator rises the radial dimensions of cylinders A and B increase tending to lower the resonant frequency. The copper flanges L=also increase in length, and the fins C which have relativelynegligble expansion are'drawn outwardly/"Thereby the ca.- pacity of the working gap is decreased and the decrease in frequency due to thermal expansionis partially or wholly compensated.
In another aspect of the invention a frequency-error-detector is employed to set up a control voltage or current for correcting'the resonant frequency of a resonator.
The error detector may comprise an auxiliary resonator loosely coupled to the mainv resonator and tuned to a frequency slightly different from the operative resonant frequency of the mainL resonator. From the auxiliary resonator a voltres'onant frequency of the main resonator is obtrainedv4 and this can be rectified and utilised to 7 vary continuously the dimensions of the main resonator in compensating sense.
Preferably the error detector comprises a pair of auxiliary resonators coupled to the mainresonatorand tuned respectively slightly above and below the voperative resonant frequency. YThe outputs of the auxiliary resonators are fed to ployed las error detectors should be of substan'l tially constant frequency. It is usually possible to maintain them at substantially constant temperature'but in any case they may be made of invar or the like copper-plated internally. The error detector in its preferred form may be used for example in the following ways.
The relays, for example grid-controlled gasdischarge cubes, operated by the error detector working gap is made as small as,4 possible without may control selectively the heating current to a pa'ir of coils or other resistances for the heating of bimetallic members coupled mechanically to a movable element for adjusting the capacity of the resonator. One arrangement is shown in Fig. 2 of the drawing where A, B, C, D, E comprise a resonator of the same form as in Fig. 1.
The ns C are slidable in the cylinder A and are carried by a rod fixed at its upper end and consisting of two lengths of biinetallic strip N welded together at M. Each strip has a heating coil P and they are arranged to bend in opposite directions. When the frequency of 'the resonator increases the auxiliary resonator tuned above the operative resonant frequency'supplies a Acurrent to its associated rectifier which triggers the gas discharge relay to supply heating current to the coil effective upon that bimetallic strip which opcrates to increase the working gap between fins C and D. Should the frequency of the resonator fall below its desired operative value the other auxiliary resonator is effectivev to decrease the gap to a sufcient degree to correct the frequency.
Another method is to feed the outputs of the A wave detectors or rectiers of the error detector to voltage amplifiers the outputs of which are applied to piezo-electric crystals the thickness-of which 'determines the capacity at the working gap. As shown in Fig.- 3 of the drawing silvercoated quartz plates Q are provided. Each quartz plate has one face fixed with respect to xed iins CI, DI while the other face carries or engages a pair f sliding ns C or D. When the thickness of one quartz plate is increased by applying to it the output of one voltage amplier the effective capacity is increased by the movement of the corresponding pair of fins C or D. 'The thickness t of the other may ibe decreased to decrease the effective capacity.
Methods of deriving from the two auxiliary resonators a. single 'diierential voltage for control purposes, as shown in Fig. 4, may be'employed using the principles adoptedfor example, in automatic frequency correction systems in radio receivers. The single differential voltage suitably amplified or the amplified -output of an error detector employing but one auxiliary resonator .may be applied to a single crystal or to each of a number of crystals mounted in some such way as that' described with reference to Fig.3.
The methods of frequency stabilisation described are applicable in various types of electron discharge apparatus using low loss hollow resonators or circuits of the tuned cavity type. Where two such resonators or circuits are involved stabilisation is useful in tending to prevent differences arising in the resonant frequencies dur' ing operation. In .any case frequency drift is highly undesirable'in the majority of applications of the apparatus.-
yIt will be apparent that those forms of frequency stabilisers which can operate rapidly and without lag under the control of a varying voltage, for example that described with reference to Fig.
3, can alternatively be employed for frequency the use of Rochelle salt crystals instead of quartz if the modulation frequency is not too great.
What is claimed is:
1. In an electron discharge apparatus' of the velocity modulated type a substantially closed hollow conductive bodyresonant at a very high frequency, said body including an adjustable element for changing the resonant frequency of said body, said adjustable element including bimetallic members to move said element, heating coil means for said bi-metallic members, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency greater than the frequency of said body, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency less than the frequency of said body, and rectifier means controlling said heating coil means in response to said first mentioned means to cause said adj ustable element to move in one sense and in response to said second mentioned means to move said element in a .sense opposed to said iirst sense.
2. In an electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulatedv type a substantially closed hollow conductive body resonant to a very high frequency, having inward extensions forming an electron passage through said body, at least one of said extensions being arranged slidably in said body for changing the resonant frequency of said body, said slidable extension engaging a, piezoelectric crystal, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency greater than the frequency of said body, means connected to the output of said body and responsive to a frequency less than the frequency of said body, said crystal being connected with vthe output `of said rectifier means, said rectier means being responsive to said first mentioned means to cause said slidable extension to move in one sense and responsive to said second Vmentionedmeans to move said slidable extension in a sense opposed to said first sense.
`3. In an electron discharge apparatus of the velocity modulated type, including a, substantially `closed hollow conductive body resonant to a very high frequency having inward extensions forming an electron passage through said body, at least one of said extensions being arranged slidably inv said body, frequency comparison means to produce control energy corresponding to deviations from said frequency, control means comprising an integral control member, an electrically'rel sponsive body; for transforming electrical changes lint() dimensional changes, said electrically responsive body engaging said slidable extension to change the inward length thereof in accordance with dimensional changes of said electrically responsive body in response to said control energy and in a. sense tending to maintain the resonant frequency of said hollow conductive body constant. y,
4. In an electron discharge 'apparatus in accordance withclaim 3, in which Vsaid integral control member consists of a bi-metallic thermostat having an electrical heater for changing the dimension thereof .f
5. In an electron discharge apparatus in accordance with claim 3, in whichsaid integral control member consists of a. piezo-electrlccrystal having electrode connections for changing the dimensions thereof. i JOHN BEAVER PREMLIN.
US367402A 1939-12-22 1940-11-27 Electron discharge apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2374810A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3281439T 1939-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2374810A true US2374810A (en) 1945-05-01

Family

ID=42635176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US367402A Expired - Lifetime US2374810A (en) 1939-12-22 1940-11-27 Electron discharge apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2374810A (en)
FR (1) FR933985A (en)
GB (1) GB537518A (en)

Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2429295A (en) * 1943-03-13 1947-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tuning means for magnetrons
US2434293A (en) * 1943-05-11 1948-01-13 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Frequency control of an oscillator of the velocity modulation type
US2436640A (en) * 1942-05-07 1948-02-24 Nils Georg Schonander Device for the frequency modulation of the resonant frequency of cavity resonators
US2436700A (en) * 1944-01-29 1948-02-24 Philco Corp Cavity resonator oscillator
US2452078A (en) * 1944-05-24 1948-10-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Thermally tunable electron discharge device
US2462857A (en) * 1942-05-19 1949-03-01 Sperry Corp Automatic tuning control system
US2463472A (en) * 1945-03-16 1949-03-01 Premier Crystal Lab Inc Cavity resonator
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2475074A (en) * 1944-08-31 1949-07-05 Philco Corp Frequency stabilizing system
US2477616A (en) * 1944-01-24 1949-08-02 Sperry Corp Thermally actuated frequency control
US2480462A (en) * 1944-01-07 1949-08-30 Western Electric Co Tunable magnetron
US2493091A (en) * 1946-04-06 1950-01-03 Rca Corp Frequency modulation system
US2503266A (en) * 1943-08-11 1950-04-11 Sperry Corp Frequency stabilization apparatus
US2507426A (en) * 1944-05-03 1950-05-09 Automatic Elect Lab Electrical resonator
US2510026A (en) * 1946-04-05 1950-05-30 Rca Corp Frequency modulation system for microwave generators
US2511106A (en) * 1942-05-07 1950-06-13 Fredholm Johan Olof Helge Gas-filled cavity resonator
US2513296A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device, including tunable cavity resonator
US2513371A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermally tunable cavity resonator electron discharge device
US2513277A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device, including a tunable cavity resonator
US2513359A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2515280A (en) * 1943-11-25 1950-07-18 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure with frequency control
US2521700A (en) * 1946-03-09 1950-09-12 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Oscillator control system
US2521763A (en) * 1944-01-21 1950-09-12 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type
US2530979A (en) * 1945-09-27 1950-11-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Radio frequency control system
US2545297A (en) * 1946-03-13 1951-03-13 Mittelmann Eugene Oscillation frequency control
US2550634A (en) * 1947-04-03 1951-04-24 Autophon Ag Device for phase modulation
US2562304A (en) * 1945-10-03 1951-07-31 Durand Eric Automatic frequency control system
US2564005A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-08-14 Halpern Julius Automatic frequency control system
US2566478A (en) * 1945-04-06 1951-09-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2568325A (en) * 1940-07-11 1951-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ultra high frequency generator
US2575334A (en) * 1944-03-14 1951-11-20 Sperry Corp High-frequency tuning apparatus
US2584717A (en) * 1945-11-28 1952-02-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of forming a cavity resonator
US2586497A (en) * 1942-05-19 1952-02-19 Sperry Corp Automatic frequency control system
US2587303A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-02-26 Rca Corp Mean frequency control of frequency-modulated oscillators
US2591907A (en) * 1945-02-27 1952-04-08 Emi Ltd Thermally adjustable electrical device enclosed within envelopes
US2593463A (en) * 1946-06-21 1952-04-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency stabilized microwave oscillator
US2604605A (en) * 1942-01-29 1952-07-22 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure
US2606302A (en) * 1949-03-30 1952-08-05 Sperry Corp Temperature compensated cavity resonator structure
US2608671A (en) * 1946-02-08 1952-08-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type
US2650324A (en) * 1949-01-19 1953-08-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Self-tuning klystron
US2667623A (en) * 1946-01-08 1954-01-26 Edward G Martin Cavity tuner
US2711514A (en) * 1948-10-27 1955-06-21 Rines Robert Harvey Wave guide modulation system
US2789226A (en) * 1946-03-21 1957-04-16 George H Nibbe Automatic frequency control system
US2795764A (en) * 1954-01-14 1957-06-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Temperature compensated reference cavity
US2853646A (en) * 1954-06-07 1958-09-23 Jr Wilson S Geisler Electron discharge device
US2856556A (en) * 1954-10-21 1958-10-14 Bendix Aviat Corp Electron discharge device

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2454306A (en) * 1948-11-23 clifford et au
BE479787A (en) * 1941-12-12
US2493046A (en) * 1942-08-03 1950-01-03 Sperry Corp High-frequency electroexpansive tuning apparatus
US2540142A (en) * 1942-10-17 1951-02-06 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure and system
GB586275A (en) * 1942-12-04 1947-03-13 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Improvements in or relating to ultra high frequency electric oscillators
US2449090A (en) * 1943-02-11 1948-09-14 Raytheon Mfg Co Temperature compensated magnetron
US2515213A (en) * 1943-05-20 1950-07-18 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency communication system
US2426193A (en) * 1943-06-17 1947-08-26 Rca Corp Radio transmitter automatic volume control
US2454265A (en) * 1943-11-06 1948-11-16 Sperry Corp Automatic frequency control system
US2682623A (en) * 1943-12-06 1954-06-29 Univ Leland Stanford Junior Electrical frequency control apparatus
US2562943A (en) * 1943-12-30 1951-08-07 Sperry Corp Frequency control apparatus
US2492993A (en) * 1944-01-22 1950-01-03 Sperry Corp Tuning means for high-frequency devices
US2521719A (en) * 1944-03-14 1950-09-12 Sperry Corp High-frequency electron discharge apparatus frequency control
BE473432A (en) * 1944-08-08
US2468141A (en) * 1944-10-12 1949-04-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron discharge device
US2566479A (en) * 1946-08-30 1951-09-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2501152A (en) * 1946-09-05 1950-03-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron

Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2568325A (en) * 1940-07-11 1951-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Ultra high frequency generator
US2604605A (en) * 1942-01-29 1952-07-22 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure
US2436640A (en) * 1942-05-07 1948-02-24 Nils Georg Schonander Device for the frequency modulation of the resonant frequency of cavity resonators
US2511106A (en) * 1942-05-07 1950-06-13 Fredholm Johan Olof Helge Gas-filled cavity resonator
US2462857A (en) * 1942-05-19 1949-03-01 Sperry Corp Automatic tuning control system
US2586497A (en) * 1942-05-19 1952-02-19 Sperry Corp Automatic frequency control system
US2429295A (en) * 1943-03-13 1947-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Tuning means for magnetrons
US2434293A (en) * 1943-05-11 1948-01-13 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Frequency control of an oscillator of the velocity modulation type
US2503266A (en) * 1943-08-11 1950-04-11 Sperry Corp Frequency stabilization apparatus
US2515280A (en) * 1943-11-25 1950-07-18 Sperry Corp High-frequency tube structure with frequency control
US2480462A (en) * 1944-01-07 1949-08-30 Western Electric Co Tunable magnetron
US2521763A (en) * 1944-01-21 1950-09-12 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type
US2477616A (en) * 1944-01-24 1949-08-02 Sperry Corp Thermally actuated frequency control
US2436700A (en) * 1944-01-29 1948-02-24 Philco Corp Cavity resonator oscillator
US2575334A (en) * 1944-03-14 1951-11-20 Sperry Corp High-frequency tuning apparatus
US2507426A (en) * 1944-05-03 1950-05-09 Automatic Elect Lab Electrical resonator
US2452078A (en) * 1944-05-24 1948-10-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Thermally tunable electron discharge device
US2475064A (en) * 1944-08-08 1949-07-05 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Ultra high frequency mixer circuit
US2475074A (en) * 1944-08-31 1949-07-05 Philco Corp Frequency stabilizing system
US2513277A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device, including a tunable cavity resonator
US2513359A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device of the cavity resonator type
US2513371A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Thermally tunable cavity resonator electron discharge device
US2513296A (en) * 1945-02-01 1950-07-04 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device, including tunable cavity resonator
US2591907A (en) * 1945-02-27 1952-04-08 Emi Ltd Thermally adjustable electrical device enclosed within envelopes
US2463472A (en) * 1945-03-16 1949-03-01 Premier Crystal Lab Inc Cavity resonator
US2566478A (en) * 1945-04-06 1951-09-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2564005A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-08-14 Halpern Julius Automatic frequency control system
US2530979A (en) * 1945-09-27 1950-11-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Radio frequency control system
US2562304A (en) * 1945-10-03 1951-07-31 Durand Eric Automatic frequency control system
US2584717A (en) * 1945-11-28 1952-02-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of forming a cavity resonator
US2667623A (en) * 1946-01-08 1954-01-26 Edward G Martin Cavity tuner
US2608671A (en) * 1946-02-08 1952-08-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Electron discharge device of the electron velocity modulation type
US2521700A (en) * 1946-03-09 1950-09-12 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Oscillator control system
US2545297A (en) * 1946-03-13 1951-03-13 Mittelmann Eugene Oscillation frequency control
US2789226A (en) * 1946-03-21 1957-04-16 George H Nibbe Automatic frequency control system
US2510026A (en) * 1946-04-05 1950-05-30 Rca Corp Frequency modulation system for microwave generators
US2493091A (en) * 1946-04-06 1950-01-03 Rca Corp Frequency modulation system
US2593463A (en) * 1946-06-21 1952-04-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Frequency stabilized microwave oscillator
US2587303A (en) * 1946-09-06 1952-02-26 Rca Corp Mean frequency control of frequency-modulated oscillators
US2550634A (en) * 1947-04-03 1951-04-24 Autophon Ag Device for phase modulation
US2711514A (en) * 1948-10-27 1955-06-21 Rines Robert Harvey Wave guide modulation system
US2650324A (en) * 1949-01-19 1953-08-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Self-tuning klystron
US2606302A (en) * 1949-03-30 1952-08-05 Sperry Corp Temperature compensated cavity resonator structure
US2795764A (en) * 1954-01-14 1957-06-11 Westinghouse Electric Corp Temperature compensated reference cavity
US2853646A (en) * 1954-06-07 1958-09-23 Jr Wilson S Geisler Electron discharge device
US2856556A (en) * 1954-10-21 1958-10-14 Bendix Aviat Corp Electron discharge device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR933985A (en) 1948-05-07
GB537518A (en) 1941-06-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2374810A (en) Electron discharge apparatus
US2304186A (en) Velocity modulated tube
US2404261A (en) Ultra high frequency system
US2706802A (en) Cavity resonator circuit
US2323729A (en) Means for tuning short-wave hollow-body resonator apparatus
US1945545A (en) Frequency control system
US2593463A (en) Frequency stabilized microwave oscillator
US2079809A (en) Electron discharge tube
US2439908A (en) Tuning means for electron discharge devices
US2523031A (en) Tunable ultra high frequency tube with reflector electrode
US2267520A (en) Oscillation generator system
US2436700A (en) Cavity resonator oscillator
US2579820A (en) Ultrahigh-frequency system employing neutralizing probes
US2568325A (en) Ultra high frequency generator
US2421591A (en) Ultra high frequency device of the cavity resonator type
US2404078A (en) Electron discharge device
US2750565A (en) Altimeter modulators
US2493046A (en) High-frequency electroexpansive tuning apparatus
US2513371A (en) Thermally tunable cavity resonator electron discharge device
US2428609A (en) High-frequency electric discharge device
US2452062A (en) Electrical discharge tube
US2104916A (en) Constant radio frequency generator
US2439831A (en) High-frequency apparatus
US2058738A (en) Electrical circuit for cold cathode tubes
US3038098A (en) Electron tube