US235945A - Hot-air furnace - Google Patents

Description

(MModaL) I L. GOULD.

H01; AirPurnaoe;

5,945. Patented awes, I880.

Nix-trans. PHOTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGWN. n, c

Uwrrnn STATES ATENT rrica,

LYMAN GOULD, OF NORWICH, CONNECTICUT.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,945, dated December 28, 1880,

Application filed October 19, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN GOULD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Norwich, in the county of New London and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces for Warming Dwellings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of furnaces used for warming dwelling-houses and other buildings in which the heated air employed for that purpose is subjected, during the process of warming, first, to direct contact with the outer sides of metallic plates, the opposite sides of which are exposed to the action of the tire; and, secondly, exposing the same air to contact with steam-heated radiating-surfaces before it is allowed to pass into the pipes by which itis conducted to the rooms to be warmed. The object is to produce a heating apparatus in which, as nearly as possible, the full heating effect of the fuel is secured, and which will prevent the danger of fires arising from air heated above the point of ignition passinginto the distributing-pipes and the invention consists in the manner of constructing and arranging the difierent parts of the furnace, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the brick-work of the furnace, with a side view of the boiler and fire-box, the grate-bars and bridge-wall being indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is an end view of the boiler, inclosing brick-work, and tire-box, the metallic front plate being removed, soIasto give aview of the above-named parts.

The boiler A is of that class usually known as tubular cylinders, consisting of a plain cylindrical shell of suitable length, provided with heads which are pierced to receive any desired number of tubes, through which the products of combustion pass on their way to the chimney. Upon each side and across one (No model.)

end of this boiler, near its water-line, are secured, by rivets, the angle irons a, and depending from and secured to these angleirons, by rivets or other suitable means, are the side plates, 13, and end plate, B, preferably formed of cast iron, although wrought-iron plates maybe used; but their liability to warp under the exposure to sudden variations of temperature renders them, in some respects, less desirable. These plates 13 and B form three sides of the coinbustion-ol'lamber beneath the boiler, the bottom of said chamber being formed bythe cast-iron plate C, provided with an upwardly projecting flange, or having a groove around its edge, which receives and holds in position the lower edges of the plates B and B. in one end of this combustion-chamher is placed the lire-box D, its sides being formed by the brick walls I) b lining the inner sides of the plates B at that point, while its rear is formed by the bridge-wall I) connecting the rear ends of the walls I) b. This firebox is supplied with a grate, c, of any approved construction, beneath which is the ash-pit E. Both firebox and ash-pit are supplied with suitable doors formed in the front plate, F, which covers the whole front of the furnace except the necessary openings for the introduction of fuel, removal of ashes, and exit of smoke and gases.

' A plate, B, may, if desired, be placed upon the brick-work over the door to the fire-box, with its upper edge concaved to fitthe lower side of the boiler; or its place may be filled by a wall of brick fitting snugly and assisting to support the front end of the boiler.

A smoke box or jacket, G, is also attached to the front plate F, and covers an orifice in said plate corresponding to the end of the boiler next it, for the purpose of receiving and carrying to the chimney the products of combustion upon their exit from the boiler-tubes.

Rising from the top of the boiler is a steampipe, d, which conveys the steam produced to the radiator E. This radiator may be composed of a series of tubes arranged in the manner shown, or it may be formed in any of the well-known methods now in use for constructin g such an apparatus, the point desired being to furnish such an amount of radiating-surface as shall enable the air to take up enough of the steam-heat to reconvert the steam into water, which flows back into the boiler, thus requiring but a small quantity of water to keep the latter supplied, it being necessary to simply supply the loss from unavoidable leakage.

The apparatus hereinbefore described is all supportedupon the piers e, which are placed beneath the bottom plate, (J, thus raising the latter sufficiently to admit of a free circulation of air beneath it. The cold air being preferably introduced at the point a, beneath the ash-pit, passes along beneath the warmed plate 0 and out and upward atits sides and ends, as indicated by the arrows.

It will be seen that the devices for producing heat and imparting it to the air are all inclosed within a chamber formed by the Walls I, which surround it upon all sides, while the top of the chamber is formed by a ceiling of brick or other non-conductor of heat, arched or otherwise supported, and only pierced by the openings f for the exit of heated air.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows: A fire having been started upon the grate, the products of combustion pass over the bridgewall into the large combustion-chamber in its rear, where the smoke and gases are thoroughly mixed and their perfect combustion insured by the introduction of more air, if necessary. From this point they pass through the tubes of the'boiler to the smoke-box and chimney, by which time their useful heat will have been imparted to the plates of the combustionchamber and water of the boiler, which water, when converted into steam, rises up and fills the radiator placed above the boiler. The cold air entering beneath the bottom plate receives its first installment ofl eatfrom that source. As it then passes upward between the side and end plates which form the walls of the combustion-chamber and the outer walls, I, inclosing the air-chamber, it becomes still further heated, and in its course toward the exit-pipe or pipes f, through the steam coil or radiator, it receives, if below, the heat of steam, an addition to its temperature but if it be already above that point, a portion or the whole of this excess will'be abstracted by the steamcoil, reducing the heat of the air before it enters the exit-pipes to a point below that of ignition, thus preventing danger of fire from over-heated air. Another advantage gained by the use of this apparatus is that the great amount of heat stored in the water of the boiler will keep up the supply of heated air for some time after the fire has become low or gone out entirelya result which is of great value where wood or peat is used as fuel, it being unnecessary to keep up the fires during the night, as the apparatus will continue to give out a fair supply of heat for some hours after the fire has been completely extinguished.

Having thus described my invention, I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, the following:

1. In an apparatus for heating air, the combination, with acombustion-chamber the sides of which are formed by the union of vertical radiating-plates, and the top by a steam-boiler to which said plates are united by means of angle-irons, of a steam-radiator attached above the boiler, the whole being supported on suitable piers and surrounded by an inclosingairchamber provided with inlet and outlet tubes, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In an apparatus for heating air, the combination of the boiler A, radiator H, vertical plates B B B, united to the boiler by angleirons a, bottom plate, 0, supported on piers e, lining-walls b b, bridge-wall b, grate c, and inclosing-wall I, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

, LYMAN GOULD.

Witnesses:

JAMES A. HovEY, CHAS. F. THAYER.

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