US2362027A - Communication apparatus - Google Patents

Description

NOV- 7, 1944- E. J. RABENDA COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 NOV- 7, 1944 E. J, RABENDA COMMUNICATION APPARATUS 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 13, 1945 00060 O O O O OOO OO OO OOO OO OO OOG O O GO OO O OO OO O OO O 00e000000000000000000000000 .ndi

Nov. 7, 1944.

E. J. RABENDA COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1945 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 nef?.

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ATTORNEY Nov. 7, 1944.

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E. J. RABENDA COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 AirToRNEY Nov. 7, 1944.

E. J. RABENDA COMMUN ICAT ION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1943 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 NOV. 7, 1944. E, RABENDA 2,362,027

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 1s, 1,945' 9 sheets-sheet e Rea 1736 Rg ATT RNEY Nov. 7, 1944. E. J. RABENDA 2,362,027

v COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1945 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 "TMQ R23 R32 SPACE we@ m25@ maar we 331 ,Q62 maza A TTORNEY.

y Patented Nov. 7, 1944 COMMUNICATION APPARATUS Edward J. Rabenda, Binghamton, N. Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York l Application November 13, 1943, Serial No. 510,156

1 Claim.

This invention relates to apparatus used in the telegraphlc transmission of data stored in statistical code on record cards, and is concerned particularly with a feature of such apparatus, which becomes important when the data is translated Iinto a telegraphlic code recorded on a tape, the tape being used to control a. high speed telegraph transmitter, for transmission to a page printer at the receiving station.

Whenever a `page printer is used, the problem arises of providing time for the carriage return, during which 'no signals to be recorded are sent. In the use of some printers this time is provided forby inserting in the sequence of telegraphic code signals, between the carriage return signal and the next signal representing a character to be recorded, one or more sighigh, to insure the return of the carriageto its rst column position. before the first character code signal is received. (The term first column position" means the positionin which the first character may be printed for any particular job,

which i's not necessarily the extreme limit position to which thecarriage can be moved.)

The present invention isan improvement on the apparatus disclosed in the Mills and Rabenda Patent 2,346,268, issued April 11, 1944. The apparatus disclosed in said application senses the columns of a record card in sequence and converts the statistical code characters into a scquence of telegraphic code characters. The telegraphic code employed is of the' kind which divides the characters into two classes, namely, alphabetical and numerical, and uses identical code signals for each alphabetical character and a numerical character paired therewith. 'The term numerical", as used here, includes the digits and "1 to 9, and also punctuation marks and Tab. and monetary symbols. The class signiiicance of the signals is indicated by. inserting a key code signal before each sequence of characters of like class. The record card sensingmechanism determines automatically whether a particular statistical code character is an al- A phabetical or numerical character and. if there is a change from one class of character to the other, causes a key signal to be inserted on the tape,

indicating the class of the character signal to. follow. The key signals are designated, respectively, Letters and Figures In the operation of this type of apparatus, each record card controls the printing of one line by the receiving page printer. A carriage return signal, a line feed signal, and akey code signal are punched in the tape, between the last character on one card and the first character on the next. The punching of the key signal is done automatically, as the record sensing unit senses the character code in the rst column sensed on a card. It may happen, however, that the iirst column sensed is blank. vIn this case, with the machine as disclosed in said application, a space signal would be inserted at the beginning of the new sequence on the tape, not preceded by a key code signal. Where the rate oi transmission is high, this space signal might be received at the receiving station before the return of the carriage of the printer to rst column position and thus be lost. As a result, the code character sensed in the second column of the control record would be printed in the first co1- umn of the receiving printer. In statistical work. the vertical alignment is important and lossv of the space signal is undesirable. It is the objectI of the present invention to provide the additional moment of time required for return of the printer carriage to first column position, priorto the reception of a space signal resulting from the sensing of a blank column in the iirst column sensed on the record card.

The following description and accompanying drawings disclose one embodiment of the invention, by way of example, illustrating the principle of the invention and the best mode which has been contemplated of applying that principle,

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an outline plan View of a record sensing unit and a tape perforating unit interconnected for operationin accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is .an elevational view," with parts in section, of a portion of the carriage return mechanism of the record sensing unit.

Fig- 3 is a vertical sectional view through the reading section of the card sensing unit.

Fig. 4 is a front elevation view, with parts in section, of a portion of the card sensing unit, showing the card ejecting mechanism.

VFig. 5 is a face View of a portion of a control record card showing the statistical alphabet code.

Fig, 7 is a rear elevational view, with parts in section, of a portion oi' the record sensing unit.

Ishowing the escapement mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a face view of portiom; of two record cards showing an example of statistical records, which will be referred to in explaining the operation of the improved apparatus.

Fig. 9 is a similar view oi' the corresponding telegraphic tape.

Fig. 10 is a timing diagram oi' certain contacts of the tape periorating unit.

Fig. ll is an expanded perspective view of the tape perforating unit. l

Figs. 12A-12D are i'our parts of a wiring diagram oi the apparatus. These parts are to be arranged in vertical sequence. f

In the illustrative embodiment of theh invention shown in the drawings the telegraphic code sequence, into which the statistical code data from the original records is translated, is recorded on a tape, which can then be handled in the usual way in a tape controlled transmitter. The high speed transmission under tape control may result in premature transmission of a space signal at the beginning of a new sequence, when the rst column sensed, of the record card, is blank. The present invention provides the necessary delay.

Record cards CDI and CD2 (Fig. 8) having columns of alphabetical and numerical data recorded thereon, in a statistical alphabetic code (Fig. 5), are presented to the sensing station of a record sensing unit (Fig. 1), by means of a reclprocable card carriage comprising a pusher I3 (Fig. 3) and guidey I 4. The individual columns oi' data are fed, step by step, to the group 0f sensing brushes I2. There is a sensing brush l2 for each index point position of the card and these brushes are connected to individual translating relays oi' the group RR, RX, RII, RI-RS (see Fig. 12A) which relays are controlled selectively in accordance with the sensed data designations on the record cards. A plurality of control relays RIO-RIS are lconnected to certain ones of the translating relays so as to be controlled selectively, in accordance with the data sensed on the cards.

\ The individual translating relays are provided with groups of translating contacts (see Figs. 12C and 12D) connected in cascaded relationship, which contacts, in turn, are connected to the in-1 dividual distributing relays R34-R6IL A distributing relay is provided for each character code designation to be recorded, and has its associated b contacts connected in various comaseaosv erations. Whenever, alphabetical characters are sensed on the record cards, relay R28 is condivided and arranged to be operated progressively' for controlling the energization of the selected distributing relay circuit, and the energization of the spacing or escape magnet 40 of the card y sensing unit. These mentioned circuits are en-" ergized at predetermined times, during each cycle of operation, so that continuous Operations of the card sensing and tape punching units can be binations to the common conductors STI- 315,

the latter including the related tape punch control magnets 232 (Fig. 12B). The said translating and distributing relays are eflective to translate or convert the data designations sensed in statistical code to the live-unit telegraphic code,y and, accordingly, control selectively the energization of the punch magnets in diilerent code combinations, thereby causing the code designating perforations representing the date. sensed on the record cards to be punched in telegraphic code in the telegraphic tape 200 (Fig. 9).

In order te distinguish the code designations recorded in the telegraphlc tape as alphabetical or numerical, a plurality of supervisory circuits are provided, which circuits are selectively controlled by the said control relays. The said supervisory circuits include the relays R25 and R26 (Fig, 12B), which relays are conditioned selectively in order to supervise the tape punching 0P- effected at high speed. Control relay R21, enersized simultaneously with relay R22, normally provides for continuous operation of the punch unit, by energizing the tape punch control magnet 300, each cycle, before the armature of the latter becomes effective to latch the punch unit in an inoperative position. b

The tape punch unit normally requires one cycle of operation for recording each character code signal. However, whenever a change from alphabetical to 'numerical characters, or vice versa, is sensed in the record cards, the sensed data is stored in the said translating relays during a preliminary punch cycle. Under these conditions, the punch unit requires two cycles of operation, the said key signal being recorded dur ing the first cycle, and the said character code signal during the second cycle.

\ Whenever a blank column is detected in the record card, the said timing relays R2 I-R23 and control relay R24 condition certain circuits, including distributing relay R60, whereby the punch unit is controlled to record automatically e space" signal in the telegraphic tape 200, and the record card sensing unit is controlled so as to feed the next column of the card to the sensing f brushes I2 to be analyzed. ,Howeven if a blank occurs in the first column sensed, the perforation of the space signal is preceded by the perforation of a iigures key code signal, in accordance with the present invention.

During card ejecting operations, the distributing relays RSI and R62 are automatically controlled successively for controlling the punch unit so as to record a. "carriage return signal in the tape followed by a line feed signal.

Control record Referring now to Fig. 5, the control record is shown to comprise a well known tabulating machine record card, generally designated CD, of a type commonly used in electric tabulating systems. Di'erentially positioned control representations, such as perforations 9, are used to represent the various characters composing the data. The perforatlons are differentially positioned in various columns of the record card, and by the differential positioning thereof different significations are imparted thereto. The letters of the alphabet aredesignated by pairs of control representations or perforations, each perforation may be employed' in the present recording system.

It will be noted by reference to the said code in Fig. 5 that the alphabet is divided into three groups. The letters of the first group, A to I, are designated by diierent combinations of a perforation in the R index point position with perforations in the one to nine index point positions. The letters of the second group, J to R., are designated by perforations in the X position in combination of perforations in the one to nine positions, while the lettersof the third group, S to Z, are identified by combinations of a perforation with perforations in the two to nine index point positions. The individual numerical characters are represented by a single perforation in the corresponding zero to nine index point positions. I'he record cards may have as many columns for the reception oi the data designating perforations as may be desired. The description to be set forth hereinbelow relates to mechanism commonly used in tabulating systems employing the standard eighty column record card.

Record sensing unit means of a picker II, to present their first column to a card sensing position above the sensing brushes designated I2 (also see Fig. 3). In this position, the reciprocable card carriage, comprising a'pusher I3 and a forward guide I4, engages the card and advances it, step by step, under control oi' the escapement mechanism to be described later. Pusher I3 and guide I4 are carried by an escapement rack I5 and the picker knife II is carried by a rack bar I6. Rack I5 has a gear I1 meshing with its lower edge (see Fig. 3) and bar I6 has a gear I8 (see Fig. 2) meshing with its upper edge, both gears being rigidly mounted on a cross shaft I9 (see Fig. 1). Due to this connection between the elements, the movement of picker II toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 1,

is accompanied by movement to the right cf At the com.-

pusher I3 and forward guide I,4. mencement of operations, the picker and pusher are in the position shown in Fig. 1.

rl'he operation of card feeding .lust outlined is more fully explained in Patent 1,772,186 granted to F. L. Lee et al. for a duplicating punching machine. The escapement mechanism referred to is of the same general nature as .that disclosed in the Schaai Patent 1,426,223 and a brief description thereof will be given later.

Secured to the under side of the base of the machine is a motor 22 (Fig. 2) coupled to a stub shaft 23 (see Fig. 3), to which is secured a worm 24 in mesh with a worm wheel 24a secured to shaft 24h, one end of which has secured thereto a ratchet-shaped clutch element 25. Loose- `ly mounted on shaft 24h is a gear 26 meshing with teeth on the lower edge of rack bar I6 and on this gear is mounted a disk 21 (Fig. 2). Mounted upon disk 21 is a clutch mechanism generally designated 28, one element of which is provided with a pin 29 positioned for engagement by a finger 30 integral with the armature 3| of a trip magnet 32. With the machine at rest. the parts occupy the position shown in Fig. 2

` driving movement of the latter.

and, when magnet 32 is energized. the finger 34 Will operate the clutching mechanism to couple the disk 21 to the rotating ratchet 25, so that the disk 21 and gear 26 rotate counterclockwise to .I

drive the rack bar I6 toward the left. The clutching mechanism is constructed, as explained in greater detail in the patent to Lake et al., No. 1,914,263, dated June 13, 1933, so asi/to remain in engagement for substantially a complete revolution, at the completion of which time the' clutching mechanism engages a fixed member 33, which uncouples the parts, whereby they may automatically return to the position shown in Fig. 2 under the inuence of a spring (not shown). This power drive of rack bar I6 toward the left has the same effect as the manual move ment thereof explained in the said Fatent 1,772,- 186, that is, a card will be advanced to sensing position and the pusher I3 will engage the Isaine for further step-by-step advancement, and rack bar I6 may thereafter return to its home p0- sition without disturbing the advanced position of the card`or pusher I3, this being permitted by the one-way clutch 2l. y

Also integral with the armature 3| of the trip magnet 32 is an arm 34 (see Fig. 3), the free end of which is adapted to bear upon the center blade of pairs of contacts 35 and 36, herein called latch contacts, to open the former and close the latter when magnet 32 is energized, The contacts are maintained in such shifted position by a latching bell crank 31, the lateral extension 38 of which is adapted to be engaged by a plate 39 secured to gear 26, at the termination of the The contacts 35 and 36 are used to control the energization of the' driving motor 22 and their function will be more fully explained in connection with the circuit diagram. j

Escapement "wana-When the card is in position above the sensing brushes I2 (Fig. 3), further advance is controlled by the escapement mechanism, which in turn is responsive to the energization of escape magnet 40. Upon energi zation of magnet 4l), its armature 4I will be rocked about a pivot 4Ia in a clockwise direction and, through a screw 42 secured to an arm 43a projecting from a rockably mounted rod 43, will rock the rod 43 counterclockwise (in Fig. 3) against the tension of a spring 44. The rod 43 is rocked as an incident to each spacing operation and has secured to one end thereof oppositely extending arms 45, 46 (see also Fig. 7). AArm 46 is provided with a laterally extending pin 46a for engagement with an enlarged opening in a stepping dog 41, which is loosely pivoted on rod 43. Opposite arm is provided with-a pin 45a extending into a slot formed in the locking dog 48. When rod 43 is rocked, arm 46 will, through its pin and slot connection with dog 41, lift the latter out of one of the notches of the rack'l5 and at the same time arm 45 will depress locking dog 48 into a notch between the rack teeth. At this time a spring 49 advances the loosely pivvoted -dog-41 a short distance just sufficient to permit this dog to move above the top of the next tooth. When the locking dog is again raised, stepping dog 41, due to the movement of rack I5, will ride down along the next tooth until it strikes the end' thereof and the carriage is thereby arrested. The usual spring drum (not shown) is provided to bias the rack I5 toward the right, as viewed in Fig.l 7. The detail structure of this dog and rack arrangement is well known and Jneed not be further described: it is sumcient to note that for each operation o! the escape magnet 40, the rack I6 is advanced one step or tooth, carrying with it the pusher I3 and forvward guide I4, so that the card is likewise advanced one step, each step of advancement being equal to the widthoif one of the columns ci' the card.

electing the sensed cards and depositing the same in a receptacle provided 'for the purpose. This mechanism ismore fully shown and described in Patent No. 1,916,965 issued July 4, 1933, te J. M. Cunningham. Briey, a gripper 19 occupies the position shown in Fig. .4, with its jaws openin Automatic edectng means-The machine y `is provided with mechanism for automatically card receiving position during the period that" the card is advanced by the escapement mechanism. The gripper is carried by the rod 1|. to

' the rack 14 toward the right and through the gearing 19, 1iu iiip the gripper 10 in a counterclockwise direction. This nipping action is effected after the card has been advanced to its extreme left hand position, at which time the leading edge thereof isbetween the jaws of the gripper. Releasing the gripper will cause the -jaws'to automatically clamp the end of the card thereto so that the card will be swung in an arc about the rod 1| and deposited in the receptacle 18, suitable means being provided to cause the Jaws to release the card.

For the purpose oi' actuating the latch member 16 there is provided the usual eject magnet 19 which, when energized, will rock its amature `8|) about pivot 8| and draw a link 82 toward the right. The left extremity of the link is provided with an extension 83 which, when the link is moved, will strike a depending arm oi' the latch member 16 and rock the same to initiate the ejection of the card by the gripper. 'I'his ejecting operation will bring about the automatic feeding oi.) another card from the magazine I0 to the sensingbrushes. This operation is initiated by means of a pair of automatic start contacts designated 84 which are closed through a pivoted bell crank 85, a, depending arm of `which is engaged by an extension 86 on rack 14 when the rack has been released for movement toward the right.

In a manner to be explained in connection with the circuit diagram, the contacts 84 control the operation of the drivlng'motor which, as explained, will cause advance of a new card from the magazine and also cause movement toward the right of card pusher I3 and forward guide I4. As the rack I6 is moved toward the left, its left hand end will engage an adjustable extension 81 carried by the 'rack 14 which will positively restore the rack toward the left and through the gearing shownpwill return the gripmatic election and initiation of a new card feeding operationwill take place. s

Record card sensing melma-The card sensing brushes I2 are shown in Fig. 3. There are provided twelve of these brushes positioned side by side, there being one for each oi.' the usual twelve rows of index point positions of the card. The brushes I2 are mounted in an insulating brush holder 90 which is mounted so that the brushes I2 are given substantially a vertical movement upward, from the position shown yin Fig. 3, to engage the card and effect electrical connections, through the perforations therein, with a common contact roller 8|. 'I'he upward movement of the brushes I 2 is controlled by the reading brush magnet 92 which, when energized, will cause the brushes I2 to move upwardly through mechanism generally designated l 93. This mechanism is of the usual construction and a detailed description thereof can be found in the patents referred to.- Its purpose is generally to maintain the brushes in their lower position, when they are not actually sensing perforatlons inthe card, and thereby preserve them against undue wear and also against damage by any inadvertent backward movement of the record cards. The armature 94 of magnet 92 is adapted, when attracted by the magnet, to open a pair of contacts 95, Whose function will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram.r

Miscellaneous contact melma-Several contacts in addition to those described are provided in the machine, and-the 'operation of these will be pointed out before the entire operation of the apparatus isexplained in connection with the circuit diagram.

. In Fig. 7 is shown a pair of contacts |45 known as the last column contacts. These contacts are closed by an arm |46 secured to the escapement rack and so located that, when the escapement rackis advanced to the position in which the last column of the card is presented to the sensing brushes, the extension |46 will be in engagement with and close contacts |45. Also in Fig. 7 are shown the iioating cam contacts |49, one blade of which is shifted by an arm B50 which is loosely pivoted on the rod 43 and which has 'a lateral extension resting upon the upper per to the position it occupies in Fig. 5, the latch member 16 being spring-biased to engage and h old the gripper in such position until the newly advanced card has been sensed and advanced to its last column position, whereupon the autoedge of the stepping dog 41, so that during escapement from one column to another, the ini cidental raising of the stepping dog 41 through arm |50 willopen contacts |49 during the period that the dog is raised. In Fig. 3 there is shown a card lever |51 lyingin the path of the record card -asit passes from the magazine to the sensing position. When a card is fed from the magazine, the card lever is rocked to close a pair of suitably disposed contacts I 56.

'I'he record sensing unit may have the usual release mechanism 65, 66, 61, 68 controlled by release key 64, which may be operated by release magnet 60. The release mechanism operates upon the usual skip bar interposer 5I (see also Fig. '7), to lift the stepping dog 41 above the rack bar I5 and allow the carriage I3, I4 to move all the way to the left (Fig. 3), to operate the last column contacts |45 and thus initiate the card ejection and carriage restoring operations. The interposer 5| can also operate in conjunction with the skip bar y50, under control "of skip magnet 56 (Fig. l) to skip certain columns ofthe card, but this mechanism .will not be described since the present invention is not concerned withit. v

4'Telegi'dphc tape Referring now to Fig. 6, a tape 200 is shown.

provided with successive transverse rowsofcode perforations 20| arranged in accordance with the well known five unit telegraphic code, usually referred to as the Baudot or teletype code, and a sixth perforation 202, which serves as a feed hole'.- In a five unit code, only thirty-two possible combinatiosare available, and, as mentioned hereinabove, for this reason, it is .necessary to employ the same code combinationsto represent alphabetical characters and numerical and other characters.

In order to distinguish the alphabetical characters from the other remaining characters, for telegraphic transmissionpurposes, a Sequence of alphabetical signals is always preceded` by a letters shift" signal and a sequence of the other remaining character signals is preceded by a figures shift" signal. A

Tape perforating unit Fig. l1 shows, in semi-diagrammatic form, a perforating apparatus for perforating the tape. A full disclosure of this perforator appears in the Mills and Rabenda Patent 2,346,268, supra. It comprises individual punch elements 2|0, one for each of the five unitsof the telegraphic code and one for punching the feed hole 202. There is a die block 2|| for the punch elements and individual springs 2|3 normally hold the latter retracted. Each punch elementhas a recess 2|6 into which is inserted one end of a rockable punch lever 2|1 having an oval shaped opening 2| 8. An individual punch lever is provided for each punch element. An elongated cam or eccentric 2|9 on a shaft 220 is disposed within the oval shaped openings of the punch levers, to support and actuate said levers. Normally, during the rotation of the eccentric, the punch levers move downward and upward about their pivotal connections with the punch elements 2li). Under these conditions` the free right ends of the punch levers are rocked idly downward and upward.

A plurality of latch members 221, one for each punchv lever, are pivotally supported by a shaft 228, in cooperative relation to their respective punch levers. The downwardly extending arms 221A of the latches have latching shoulders 230 -to engage under the right ends of their punch levers 2|1. All of the latches, except the one pertaining to the feed hole punch, have arms 221D extending to the right and three of them, in alternate positions, also have leftwardly extending arms 221B. The latter armsare biased upward by individual springs 234, while the arms 221D of the other three latches are biased downward by springs 234 anchored'to a stationary pin 236.V The springs 234, urge the latches in clockwise direction, but, with the exception of the latch pertaining to the feed hole punch, the latches are normally held in retracted position, with the hooks 230 out of the path of the punch levers, by their rightwardly extending arms 221D, the ends of which are detained in recesses 233 of related armatures 23| pertaining to tape punch selector magnets 232, only two of which are shown in the drawings. Upon energization of the individual magnets 232, the related armatures 23| are attracted and release their respective latches, A

permitting them to swing under the influence of springs 234, to engage their shoulders 230 under the free endsy of the corresponding punch levers 2|1.

aseaov 'nie ma m is pentes ia ucm-stop manner, by means to be described presently, vthe latch levers -221 which are to be engaged being'released at the start of each cycle, when the right ends of the punch levers are in their uppermost 4positions, or approaching their uppermost positions. Thus, upon latching of a punch lever 2|1 thefollowing rotation of the eccentric 2|9 rocks the punch lever counterclockwise about its pivotal connection with the latch lever, forcing the related punch element 2|0 through the telegraphic tape 200. A restoring bail (not shown) is provided to restore the latch levers 221 at the end of each punch cycle and a locking bail 236 may also be provided to4 lock the latch levers in eiective or ineiective position through the punch cycle. l

Means are provided for intermittently advancing the tape 200 near the end of each cycle of rotation of the shaft 220. 'The tape is fed from a supply reel (not shown) through a tape feeler mechanism such as shown in the above mentioned copending application. The feeler mechanism operates the tape contacts 3|1 shown on the circuit diagram (Fig. 12A), to indicate exhaustion of the tape supply. The tape is fed between the die block 2H and the punch elements 2|0 and over a sprocket wheel 26|. The sprocket wheel 26| has a series of teeth 264 to engage the feed holes 202. 'I'he feed holes are punched by a punch element 2|0, the punch lever 2 |1 of which is con stantly latched by a stationary latch lever 221 having no latching arm 221D, so that a feed hole is punched on each revolution of the shaft 220. The shaft 261 of the sprocket wheel 26| has secured thereto a ratchet wheel 268, which is advanced step by step by a pawl 269 pivotally mounted on a cam follower arm 210. A spring 212 anchored to a fixed part and hooked into the pawl 269 urges the pawl against the 4ratchet 268 and pulls the arm 210 to the right so that a roller 2101i thereon bears against a cam 21| on shaft 220. Near the end of each cycle of shaft 220 the high point of cam 21| moves the cam follower arm 210 and pawl 269 to the left to advance the ratchet wheel 268 and the sprocket wheel 26| one step. Thus, the tape 200 is fed to present the next position thereon to the punch elements. When the high partof the cam 21| passes, the pawl 269 is retracted to engage the next tooth of the ratchet wheel 266.

'constructed in the 'manner fully disclosed. in

United States Patent 2,206,646l issued t0 Schneider on July 2, 1940. The clutch is controlled by a dog lift lever 293, which, when stoppedl by a detent 294, disconnects the shaft 220 from a constantly driven shaft 298 -driven by motor 30| through a worm and wheel gearing 302. The v detent 294 also determines the stationary angular position of the shaft 220. Detent 294 is part of a rocker arm 295 pivoted at 294a and biased counterclockwise by a spring 296. The arm 295 has a bent over portion 299 which acts as anarrnature to a clutch magnet 300. When the magnet is energized, the detent 294 is retracted from the dog lift lever 293 and the clutch engages.

The shaft 220 is rotated until the magnet 300 is deenergized, dropping the detent 294 into the path of dog lift lever 293. The engagement of the detent with the dog lift lever disengages the clutch and stops shaft 220 in a fixed angular position.

A pair ofnormally open bail contacts 31| are 'operated by a pivoted bail lever SI5, which is Fig'. 10. Y

Two additional pairs of contacts, Ci and C2, are operated cyclically by related cams 333 se-` cured to shaft 220. The functions of these cam controlled contacts will be explained later. Their timing is shown in Fig. l0.

@parution Referring now to Figs. lZA to 12D, arranged in vertical sequence, the operation of the 4described units will be explained in connection with the circuit diagram.. In this description it will be assumed that the iirst two cards are punched as shown, in part. in Fig. 8. Card CDI! is punched in columns i--ill to represent John Jones" and in columns lil-33 to represent (ld. Card (CD3 is punched in columns 2 1@ to represent Sam Jones, column l being blank, to represent a space; Thus, when card CD2 is fed into sensing position, a space will be sensed in the rst column, which 'might lead to an error in the printing, as

explained above. The manner in which theapconditions the tape controlled contacts 3l! (Fig,

12A) the card lever contacts |56, the latchcontacts 35, and the iloating cam contacts |69 (Fig. 12A) are closed. The closure of card lever con tacts |56 completes a circuit from conductor 360 (connected to one terminal of the power supply) through contacts 35, wire 362, said contacts |56, relay RH, to conductor 36| (connected to the other terminal of the power supply) energizing said relay. Contacts I'Ib complete a holding circuit for relay Ril, through the latch contacts 35, while contacts Rlla complete a circuit from line wire 360 through latch contacts 35, wire 332,

normally closed contacts Risa, said contacts Rlla, brush magnet 92, to line wire 36|, energiz.1 ing said magnet. Brush magnet contacts 65 open, deenergizing relay RM and allowing contacts Rlllc (Fig. 12A) to close.

Start-Upon depression of the start key (Fig. 12A), closure of contacts 350 establishes a circuit from conductor 360 throughthe said start contacts 356, coil of relay R26 to conductor 36| thus energizing said relay. A holding circuit for this relay is completed immediately from conductor 360 through the tape controlled contacts 3H, contacts 35| of the stop key, contacts R201), and coil of relay R20 to conductor 36|.

Due to closure of contacts R200 (Fig. 12A), a circuit is completed from conductor 360 through the normally closed latch contacts 35, floating cam contacts llconductors 363 and 364, normally closed contacts RHC, said contacts R20c, and coil of relay R2| to conductor 36|, energizing this relay. Closure of contacts R2|a completes a circuit from said conductor 362 through contacts R2Ia, and coils of relays R22' and R24 to conductor'36l, energizing said relays. Closure u of contacts R220v then completes a circuit from said conductor 362 through said contacts R220; to coil oi" relay R23 and conductor 36|, energizing said relay. s C

The chain ofrelays R2I-R23 are energized L successively, each under control of the preceding relay in the chain, and constitute' timing relays, the operations of which are adjusted so as 'to enable key signal punching' cycles toA be inserted where theyo'are called for. The relay R23, energized simultaneously with the relay R22, becomes effective, after the rst punch cycle oi each tape run (each record card controls one tape run), to hold the punch clutch magnet ener gized through the end of each revolution oi the punch shaft. Tins allows the punchdzo run con tinuously and quietly, without being`\stopped at the end o each revolution. Unless the stop conY tacts 35| or tape controlled contacts\3|`l are opened, relay R23 ismaintained energized con tinuously and through the agency of contacts RZtlc, permits a circuit to be completed'tovthe rst relay R29 of the chain of timing relays each time the ioating cam contacts |49 and latch contacts 35 close at the beginning of a tape run and each tlmethe contacts |63 close during a tape run.

Alphabetical data-The energization of brush magnet $2, as previously mentioned, brought the f brushes i2 up against column one of the card CDL Since this column is punched in the X and l index point positions, to represent the latter J, circuits are completed from conductor 330 through contacts 36 and M9, contact roll 9i, brushes t2 sensing the X and l perforations, coils of translating relay RX and control relay Ri i, also translating relay Rl, control relay Ri3. and normally closed contacts Rla and R|2a to line wire 36|, energizing all of said relays. The iol lowing changes are thereby caused, in the condition of the relay contacts in the supervisory circuits (Fig. 12B): Contacts Rlla transfer, ccntacts RI Ib open; contacts RI 3a transfer and Rilb close. These changes take place before the start key is pressed.

When contacts R2 I b close, upon energization of relay R2|, in the manner described above, a let ters supervisory circuit is established from conductor 360 through latch contacts 35, iloating cam contactsY |43, conductors 363 and 364, closed contacts R2lb, normally closed contacts Rmb, said transferred contacts Ella and closed contacts R3b, normally closed contacts R3la, and thev pick-up coil oi the letters control relay R23, to conductor 36|, energizing said relay. A. holding circuit is established from conductor 363 through normally closed cam contacts Cl. conductor 365, contacts R2Sa and holding coil of said relay R26 to conductor 36|. This holding circuit is broken when cam contacts CI open. Relay R28 is connected in parallel with the holding coil of relay R23 and is energized so long as cam contacts CI are closed. Contacts R28a, included in the pickup circuit for relay R62 (Fig. 12D) are opened and prevent energization of this line feed distributing relay, while the said cam contacts Ci are closed.

The energizing circuit for distributing relays R3I--R60 extends from line wire 360 through cam contacts CI, contacts 23a (when closed) normally closed contacts R251: and R26c, contacts R2|c (when closed), wire 336, and the interconnected contacts of translating relays RR, RX,RO and RI-Rl (Fiss. 12C and 12D), the pickup coil of one of the group of distributing relays Ru-RW,

aseaoa'l to line wire 33|. But, in the example,`the relay R26 is energiredv concurrently with therelay R22, f

hence prior to relay R23; thus contacts R23c vopen'beiore contacts R23a close and-prevent the distributing magnet selectedby the contacts of to the escape magnet 46 via conductor 366.l Opening of contacts R26d prevents a holding circuit from'being established for relay R36, while clo sure of 'contacts R26e partially completes acircuit to a letters" supervisory relay R3|. Closure of contacts R26b (Fig. 12D) completes circuits to 1,11 (2,11 413,3) 4K4!!! 145!) magnets 232, which can be traced as follows: conductor 360, normally closed cam contacts Ci, conductor 366, said b" contacts of relay R26, conductors 31|, 312, 313, 314, and 315, to the said connected tape punch magnets 232 and conductor 36|, energizing said magnets.

It will be recalled, that upon energization of any one of the magnets 232, the bail contacts 3| I are closed, due to the tripping of the related latch lever or levers 221. Closure of contacts 3|| permits the following circuit to be established: conductor 360, normally closed cam contacts Cl, said contacts 3|I, the coils of the tape punch clutch magnet 300 and relay R23 to conductor 36|, energizing the said magnet and relay. Energization of the said clutch magnet causes the punch eccentric to be set in motion for actuating the punch elements, thereby effecting the punching of the letters key code signal in the first transverse row of the telegraphic tape 260, as indicated in Fig. 9.

The opened contacts R29a (Fig. 12D), included in the pickup circuit of distributing relay R6i, prevent energization of this carriage return distributing relay, while the tape punch clutch magnet 300 is energized. During the punching cycle, cam contacts C2 are closed (see Fig. 10) to complete a circuit to relay R3| as follows: conductor 360, cam contacts CI, said cam contacts C2, contacts R26e and the pickup coil of relay R3| to conductor 36|, energizing said relay. A holding circuit for this relay can be traced from line wire 360, through latch contacts 35, conductor 362 to normally closed contacts R25d,

contacts R3|b, the holding coilof relay R3| to conductor 36|. Now, contacts R3|a are opened to break the traced pickup circuit for relay R26.`

In this manner, repeated energizations of relay R26, and punching of the letters key code signal are prevented.

Another circuit is completed, upon closure' of ycam contacts C2 which can be traced from conductor l36|), said cam contacts C| and C2, conductor 361, pickup coil of relay RLS and conductor 36|, energizing this relay. A holding circuit is established immediately from conductor 360 through tape controlled contacts 3|1, stop contacts 35|, contacts R2Ila, Rl4b, RISa, the holding coil of relay RIS to' conductor 36|. Closure of contacts R|9b now establishes a circuit, shunting the said bail contacts 3| l, which can be traced from conductor 360, cam contacts Cl, said contacts Rlilb, R24a (now closed), clutch magnet 300 deenergized. Itis to be noted that the letters supervisory 'relay R3| remains energized, and is maintained soy until theffilgures" supervisory circuit to relay R26` is energized (contacts R26d are included in the vtraced holding circuit for relay R3|). `Also, the ,letters" supervisoryrcircuit cannot be energized again to pick up relay R26 until the said relay R3| is deenergized.

u has .been pointed out, that the described Vcircuits for relay R26 are established before the circuit to the last relay R23 ofthe timing chain,

so'that circuits cannot be established to the escape magnet 4|) (via conductor 366), and translating contacts and distributing relays (via conductor -363) In view of the fact, that the escape magnet 40 is not energized during this first punch cycle, the said Itranslating relays RX and Rl and control relays R|| and RI3' remain energized. Also, since the floating cam contacts are not opened, `at this time, the chain ol.' timing relays R2|-R23, and control relay R24. remain energized.

Now, upon closure of cam contacts CI, near the end of the rst punch cycle, a circuit can be traced from conductor 366 through the said cam contacts Ci, closed contacts R|9b and R24a to the clutch magnet 300 and relay R29, to energize the said magnet and relay. In this manner, an-

other punch cycle is initiated immediately, without awaiting theclosure of vbail contacts 3| I.

Another circuit can be traced from the said conductor 360 and cam contacts CI through the series connected contacts R23a (now closed), R25c and R26c (normally closed), and R2|c (now closed), conductor 369, normally closed contacts RRa, conductor 310, transferred contacts RXc, transferred contacts Rlb to the pickup coil of distributing relay R43 and conductor 36|, energizing this relay. A holding circuit is established immediately through the associated a contacts as follows: conductor 360, cam contacts Ci, conductor 366, contacts R43a, holding coil of relay R43 to conductor 36 I. The traced holding circuit for relay R43 applies to all of the holding circuits for the distributing relays of the group R34-R62, by means of the related "a contacts and holding coils, and therefore need not be traced in detail hereinafter.

Circuits are also completed from the said conductor 366 through the b distributing relay contacts, namely R341), to conductors 31|, 312, and 314, and the connected 1, 2, and 4 tape punch magnets 232, energizing the said magnets. Hereinafter, these circuits traced to the punch magnets 'will be referred to as the punch magnet circuits completed through the b distributing relay contacts, since all the "b contacts of relays RS4-R62 are connected in varying combinations punch magnets, respectively. In this manner, during the rotation of the punch eccentric, the code designating perforations representing the letter J are punched in the second transverse row of the telegraphic tape 260, as indicated in Fig. 9.

Before the said cam contacts Cl are opened during this second mentioned punch cycle, a circuit is also completed from conductor 366, cam contacts CI, the said series connected contacts R23a, R25c, R260, conductor 368 to the escape magnet 40 and pickup coil of relay R|6 to conductor 36|, energizing the said magnet andl relay. Contacts R|6a (Fig. 12A) closing at this ,time -exercise no controlling functions. The purpose of these contacts will be understood as the description progresses. The energization of the said escape magnet causes the card carriage to be advanced, one step, and present the next column of the card tothe sensing station, in the manner set i'orth vhereinbefore. 'It will be `remembered f holding circuit for the selected distributing relay is broken. thus restoring the distributing relay and -associated' contacts to normal. traced to -the translating relay contacts and escape magnet are also broken, upon opening of cam contacts Ci. Opening of the floating cam contacts it causes the said translating relays RX and Ri and control relays Rl i and Ri to .ice deenergized. The circuit to the first relay R2i ci the chain of timing relays B2i-R23 is also broken at this time, by the opening of contacts MS, causing relay Rl to be deenergized, and in turn, causing relays R22, R23, andRM to be deenergized.

New, upon presentation oi the secondcard column to the sensing station, and upon closure of the floating cam contacts M39, RX and RB translating relays and RII and Ri@ control relays are energized. The control relay contacts in the supervisory circuits are conditioned the same as for the first card column, but since contacts Riia are now open, when the floating cam contacts close, energizing relay R25. the resulting closure of contacts Rlb does not energize relay R26. When relay Ri is energized relays R22 and R22, and then relay R23, are picked up in succession, as described hereinabove. Upon closure of contacts RZta the clutch' magnet B00 iskenergized to initiate the third punch cycle, in the course of which the tape is perforated witha telegraphic code signal representing the character 0, in the same manner as before.

The advantages and functions of the described chain of timing relays should now be apparent. The chains R2i, R22, R23 insure that before an impulse is transmitted through the translating relay contacts to the selected distributing relay, and through conductor 368to the escape magnet, by the closure of contacts R230., the supervisory eircuit's to the pickup coils of the letters and ngures relays R25 and R26 will have been tested for a change from one class of character to another. If a change has occurred the relay R25 or R28 will be energized concurrently withrelay AR22 and contacts R25c or R26c will be opened before contacts R23a close. Thus the punching of the character code signal andthe energization of the escape magnet will be deferred till the next punch cycle. The function of relay R24 is tol make the operation of the punch'faster and more quiet. Once the relay RIS has been energized, which occurs in the rst punch cycle, the contacts R24a establish a circuit to reenergize the clutch magnet' 300 when the contacts CI close. 'Ihus the punch shaft 220 rotates contin-1 uously, so long as relay Rillremains energized (which may be for one full tape run) and is not stopped at the end of each revolution, to be released by closure of the bail contacts.

The sensing of columns 3 to I0 of the card CDI .and punching in the tape of equivalent telegraphic code signals continues inthe same manner as described for columns I and 2. When the blank in column is sensed none of the translating relays is energized. When the contacts 23a aseaoar relay and causing a "space" signal to be punched The circuits uting relay R50 and conductor 38|.

in the tape.

.Numerical data -Now assume that the sensing of the card has progressed to column 18 and that the last preceding character was an alphabetical character. When the floating cam contacts M9 close, upon arrival of the card CDI in column l@ sensing position, circuits are completed from con ductor 360 through latch contacts 35, said contacts its, contact roll 9|, brushes I2 sensing the l perioration, translating relay Ri, and control relay to conductor 36E, thus energizing the said translating and control relays. Also, upon closure of the said floating cam contacts, the chain ci? timing relays B2i-R23 and relay R25 are ener=l gized,k as described in detail hereinabove. En addition thereto, the figures supervisory circuit is completed to energize the figures control relay `as follows: said floating cam contacts ills, conductors 368 and 36d, contacts Rtib non closed, normally closed contacts Rl Gb, Rib, Rl] ib, transferred contacts Rite and Rita, normally closed contacts R301: to the pickup coil of said relay R25 and conductor 536i, energizing this figures control relay. A holding circuit is established therefor, through closed cam contacts Cil, contacts R25a and holding coil of relay R25. Con tacts R250 are yopened to prevent energization ci the escape magnet l0 and the distributing relay whose pickup circuit was partially prepared by the translating relay Ri. Contacts RZEd are opened causing the letters supervisory relay R3! to be deenergized. Contacts R251) are closed causing the 1, 2, 4" and 5 punch magnets 232 to be energized. The tape punch clutch niagnet 360 is energized as before, through contacts CI, RlSb, and Rila, thereby causing the latched punch levers to punch the figures key code signal in the telegraphlc tape 200, as indicated in Fig. 9. v

Upon closure of cam contacts C2, during this punch cycle, a circuit can now be completed to the gures supervisory relay R30 as follows: conductor 360, cam contacts CI and C2, contacts R25e to the pickup coil of relay R30 and conductor 38|, energizing this "flgures supervisory relay. A holding circuit is established from ccnductor 362 through contacts R26d, R30b, and the holding coil of the said relay R30 to conductor 361. This holding circuit is maintained contin-s uously so that the figures supervisory relay is held energized until the letters control relay R26 becomes energized. Opening of contacts R30c causes deenergization of the gures supervisory circuit including relay R25.

Since the escape magnet is not energized during this punch cycle, the said floating cam contacts remain closed, thus maintaining the said translating and control relays energized. The punch clutch,magnet is'energized upon closure of cam contacts CI for initiating the next punch cycle.

During this next punch cycle, the following circuit is completed: from conductor 360 through cam contacts CI, the series connected contacts R23a, R25c,-R26c, and R2Ic, conductor 369, normally closed contacts RRa, RXc, and ROa, transferred contacts Ric to the pickup coll of distribenergizing this relay. The usual distributing relay holding circuit through contacts R50a is established.

Through the"'bf" contacts of relay R50, the 1,

2, 3, and 5 punch magnets 232 are ener glzed, thus causing thecode signal representing the numerical character .1 to be punched in the conductor nl; This circuit is established before next transverse row of the telegraphic tape 200, as indicated in Fig. 9.

During this punch cycle, the circuit to the' escape magnet 4I) is also established through the series connected contacts R23a, R25c, and R26c, 'and conductor 368, energizing said magnet, and subsequently causing the next or 79th column of thelcard to be presented to the sensing station.

Carrage return and-line feed signals- The sensing of columns I9 and 80 and punching in the tape of telegraphc code signals representing the characters 2 and "3 follows. During the sensing of the 80th column, the escape magnet 40 is energized as before. It will be remembered that the plckupfcoil of relay R|6 (Fig. 12A) is included in the escape magnet circuit, and is energized concurrently with the escape magnet; however, as mentioned, this relay is not effective to exercise any controlling functions during the normal sensing and punching cycles.

Now, upon energlzation of relay RIG, with the card in the last column position, the closed last column contacts |45 permit a holding circuit for relay R|6 to be established as follows: conductor 360, said last column contacts |45 and contacts Rla, the holding coil of relay RIG, and conductor 36|. Relay RIB, being connected in parallel with the holding coil of relay RIG, is also energized, upon closure of the last column contacts. Contacts R|8a are opened to deenergize the brush magnet 92, which magnet, in turn, causes the related contacts 95 to be closed. Clo- .sure of contacts 95 effects energization of relay RM, and in turn, deenergization of relay RIS, due to the opening of contacts RIIib. Opening of contacts R|4c prevents any energzation of the chain of timing relays R2|-R23, and relay R24.

Upon closure of contacts R|6a and the last column contacts, a circuit is also completed from conductor 360 through these contacts, via conductor 381, contacts R231), R2|ld (now closed), R29a, and R321) (normally closed), pickup coil of distributing relay R6| and conductor 36|, energizing this relay. The usual distributing relay holding circuit is established through contacts RBI a. The 4 punch magnet 23 2 is energized due to closure of the contacts R6Ib. Upon energization of the said punch magnet, as mentioned hereinabove, contacts 3|| of the lpunch unit are closed'and, since contacts Rl9b and .R24a are open at this time, complete the circuit to the clutch magnet 300 and relay R29. Energization of relay R29 causes contacts R29a to open the described pickup circuit for distributing relay RSI. In this manner, the code perforation for the carriage return signal is punched in the telegraphic tape, as indicated in Fig. 9.

During this punch cycle, upon closure of cam contacts C2, a circuit is completed from the said cam contacts through contacts RBIc to the pickup coil of relay R32 and conductor 36|, energizing this relay. A holding circuit is established from conductor 360, last column contacts |45, conductor 390, contacts R32a to the holding coil of relay R32 and conductor 36|. This holding circuit is maintained until the last column contacts |45 are opened. Contacts R32b in the pickup circuit of distributing relay RBI are opened, assuring that energization of this relay cannot occur again at this period.

Contacts R32c in the distributing relay R62 pickup circuit are closed, thus permitting a cir-` cuit to be completed from conductor 360, contacts R28a, R320, R6|e (now closed) and R33b to the pickup coil of distributing relay R62 and trip magnet 32.

cam contacts CI are closed to energize relay R26, which energlzation occurs each punch cycle to open the pickup circuit of relay R62. The

usual holding circuit for this distributing relay is established through contacts R62a, upon clo-l sure of the cam contact Cl, and, by means of contacts R621, 'the 2vpunch magnet 292 is en# erglzed. Upon energization of the said punch magnet, contacts 3|I are closed to energize the punch clutch magnet, and cause the code designating perforations for the line feed signal to be punched in the telegraphic tape, as indicated in Fig. 9.

Upon closure of cam contacts C2, a circuit is completed from these contacts through contacts R62c to the pickup coil oi relay R33, energizing this relay. A holding circuit is established from the last column contacts |45, via conductor 390, contacts R33a, and holding coil of relay R33. Contacts R331), in the pickup circuit for distributing relay R62, are opened to prevent further energization of this circuit.

In the instant case, the carriage return and line feed signals are punched successively in the telegraphic tape 200, during the period the record card is ejected. The eject magnet 19 is energized, upon closure of the last column contacts |45 and contacts RI6a, since this magnet is also connected in parallel with the holding coil of relay RIB.

As described hereinabove, upon completion of the card ejecting operation, the auto-start contacts 84 are closed to energize the trip magnet 32 (contacts |45 being closed at this time). It will be recalled, that energization of the trip magnet 32 also causes the latch contacts 35 to be opened and contacts 36-to be closed. A circuit is now established from latch contacts 36 to the drive motor 28| of the card sensingunit (contacts R|4a being closed at this time), to cause the reciprocable card carriage to be returned to pick up a new card from the magazine; and present itsrst column to the card sensing position.

Upon opening of the last column contacts |45, the described holding circuits for relays R32 and R33 are broken, and these relays are restored to normal. Relays'RlB, and RIB are also deenergized at this time, as Well as eject magnet 19 and The spring of latch contacts 35 deenergizes relay RIT. When the next card closes the card lever contacts |56 a pickup circuit for relay RI'I is prepared, which will be com- 65 pleted when the latch contacts transfer back to normal position, at the end of the feed of the card from the hopper'. At this time latch contacts 36 open, deenerglzing the motor 38|.- The closure of latch contacts 35 causes the energization of the brush'magnet 92. Contacts 95 open,

deenergizing relay RI4, so that its contacts R|4a,

Rl4b, and R|4c return to normal condition.

Sensing a blank in column 1.--In the chosen example, the card CD2 has a blank in column Thus, when the floating cam contacts |49 close,

upon the arrival of the card CD2 in column l.

sensing position, none of the sensing brushes |2 nds a perforation and, consequently, the translating relays RR, RX, RO, RI-9, and the control relays R|0-R|3, all remain deenergized. However, a circuit is completed through the floating cam contacts |49, wire 364, and contacts R|4c and R2llc, through relay R2| to line wire 36|, energizing said relay. VWhen contacts R2|b close a circuit is completed through line wire 364, said contacts R2Ib, normally closed contacts Rlb, Rl2b and Rllb, contacts RISc in the normal position (relay R49 has not yet been energized in this tape run) normally closedcontacts R30a, relay R25, to line wire 36l, energizing this figures supervisory relay. It has been explained before how, upon energization of relay R25, a figures key code signal is punched in the tape, as the circuits to the distributing relays and the 'escape' magnet are opened, by contacts R250, to defer for one cycle the punching of the tape under control of a distributing relay and the escapement of the carriage to the next column.

Upon closure of vcontacts C2 in the punch cycle which punches the figures key code signal in the tape, the relay RIS is energized through the circuit previously traced. The contacts Rl9a immediately close and hold the relay RIS, while the contacts RISb prepare the circuit which is to energize the tape punch clutch magnet 300 during the normal operation. When contacts CI close near the end of this iirst punch cycle,- a circuit is completed through contacts R23a,y now closed, R25c, R26c, R2lc, wire 369, contacts RRa. RXc, ROa, Rlc, wire 318, contacts R2d, wire 319, contacts R311, wire 380, contacts R40, wire 38|, contacts R50, wire 382, contacts R6d, wire 383, contacts R1e, wire 384, contacts R8b, wire 385, contacts RSU, wire 386, and relay R60 to line wire 36|, energizing this space" distributing relay. The contacts R60a close to hold the space relay and the contacts R601) close to establish a circuit from contacts Cl through wire 366, said contacts R6Ib, wire 313, and the number 3 tape punch magnet 232. The space signal is thus punched in the tape. The escape magnet is energized concurrently with the distributing relay R60 and the card CD2 escapes to the next column. The sensing and punching then proceeds in the manner previously described.

By the means last described a key code signal, for delaying purposes, is punched in the tape, even when the iirst column sensed, in a card, is a. blank. Thus the space signal representing this column does not become lost and the agreement in form of the printed tabulation and the control record is preserved.

While there have been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a preferred embodiment it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details ofthe device illustrated and in its operation may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the following claim.

What is claimed is:

In apparatus for converting records in a statistical lcode having a separate code designation for each character, into records insa telegraphic code having code designations of alternatively alphabetical or numerical class signicance, as

' determined by associated key signals, the statistical code records being on separate cards whereon the code designations of diiTerent characters are placed in different columns and spaces" are denoted by blank columns; record card reading means comprising card holding means and card sensing means relatively reciprocable to cause the columns of a record card to be sensed in sequence; telegraphic code recording means including a group of code elements operable singly and in various combinations to record the telegraphic code signals; translating means controlled by said reading means to operate said code elements selectively, to record in telegraphic code the characters read from said record cards; supervisory means controlled by said sensing means and differently responsive to the sensing on the record cards of characters of the two different classes; designating means adapted to control said code elements, said designating means being controlled by said supervisory means to cause said code elements to record either of two different key signals, depending upon the class of character sensed; said supervisory means including auxiliary means to render the same responsive to the sensing of a blank column, to cause said designating means to control said code elements so as to record a key signal; and means to render said auxiliary means effective only when said sensing means senses a particular column, other than the last column. of the record cards.

EDWARD J. RABENDA.

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