US2371513A - Material cooler - Google Patents

Material cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
US2371513A
US2371513A US503467A US50346743A US2371513A US 2371513 A US2371513 A US 2371513A US 503467 A US503467 A US 503467A US 50346743 A US50346743 A US 50346743A US 2371513 A US2371513 A US 2371513A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
grates
cooling
air
grate
bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US503467A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph B Gaffney
Joseph Bryan Gaffney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuller Co
Original Assignee
Fuller Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuller Co filed Critical Fuller Co
Priority to US503467A priority Critical patent/US2371513A/en
Priority to GB18209/44A priority patent/GB580583A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2371513A publication Critical patent/US2371513A/en
Priority to DK154146AA priority patent/DK77239C/da
Priority to FR938505D priority patent/FR938505A/fr
Priority to ES0181427A priority patent/ES181427A1/es
Priority to DEP29008D priority patent/DE928698C/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/16—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on vibratory sieves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F27D15/022—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate grate plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/001—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium being a fluid other than a gas
    • F27D2009/0013—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium being a fluid other than a gas the fluid being water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F27D15/022—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate grate plates
    • F27D2015/0226—Support, fixation of the grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F27D2015/0246—Combination of fixed and movable grates
    • F27D2015/0253—Gradin grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0206—Cooling with means to convey the charge
    • F27D15/0213—Cooling with means to convey the charge comprising a cooling grate
    • F27D2015/026—Means to discharge the fines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/007—Partitions
    • F27D2099/0071—Partitions used as registers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to material cooling and more particularly to the rapid air quenching oi Portland cement clinker, ore nodules, and lime in varied particle size as issuing from rotary kilns in which the material is burned.
  • the apparatus of the invention is an improvement upon that of United States Patent No. 2,137,158, granted November 15, 1938, to which reference may be had for a complete statement of the general problem of cooling Portland cement clinker.
  • the principal cooling elements in the patented structure comprise a series of overlapping, horizontal water-cooled grates, with Vfixed grates alternating with laterally movable reciprocating grates.
  • the moving grates serve to agitate the bed continuously and to cause the individual parv ticles of material being cooled to be rolled and overturned as they advance toward the discharge port at the lower end of the grate assembly.
  • -slope formed by the leading edges of the grates is preferably relatively flat and well within the angle of repose of the material so that incoming particles will not roll freely down over the grates, a slope of about l2 degrees being usually provided.
  • Each grate is provided with a multiplicity of vertical air ports, which are alternately covered and uncovered, as the moving grates are reciprocated, and air is forced through these ports upwardly through the clinker bed.
  • the xed and moving grates are also vertically spaced, usually about one-quarter of an inch, to provide a horiso that the necessary volume of air can be forced through and between the grates at and adjacent to the entrance to the chamber to reduce the temperature of the material abruptly.
  • the rest of the requirement of secondary air is preferably proportioned and distributed through the remainder of the clinker bed to provide for a maximum heat recovery relative to the optimum volume of air.
  • the preheated secondary air passes freely upward to a bustle above the chamber, from which it enters the kiln.
  • the material particles are subjected to Vblasts of cold air, and as they are continuously agitated and overturned as they advance from grate to grate, the cold blasts of air impinging upon the particles from two directions provide for abrupt and uniform cooling.
  • the space in the cooling chamber below the grates forms a wind-box supplied by a fan having the capacity to deliver a volume ofair at least equal to the kiln requirement of secondary air forl combustion and at suiilcient pressure, usually about 5 inches of water, to overcome the resistance of the grates and the material stream.
  • the wind-box is preferably provided with transverse barangs forming compartments which may be separately supplied with air in varying quantities succeeding portions of the clinlrer bed by the above described proportioning of volume ow of air, the degree of agitation may be modied by adjusting the throw or extent of lateral movement of the moving grates and the rate of travel of the bed and its function, the time of exposure in the cooling chamber, may be modified by changing the rate of movement of the grates.
  • the best means of preventing the cascading or avalanche action of the hot material was found to be the addition of an upwardly inclined toe portion to the outer edge of the tread of the step.
  • This toe portion was found to be most satisfactory when of about the same area as the tread of the step, inclined upwardly from the plane of the tread at an angle of about 30 degrees, and provided with air holes for additional more rapid cooling ofthe clinker. While the cascading eil'ect is most prevalent in the upper or hot half of the clinker stream, it is contemplated that the toe portion may be added to all the grates if desired.
  • Fig. l is a fragmentary elevation in section of the apparatus with some of the conventional parts only partially shown.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of one of the individual grates.
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical section along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
  • a conventional rotary kiln l is normally closed and sealed by a refractory-lined hood 2, having a relatively large circular opening 3 communicating with an arch-shaped refractory lined bustle 4.
  • Bustle 4 is somewhat longer than is usual and is provided with an open bottom 5 registering with a passage 6 opening into cooling chamber 1.
  • Hot material as discharged from kiln I falls through narrow chute II which is displaced transversely toward the rising side of kiln I.
  • the bottom of chute II is closed by shelf I2 which is air-cooled by means of radiating fins I3.
  • shelf I2 which is air-cooled by means of radiating fins I3.
  • the grate assembly comprises alternately xed grates I6 and movable grates I1.
  • Fixed grates I6 are rigidly secured to a stationary frame comprising inclined channels I8 secured by upright supports 20 and 2l to lower frame members 22 which rest on ledges 24. Suitable transverse bracing is provided as at 25 and 26.
  • Movable grates II are mounted on a moving frame comprising inclined side members 29 suitably braced and carrying uprights 32 to which movable grates I1 are secured. Members 29 are movably mounted on axles 33 and 34.
  • the desired reciprocating motion of the movable frame may be conveniently accomplished by two spaced eccentrics comprising eccentric rods 44 pivotally connected to a horizontal shaft 45 secured to the movable frame members 29.
  • Rods 44 pass through slots in the rear wall of chamber 1 and terminate in straps 48 surrounding the eccentric discs 49.
  • a common crankshaft mounts sprocket Wheel 50 driven through chain 5I by a variable speed motor and speed reducer indicated generally at 52. It will be noted that the grates I1 move in parallel horizontal planes between the fixed grates I6 and that the extent of the movement or throw depends upon the eccentricity of the discs 49 on the crank-shaft.
  • The' maximum practical advance of the movable grates is substantially one-half their width, at which point the rear edge of each moving grate is covered by the leading edge o! the fixed grate above it, thereby avoiding passage of. line clinker between the grates. It will be understood that the rate of travel of the bed, and consequently its thickness can be varied by changing the speed of the motor 52.
  • the fixed and moving grates are substantially similar, and may be gray iron castings reinforced by steel rods 53, the forward or leading edges of the fixed grates I6 and the forward and side edges of the movable grates I1 preferably being hardened as by chilling to resist the wear of the highlyabrasive clinker.
  • the forward discharge portion of grates I6 and I'I is provided with an upwardly inclined," smooth-surfaced toe portion which occupies about of the total width of the grate and has a top surface making an angle of about 20 to about 30 with the plane of the grate.
  • the portion At its free edge, the portion has a thickness preferably somewhat more than 50% greater than the thickness of the grate along the opposite edge thereof and the increased thickness of the grate at its forward edge, resulting from the provision of the toe portion. causes the material to fall through a greater distance in passing from one grate to the next. This results in increased cooling action. While in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, only the grate members near the entrance end of the cooler are provided with toe portions, it will be evident that such grates may be used throughout the cooler, if desired.
  • Each of the grates is provided with a plurality of ports or orifices 60 substantially perpendicular to its clinker supporting face, conical in shape, and widening downwardly so that they will not be plugged by small particles of clinker.
  • the alter- 40 nate grates are spaced about one-quarter of an inch to form horizontal passageways for air from the lower portion of chamber 1 which forms the wind-box.
  • the forward or discharge end of the cooling chamber 1 is closed below the grate assembly by a refractory wall 6I upon which the lowermost fixed grate rests.
  • the secondary combustion air is the cooling medium and is supplied to the windbox portion of the chamber 1 through the duct 62 which is in turn supplied by the usual fan, not shown, at a pressure of about five inches of water.
  • the wind-box is preferably provided with at least one transverse baille 63 to form a compartment supplied by the duct 62 through a connection 64.
  • One or more additional bales 68 may be provided to divide the wind-box into additional compartments, whereby the volume flow of air through the remainder of the clinker bed may be proportioned to provide for a maximum of cooling and heat recovery.
  • the clinker discharge from the lowest grate falls between wall 6I and pivotally supported gate or screen 61, the clinker falling into tunnel 68 from which it is removed by conventional means such as a drag chain 69.
  • Outlets 10 normally closed by slide-gates 'II are provided for the convenient discharge of fine clinker particles and dust which accumulate in the wind-box.
  • clinker falls from kiln I through chute II onto shelf I2 and forms a relatively fiat inclined bed on the surfaces of grates I6 and I'I.
  • the bed is advanced by the reciprocation of movable grates I1 and is moved forward to the discharge end at wall 8l at a regular though intermittent rate.
  • the thickness asrnm I of the bed is normally from three to six inches and its rate of travel is controlled by the distance.
  • grates I1 move as well as by the ⁇ speed of movement.
  • Normally eccentric discs 48 are driven at about four to six revolutions per minute.
  • the individual particles arer subjected to continuous agitation and rolling movements and are subjected to air blasts from three directions. ⁇
  • the ports 60 in the rear portion of each grate save the top one are covered and uncovered alternately.
  • the leading edges of the fixed grates I6 force the clinker particles oil the intermediate movable grates I1 onto the fixed grates I6 next below. from which they are subsequently forced during the next forward movement. Any sudden flow or cascading of the molten clinker from rear shelf l2 to wall 6
  • the use of the toe portions on the grates eliminates the necessity of secondary cooling described inthe patent and the aeration of the material and the cooling thereof is so increased by the increase in the fall of the material from one grate to the next that the material can be comfortably picked up at the -last grate in the gloved hand.
  • the use of the grates with the toe portions thus not only prevent avalances of the material through the cooler but also increases the efficiency ofthe cooling action.
  • cooling elements in the chamber comprising a series of spaced over-lapping grates, including fixed grates alternating with movable grates, the upper surfaces of the grates serving to support a y bed of material particles.
  • a cooling chamber having an entrance port for the heated material at one end and a discharge port -at the other end, a downwardly inclined support in the chamber having its upper end adjacent the inlet to receive the material, the upper surface of the support serving to support a substantially flat bed of particles, said support comprising two series of spaced, overlapping, transverse grates, the grates lying in stepped relation with fixed grates a1- ternating with movable grates, means for recip rocating the movable grates to cause the material in the bed to travel downwardly along the support', the grates in the lower seriesV of grate-s having flat supporting surfaces, the grates in the upper series of grates having their forwardV and meansl to admit airy under vpressure to the chamber below the grates to provide air blasts iiowing between the grates and into the material.
  • the grates in the lower series of grates having flatl supporting surfaces
  • the grates in the upper series of grates having their forward portion inclined upwardly with respect to the horizontal in a, manner to form a smooth supporting surface, whereby the vertical height of the discharge portion of those grates is increased and rapid movement of the hottest material particles entering the entrance port is inhibited
  • the grates of each series having air channels therein, and means to admit air under pressure to the chamber below the grates to provide air blasts flowing between and through the grates and into the material.
  • a cooling chamber having an entrance for hot material at one endl and a discharge port at the other, cooling elements in the chamber comprising a series of spaced, generally horizontally-extending, overlapping grates, including xed grates alternating with movable grates, the upper surfaces of the grates serving to support a bed of material particles, means to impart reciprocating movement to the movable grates to agitate and advance the bed of material, the forward portion of at least some of said grates being inclined upwardly with respect to the horizontal a distance sulcient to extend beyond the planes of the bottoms of the next preceding grates, whereby such preceding grates, in the relative movement of the grates, push the material on the next succeeding grates up said inclined portions, and over the forward edges thereof, said upwardlyinclined portions inhibiting rapid movement of the. material particles in the direction of their advance, and means to admit air under vpressure to the chamber below the grates to provide air blasts flowing between the grates and
  • cooling chamber having an entrance for hot material at one end and a discharge port at the other, cooling elements in the chamber comprising a series of spaced, generally horizontally extending,
  • a cooling grate for cement clinker comprising a base member, downwardly extending mounting portions on each end of said base member, said base member having its for-- ward portion upwardly inclined at an angle of substantially 25 to the plane of said base member and increasing its height more than 50%, said base member and said inclined portion having a plurality of air channels through the faces thereof and a reinforcing member embedded longitudinally in said base member and said upwardly inclined portion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
US503467A 1943-09-23 1943-09-23 Material cooler Expired - Lifetime US2371513A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US503467A US2371513A (en) 1943-09-23 1943-09-23 Material cooler
GB18209/44A GB580583A (en) 1943-09-23 1944-09-23 Improvements in material cooler
DK154146AA DK77239C (da) 1943-09-23 1946-04-16 Ovnanlæg.
FR938505D FR938505A (fr) 1943-09-23 1946-12-11 Dispositif de refroidissement des matériaux
ES0181427A ES181427A1 (es) 1943-09-23 1947-12-31 UN APARATO PARA EL ENFRIAMIENTO RáPIDO DE MATERIALES
DEP29008D DE928698C (de) 1943-09-23 1949-01-01 Vorrichtung zur raschen Abkuehlung von erhitztem Material, insbesondere von Portlandzementklinker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US503467A US2371513A (en) 1943-09-23 1943-09-23 Material cooler

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2371513A true US2371513A (en) 1945-03-13

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ID=24002214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US503467A Expired - Lifetime US2371513A (en) 1943-09-23 1943-09-23 Material cooler

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2371513A (fr)
DE (1) DE928698C (fr)
DK (1) DK77239C (fr)
ES (1) ES181427A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR938505A (fr)
GB (1) GB580583A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431799A (en) * 1945-11-08 1947-12-02 Fuller Co Cooler having overlapping replaceable grates
US2846778A (en) * 1957-04-09 1958-08-12 Fuller Co Horizontal heat-exchange apparatus
US4030206A (en) * 1974-06-07 1977-06-21 Claudius Peters Ag Thrust grate such as a heat exchange grate
US4465447A (en) * 1982-02-11 1984-08-14 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Apparatus for continuously extruding and drying/cooling cereal bran

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1032546B (de) * 1955-09-08 1958-06-19 Peters Ag Claudius Treppenrost zum Kuehlen von Sintergut
DE19622636A1 (de) * 1996-06-05 1997-12-11 Krupp Polysius Ag Rostplatte sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Rostplatte

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE660486C (de) * 1934-01-16 1938-05-27 Otto Lellep Dr Ing Vorrichtung zur Waermebehandlung von Gut aller Art, insbesondere zum Kuehlen von Zementklinker
CH193565A (de) * 1936-01-18 1937-10-31 Humboldt Deutzmotoren Aktienge Kühlvorrichtung, insbesondere für Zementklinker.
US2137158A (en) * 1937-12-01 1938-11-15 Fuller Co Clinker cooling

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431799A (en) * 1945-11-08 1947-12-02 Fuller Co Cooler having overlapping replaceable grates
US2846778A (en) * 1957-04-09 1958-08-12 Fuller Co Horizontal heat-exchange apparatus
US4030206A (en) * 1974-06-07 1977-06-21 Claudius Peters Ag Thrust grate such as a heat exchange grate
US4465447A (en) * 1982-02-11 1984-08-14 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Apparatus for continuously extruding and drying/cooling cereal bran

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE928698C (de) 1955-06-10
FR938505A (fr) 1948-10-18
GB580583A (en) 1946-09-12
ES181427A1 (es) 1948-02-16
DK77239C (da) 1954-03-08

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