US2373374A - Cellulosic material - Google Patents

Cellulosic material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2373374A
US2373374A US478557A US47855743A US2373374A US 2373374 A US2373374 A US 2373374A US 478557 A US478557 A US 478557A US 47855743 A US47855743 A US 47855743A US 2373374 A US2373374 A US 2373374A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
thread
cake
drying
rayon
throughout
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US478557A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolph A Bierwirth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR954490D priority Critical patent/FR954490A/fr
Priority to BE475232D priority patent/BE475232A/xx
Priority claimed from GB1664942A external-priority patent/GB563590A/en
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US478557A priority patent/US2373374A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2373374A publication Critical patent/US2373374A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/048—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum in combination with heat developed by electro-magnetic means, e.g. microwave energy
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0418—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment as cakes or similar coreless thread packages
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/06—Washing or drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of materials from viscose or the like, and more particularly to an improved cellulosic product of this part of the cake.
  • strains are set up in the ayers of thread on the outside of the cake.
  • the cellulose is dissolved in a suitable solvent and the does or nozzles to form filaments of the desired shape from which threads, tape, or the like may be formed.
  • These threads or tapes are treated with suitable precipitating chemicals after which they are stretched more or less to impart a gloss or luster thereto.
  • the thread In the wet condition, the thread is rather soft and distended or swollen due to the water contained therein and adhering thereto.
  • the weight of the washed cakes is about three pounds, of which approximately two pounds is water and only one pound is rayon.
  • the cakes must not be heated to a temperature in excess of 140 Fahrenheit or the quality of the rayon will be impaired. At temperatures in the neighborhood of 140 Fahrenheit, the cakes must be exposed to the drying air for about one hundred hours before they are suitably dried.
  • rayon thread changes its physical dimensions with changing moisture content. If wet thread is dried, it shrinks and its length tends to decrease. If the thread is mechanically prevented from resulting solution is forced through shaping orilit shrinking while drying, a strain is set up therein ther inside of'the cake tend to shrink, and the point is reached after a time when the inner part of the cake will not be strong enough to prevent the shrinkage of the relatively outer layers and will collapse and buckle up. Consequently, part of the cake is strained and part is not, so that, when the thread is made up into cloth,'an irregularappearance results with part of the cloth having a higher luster than other parts thereof.
  • the primary object of my present invention is to provide an improved thread of rayon and the like which is free from the objectionable features found in rayon produced by the prior art methods.
  • Another object of my present invention is to provide an improved rayon fabric which is markedly free from glossy stripes or the like which contrast with the remainder of the fabric, as found in the priorart, and which is entirely devoid of shiners," or lengths of thread having 8! portions which possess a high gloss in contrast to the surrounding and relatively dull cloth.
  • a further object of my present invention is to provide an improved fabric of artificial silk or the like which is uniform in appearance throughout, and which has a uniform weave.
  • Figure 2 is a section or length of thread formed according to the prior art
  • Figure 3 is a fragment of a piece of fabric woven from thread such as that shown in Figure 2,
  • Figure 4 is a viewsimilar to Figure 2 but showing a length of thread formed in accordance with my present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a fragment of a piece of fabric woven from my improved thread. 7
  • a container I providing a chamber which may be suitably evacuated by a vacuum pump or the like 3 connected to a chamber 1 through a condenser 5.
  • a vacuum pump or the like 3 connected to a chamber 1 through a condenser 5.
  • a condenser 5 Within the chamber I are a pair of spaced and prefervided with a plurality of insulated legs l8 which rest on the floor of the container I.
  • the material to be dried such as the "cake of rayon 20, is placed on the electrode 9 and the electrode 1 is placed on top of the cake whereby the cake is disposed between each of the electrodes I and 9.
  • the vacuum pump 3 is preferably operated to produce a vacuum of not less than 29 inches of mercury in the container I; and radio frequency voltage of the order of megacycles per second is then applied to the electrodes I and 9 from the oscillator I I.
  • the dielectric losses in the cake 20 serve to heat the cake and thereby evaporate or drive off the moisture therefrom, the heat being applied uniformly and concurrently to all portions or layers of the thread forming the cake 20.
  • the condenser 5 serves to condense the water vapor which is removed from. the cake 20.
  • Figure 2 which represents a length of thread formed according to the drying methods of the prior art
  • the thread is characterized by a section or portion 2! which, being on the outside of the cake, has been placed under tension and 0 therefore has a relatively higher luster than the remaining portion 22 of the thread, as well as being of somewhat smaller cross section than the portion 22.
  • the fabric represented in Figure 3 and made up of the warp threads 23 and the a weft threads 24 is formed by weaving the threads 50 tion 2
  • FIG 4 there is shown a length of thread 25 formed in accordance with my present invention. It will be. noted that the thread is uniform in thickness and uniform in gloss throughout its entire length.
  • the fabric 25 of Figure 5 which is woven from the thread 25 has a. uniform appearance throughout its entire length first because it is entirely devoid of shiny stripes, and secondly because the interstices therein are of uniform dimensions.
  • a cellulose thread of sufilcient length to produce a spool-like cake weighing in. the neighborhood of one pound when dry and having substantially uniform physical and optical properties throughout its entire length, said thread resulting from the uniform drying of said cake concurrently throughout its entire mass by heat developed therein by dielectric losses produced in said cake by a high frequency electric field in which said'cake is immersed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
US478557A 1941-12-27 1943-03-09 Cellulosic material Expired - Lifetime US2373374A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR954490D FR954490A (xx) 1941-12-27
BE475232D BE475232A (xx) 1941-12-27
US478557A US2373374A (en) 1941-12-27 1943-03-09 Cellulosic material

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US42467941A 1941-12-27 1941-12-27
GB1664942A GB563590A (en) 1942-11-24 1942-11-24 Improvements in or relating to artificial silk or the like and the manufacture thereof
US478557A US2373374A (en) 1941-12-27 1943-03-09 Cellulosic material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2373374A true US2373374A (en) 1945-04-10

Family

ID=32110569

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US478557A Expired - Lifetime US2373374A (en) 1941-12-27 1943-03-09 Cellulosic material

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2373374A (xx)
BE (1) BE475232A (xx)
FR (1) FR954490A (xx)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448032A (en) * 1944-06-28 1948-08-31 American Viscose Corp Textile fabric
US2635352A (en) * 1948-06-24 1953-04-21 American Viscose Corp Method of drying wound packages
US2715309A (en) * 1950-05-31 1955-08-16 Rosenstein Nathan Synthetic continuous filament yarn in the continuous filament yarn state
US3022564A (en) * 1957-06-06 1962-02-27 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for removing protruding fibers from spun thermoplastic linear polymer yarns
US3071806A (en) * 1958-01-29 1963-01-08 Celanese Corp Wet spinning column and process
US3264747A (en) * 1964-05-13 1966-08-09 Pennsalt Chemical Corp Method and apparatus for continuous freeze drying
US3986268A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-10-19 Drywood Corporation Process and apparatus for seasoning wood
US4163840A (en) * 1975-05-09 1979-08-07 Fiber Associates, Inc. Process and apparatus for making alkali cellulose in sheet form
US4269973A (en) * 1975-05-09 1981-05-26 Fiber Associates, Inc. Process and apparatus for making alkali cellulose in sheet form
US4275195A (en) * 1975-05-09 1981-06-23 Fiber Associates Process and apparatus for expediting the mercerization of alkali cellulose
US20050223590A1 (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-10-13 Erickson Robert W Restraining device for reducing warp in lumber during drying
US20130091722A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2013-04-18 Kwok Fai Lam Microwave Dryer and Microwave Drying Method
US10823502B2 (en) * 2013-08-14 2020-11-03 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11029088B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-06-08 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US11078619B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2021-08-03 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US11459696B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2022-10-04 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11519130B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2022-12-06 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US11655583B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2023-05-23 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448032A (en) * 1944-06-28 1948-08-31 American Viscose Corp Textile fabric
US2635352A (en) * 1948-06-24 1953-04-21 American Viscose Corp Method of drying wound packages
US2715309A (en) * 1950-05-31 1955-08-16 Rosenstein Nathan Synthetic continuous filament yarn in the continuous filament yarn state
US3022564A (en) * 1957-06-06 1962-02-27 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for removing protruding fibers from spun thermoplastic linear polymer yarns
US3071806A (en) * 1958-01-29 1963-01-08 Celanese Corp Wet spinning column and process
US3264747A (en) * 1964-05-13 1966-08-09 Pennsalt Chemical Corp Method and apparatus for continuous freeze drying
US3986268A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-10-19 Drywood Corporation Process and apparatus for seasoning wood
US4163840A (en) * 1975-05-09 1979-08-07 Fiber Associates, Inc. Process and apparatus for making alkali cellulose in sheet form
US4269973A (en) * 1975-05-09 1981-05-26 Fiber Associates, Inc. Process and apparatus for making alkali cellulose in sheet form
US4275195A (en) * 1975-05-09 1981-06-23 Fiber Associates Process and apparatus for expediting the mercerization of alkali cellulose
US20050223590A1 (en) * 2004-04-12 2005-10-13 Erickson Robert W Restraining device for reducing warp in lumber during drying
US7987614B2 (en) * 2004-04-12 2011-08-02 Erickson Robert W Restraining device for reducing warp in lumber during drying
US20130091722A1 (en) * 2010-07-23 2013-04-18 Kwok Fai Lam Microwave Dryer and Microwave Drying Method
US9435585B2 (en) * 2010-07-23 2016-09-06 Kwok Fai Lam Microwave dryer and microwave drying method
US11655583B2 (en) 2013-07-17 2023-05-23 Whirlpool Corporation Method for drying articles
US10823502B2 (en) * 2013-08-14 2020-11-03 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11459696B2 (en) 2013-08-23 2022-10-04 Whirlpool Corporation Appliance for drying articles
US11029088B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2021-06-08 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US11686037B2 (en) 2013-10-02 2023-06-27 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for drying articles
US11519130B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2022-12-06 Whirlpool Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting an energized e-field
US11078619B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2021-08-03 Whirlpool Corporation Apparatus for drying articles
US11692298B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2023-07-04 Whirlpool Corporation Method of drying articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE475232A (xx)
FR954490A (xx) 1950-01-03

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