US2356497A - Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of fibrous pulp of the paper industry - Google Patents

Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of fibrous pulp of the paper industry Download PDF

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Publication number
US2356497A
US2356497A US292382A US29238239A US2356497A US 2356497 A US2356497 A US 2356497A US 292382 A US292382 A US 292382A US 29238239 A US29238239 A US 29238239A US 2356497 A US2356497 A US 2356497A
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drum
contaminations
pulp
casing
centrifugal
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US292382A
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English (en)
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Banning Helmuth
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of, and apparatus for, the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of, fibrous pulps of the paper industry, by means of a'centrifugal apparatus having a fixed outer wall guiding the pulp.
  • the invention aims at a centrifugal method which is not interrupted by a periodical emptying out of the heavy particles accumulated in the centrifugal spaces.
  • Centrifugal machines which act as centrifugal sorting machines, the suspension of pulp being forced through a rapidly rotating perforated drum.
  • these sorting machines the contaminations are only sorted out according to the widths of the perforations of the perforated drum. Contamlnations are retained in front of the sieve (considered in the direction of the current) while the fine fibres pass through it.
  • the disadvantage of these known machines is due to the fact that the sieves are .very liable to cloggin Centrifugal machines also acting as centrifugal sorting machines are also known, where the pulp and the contaminations of greater specific gravity pass through a rapidly rotating drum sieve to a chamber outside the drum. In such cases, the
  • I contaminations are mainly separated out by gravity in a casing which is conically widened in the direction towards the outlet.
  • the outer chamber of the centrifugal machine contains the contaminations as well as the pulp to be purified
  • the drum sieve only serves the purpose of retaining contaminations of greater dimensions. As the contaminations and the pulp to be purified are present sideby side, it cannot be avoided that contaminations getinto the outlet for the pulp to be purified.
  • the purified pulp may be passed on for further use without being subjectedto any further purifying opera-' tion.
  • the purified pulp may, for example, be passed on direct to the paper machine.
  • the sludge or'pulp suspension to be purified is introduced near the shaft into a fixed centrifugal casing which is closed on all sides.
  • a drum perforated'in some places rotates with high speed inside the centrifugal casing, imparts rotation to the pulp and divides the centrifugal space into two separate centrifugal zones.
  • the suspension tobe purified enters the inner centrifugal zone through an aperture in the end wall of the casing and leaves it, purified, at the other end.
  • the contaminations pass through the apertures in the centrifugal drum and collect in a suspension of pulp at the wall of the outer casing, which suspension is also subjected to the centrifugal effect and becomes more and more dense towards the outer side.
  • the contaminations are directly withdrawn from the outer centrifugal zone either'continuously or periodically.
  • Sedimentation along the drum in the inner centrifugal zone may, in the case of the apparatus according to the invention, be repeatedly interrupted by substantially'radial surfaces which deflect the current of pulp either towards the I inside or towards the outside, thereby facilitating the separation of the contaminations.
  • the contaminations are.retained by the surfaces, in
  • the passage apertures in the drum are preferably arranged.
  • the contaminations pass through these apertures into the outer zone. Sedimentation in the outer zone may also be effected in separate steps, the heavy substances being collected at the wall of the centrifugal body, perhaps by ribs or shoulders, from where they are led off separately.
  • the outer wall thereof may, for example, be given a special conical shape so as to increase the percentage of contaminations in the pulp at the point of withdrawal.
  • a definite control of the centrifuging and of the sedimenting operations and of the withdrawal of the contaminations may be effected by p oviding inside the centrifugal space a circuit from the inner to the outer zone and back to the inlet side.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section of a centrifugal machine
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are side views of centrifugal machines having modified casings.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical,longitudinal sections of centrifugal machines with different means for guiding the pulp
  • Fig.6 is a vertical, longitudinal section of a. different embodiment of a centrifugal machine
  • Fig. '7 is a cross-section of a centrifugal drum
  • Fig. 8 is a view of an end face of a centrifugal drum.
  • the centrifugal machine consists, for example, of a cylindrical casing l, at one end face 2 of which the suspension is admitted through a curved tube fitting 3.
  • the suspension leaves through the curved tube fitting 5 at the opposite end wall 4.
  • the centrifugal shaft 6 is situated inside the casing, has its bearings outside there- I of, and is rapidly rotated by means of a suitable drive. Inside the fixed centrifugal casing, the
  • shaft carries the frusto-conical body 1.
  • Radial arms 8, mounted on the body 1, carrythe perforated centrifugal drum 9.
  • the arms at the front end of the body I may be shaped to form vanes 10.
  • a tube l i Fitted to the outer wall of the casing is a tube l i for the withdrawal of the suspension accumulated'inside the wall, which suspension contains the particles of dirt. Withdrawal can either be effected continuously in small quantities, or the aperture is opened periodically as soon as considerable quantities of dirt have accumulated inside the outer wall.
  • the body 1 forces the admitted pulp, which moves along the shaft, to flow radially, whereby it enters the zone of influence of the rotating centrifugal drum 9 and is also rotated.
  • the current of pulp following body I forces said pulp along the drum having a perforated wall, so that the pulp fills the entire internal space-of the closed casing l of'the centrifugal machine. While the pulp passes through the centrifugal zone along thecylindrical wall of the drum which may, for example-, be perforated, an increase in the density of the suspension occurs in the direction towards the outer wall of the casing, but this increase is limited because of the setting up in the space between drum and casing of eddy currents near the fixed wall prevents further densification.
  • the heavy contaminations contained in the current of pulp are caused to pass through the apertures in the wall of the drum and collect in the suspension contained between the fixed wall and the rotating wall of the drum.
  • the purified pulp on the other hand, flow's along the inner wall of the perforated drum to the other end of the closed casing and leaves through an opening 9-5 in the end wall 9--a.
  • the fixed casing may be so constructed that the dirt separated out collects mostly in the vicinity of the connecting fittings of the pipe ll.
  • is constructed conically, and the tube H is connected at a point where the diameter of the cone is the greatest, and where the particles of dirt mainly collect.
  • the perforated drum 39 may also be constructed conically.
  • Fig. 3 shows a centrifugal machine of this type having an outer shell 32 set oil in steps. Tubes I I are connected to each end of a step. Instead of a cylindrical outer shell, an outer shell having conical steps of any other type may also be employed (Fig. 5).
  • a further improvement in the purifying process is obtained by arranging annular shoulders I2 inside the rotating drum 38, or of rings I 4 inside the fixed outer shell I, as is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the body 31 carries rings l3
  • the rotating drum 38 carries annular shoulders l2 projecting towards the inside, the pulp being alternatingly deflected to the inside and to the outside 'by the .edges of these parts.
  • the shoulders I! are conveniently arranged to widen conically in the directionof the axial flow, so that heavy particles may deposit behindthe shoulders, being separated out of the pulp passing over the edges of the shoulders.
  • the portions of the fixed casing 33 form conical sub-divisions.
  • the cones forming the casing widen in the direction towards the outlet for the purified pulp and are connected with the adjoining conicalportion by radially disposed surfaces.
  • the tubes It are attached at the bottom of the centrifugal machine in front of the respective 'radial surfaces.
  • Radial ribs [5 are conveniently provided on the outer shell of the centrifugal drum-3E, deflecting towards the outer wall the heavy particles separated out in the outer zone.
  • the inlet side of the drum 35 is constructed as a rotor 34 of a pump.
  • a different system of guiding the pulp in the inner zone of the centrifugal drum 36 is-obtained by an alte'rnating arrangement of radial partition walls I6 between the drum 36 and the body 35. Openings I! are provided in the partition walls and are alternatingly disposed near the drum and-near the body, or half way between the two, whereby passages for the pulp are formed at different distances from the axis of rotation. This results in that even the finest contaminations are separated out, the specific gravity of which approximates that of the pulp fibres.
  • Fig. 6 shows a construction of the casing 33 having a helical inlet F8 for the pulp and a helical outlet l9 for the pulp. This permits a utilisation of the kinetic energy of the pulp as admitted, in.
  • the casing 33 is, for example, conically widened in the direction towards tneinlet, slightly first and more later, whereby an annular pocket 20 is formed from which the dirty pulp is withdrawn.
  • a conical tube 2! surrounding the shaft is provided for'the retention of the light constituents. That tube receives the light contaminations which, in view of the centrifugal force, move towards the shaft, so that they may be withdrawn throughthe pipe 22.
  • the construction of the rotary perforated drum 29 may also vary, depending on the type of suspension to be purified. For the separation of finer contaminations it is sufficient to use a shell perfo rated by fine holes, while larger perforations are provided forthe purification of pulp having coarser contaminations.
  • FIG. 7 A convenient embodimentof a centrifugal drum is shown in Fig. 7. Rings 24 serving for the retention of the contaminations of the suspension carry ribs 25 which extend axially and leave between each other slots through which the heavy particles pass.
  • An apparatus for the continuous purifica tion of suspensions or sludges particularly of fibrous pulp as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations'of higher specific gravity comprising a fixed casing, an enclosed drum having inlet and discharge openings at its ends, respectively, and aperture only on its cylindrical face, rotatably arranged in said casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial annular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent the cylindrical wall of said drum, said apertures being of a size exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for unobstructedly admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 having the outlet opening disposed centrally, relatively to the axis of the drum, in the casing, and havin an outlet opening of a diameter which is smaller than that of the drum. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, where the ends of the drum have inwardly projecting rims. 5.
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of the fibrous pulp as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of higher specific gravity comprising a fi;-.ed casing, an enclosed drum having inlet and discharge openings at its ends, respectively, and apertures only on its cylindrical face, rotatably arranged in the casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial annular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent the cylindrical wall of said drum, said apertures being of asize exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum, outlet means for unobstructe dly discharging the purified suspension from the interior of the drum at one end of the drum, said outlet being restricted to cause a higher density of pulp in the ,space between said drum and casing and an accumula-' tion of said contaminations in said space, an additional outlet for purified suspensions concentric with said drum and of such diameter that said suspensions flow freely therethrough in
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of the fibrous pulp as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of higher specific gravity comprising a fixed casing, an enclosed drum having inlet and discharge openings at its ends, respectively, and apertures only in its cylindrical face, rotatably arranged in said casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial annular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent the cylindrical wall of said drum, said apertures being of a size exceeding that of the contaminatio-ns, inlet means for admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum, outletmeans for unobstructedly discharging the purified suspension from the interior of the drum at the end of the drum, means for the rapid
  • the said deflecting surfaces consist ofj'transverse walls alternatingly arranged on the shaft of the drum and on the wall of the drum.
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of the fibrous pulps as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of higher specific gravity comprising a fixed casing, a drum rotatably ar-- ranged in the casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extendin radial anthe drum at the end of the drum, means "for the rapid rotation of the drum to cause contaminations of higher specific gravity to pass out through said apertures, and deflecting surfaces in the space between the outer wall of the drum and the fixed casing, the interior of said. drum being divided into a plurality of annular chambers, each adapted to deflect in a radial direction the flow which is'substantiallyaxial.
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification 1 comprising a fixed casing, a drum rotatably arnular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent thecylindrical wall of said drum, said wall of the drum having aperture of a size exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum, outlet means for unobstructedly discharg-v ranged in said casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial-annular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent the :cylindrical wall of said drum, said wall having apertures of a size exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for admitting the suspension into the interior of the drum, means'for unobstructedly discharging the purified suspension from the interior of the drum at the end of the drum, means for the rapid rotation of the drum to cause contamination of higher specific gravity to pass out through said apertures, deflecting surfaces in the space between the outer wall of the drum and the, fixed casing,
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges,'especially of the fibrous pulps as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of higher specific gravity consisting of a fixed casing, a drum rotatably arranged in said casing, said drum having a diameter smaller than that of the casing and apertures of a size exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for admittin the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the.
  • outlet mean for unobstructedly discharging the purified suspension from the interior of the drum at the end of the drum, means for the rapid rotation of the drum to cause contaminations of higher specific gravity to pass out through said apertures, and a tube co-axially arranged at the end of the drum and adapted to remove contaminations of lower specific gravity, said tube having a smaller diameter than the outlet aperture of the drum.
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of the fibrous pulps as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of a higher specific gravity comprising a fixed casing, a drum rotatably arranged in said casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial annular members forming communicating annular compartments adjacent the cylindrical wall of said drum, said wall having apertures of asize exceeding that of the contaminations, inlet means for admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum, outlet means for unobstructedly discharging the puriefied suspension from the interior of the drum at the end of the drum, and means for the rapid rotation of the drum to cause contaminations of higher specific gravity to pass out through said apertures, said inlet means and outlet means having approximately radial ribs.
  • Apparatus for the continuous purification v of suspensions or sludges, especially of the fibrous pulps as used in the paper industry, which contain contaminations of a higher specific gravity comprising a fixed casing, a drum rotatably arranged in said casing, said drum being provided with inwardly and outwardly extending radial annular'members forming communicating annula r compartments adjacent the cylindrical wall of said drum, said wall being provided with apertures, inlet means for admitting the suspension and the contaminations into the interior of the drum, outlet means for unobstructedly discharging the purified suspension from the interior of the drum at the end of the drum, and means for the rapid rotation of the drum to cause contaminations of higher specific gravity to pas:- ut through said apertures, the ends of the drum hav ing inwardly projecting edges provided with ribs and grooves.

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US292382A 1938-09-01 1939-08-29 Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of fibrous pulp of the paper industry Expired - Lifetime US2356497A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM142664D DE717978C (de) 1938-09-01 1938-09-01 Vorrichtung zum ununterbrochenen Reinigen von Aufschwemmungen oder Schlaemmen, insbesondere Faserstoffen der Papierindustrie

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US2356497A true US2356497A (en) 1944-08-22

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US292382A Expired - Lifetime US2356497A (en) 1938-09-01 1939-08-29 Apparatus for the continuous purification of suspensions or sludges, especially of fibrous pulp of the paper industry

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US (1) US2356497A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH223311A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE717978C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR861417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL58122C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899064A (en) * 1959-08-11 Rotary pulp screens
US3451550A (en) * 1967-06-12 1969-06-24 Baker Perkins Inc Centrifugal machine
CN113058414A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-02 涂品云 一种节能环保的水循环废气处理装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2548578C3 (de) * 1975-10-30 1979-08-23 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Vorrichtung zur Abscheidung von Verunreinigungen in Faserstoffsuspensionen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899064A (en) * 1959-08-11 Rotary pulp screens
US3451550A (en) * 1967-06-12 1969-06-24 Baker Perkins Inc Centrifugal machine
CN113058414A (zh) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-02 涂品云 一种节能环保的水循环废气处理装置
CN113058414B (zh) * 2021-04-21 2023-08-01 广东正州环保科技股份有限公司 一种节能环保的水循环废气处理装置

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FR861417A (fr) 1941-02-08
DE717978C (de) 1942-02-27
NL58122C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1946-08-15
CH223311A (de) 1942-09-15

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