US2354006A - Aluminium base alloy with protective coating - Google Patents
Aluminium base alloy with protective coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2354006A US2354006A US377049A US37704941A US2354006A US 2354006 A US2354006 A US 2354006A US 377049 A US377049 A US 377049A US 37704941 A US37704941 A US 37704941A US 2354006 A US2354006 A US 2354006A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- aluminium base
- layer
- base alloy
- protective coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/016—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/934—Electrical process
- Y10S428/935—Electroplating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/936—Chemical deposition, e.g. electroless plating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component
Definitions
- aluminium lalloys containing at the same time magnesium, zinc, copper, nickel, and having the following compositions: y
- the layer of aluminiumzinc alloy can advantageously be incorporated all the known elements for promoting the obtainment or the maintenance of a ne grain during the manufacture (melting, casting), heat treatments and mechanical distortions, such as small quantities of V, Ti, Zr, Mn, etc. together or separately but in total quantities smaller than 27
- the elemennts entering into the composition of the protecting layerabove defined could be the usual metalsi'ound on the market or, if a marked incorrodibility of the layer is to be ensured, use vwill be made of the purest metals, so-called reiined metals, that is to say of very low content in impurities, titratlng more than 99.90%.
- the plating layer of alloy of the above specied composition can be plated on the ingotsor members at any one of the phases of manuture: It can be plated either before any transforming operation, or after the various transforming operations (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.) or on the semi-finished products between certain transforming operations.
- Fig. i shows a sheet of metal with the plating on one side and Fig. 2 with the plating on both sides.
- the protection process applies not only to the manufacture of members obtained by mechanical transformation processes (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.) which utilise either ingots, or seminished products, but also applies to the case of foundry members, that is to say, to cast members used after more or less complex machining (fettling, drilling, milling, etc.).
- the plating metal may be case or Welded to the foundation metal by any of the well known casting or welding processes.
- the protecting alloy layer of the composition specified can also be secured by atomizing by a known process said protecting metal either at the surface of a cast ingot adapted to be transformed by one of the known means (extrusion, forging, stamping, etc.), or at the surface of members adapted to be used such as they come from casting, or again, at the surface of blanks adapted to be subjected to a complementary transforming operation by a known process (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc), or at the surface of iinshed members obtained by known processes (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.)
- I'he protecting layer of the composition specified can also be produced by an electrolytic process, or by a chemical process such as surface precipitation or cementation, that is to say by a modification of the composition of the supercial part of theingot by the action of salts, metals, alloys, intermetallic compounds or mixtures of these various bodies. These modifications can be effected on the ingots, sand-cast or chill-cast members, finished or semi-finished products.
- Said cementatlon can consist, as usual, in increasing the content of the cortical layer in certain elements (Zn, for instance), or in diminishing the content in certain other elements (Mg for instance), or by evaporation (eventually during the heat treatment), or by oxidation (by tempering in a' bath which can be an oxidizingy molten bath such as potassium bichromate), or by any other reaction with a gaseous atmosphere,
- the plated members, finished or semi-finished products obtained can be subjected to ameliorating heat treatments suited to the foundation alloy.
- the dissolving treatment could eventually be prolonged until nearly complete homogenization of the plating layer and the foundation metal, or of the plating layer, the intermediate layer and the foundation metal, or of the intermediate layer and of one of the two other layers, if necessary for ensuring the suitable cohesion of the layers one to the other, for instance in view of important plastic or nonplastic distortions to which the member thus treated is to be subsequently subjected; or again for increasing the average mechanical characteristics of the compound product.
- a sheet metal plate 1 mm. thick was prepared with an aluminium base alloy having the compo sition:
- a sheet metal plate 1 mm. thick was prepared with the same alloy, but covered on both sides for about 5% of the thickness, with an aluminvis im alloy containing 3% of zinc. Treated in the same conditions as above, this sheet metal plate showed the *following characteristics:
Description
July 18, 1944. G. GAUTHIER 2,354,006
ALUMINUM BAISE ALLOY WITH PROTECTIVE COTING Filed Feb. l, 1941 Patented July 18, 1944 ALUMINIUM BASE ALLOY WITH PROTECTIVE COATING Gaston Gauthier, Chambery,
Savoie, France;
vested in the Alien Propertyy Custodian Application February 1, 1941, Serial In France January 26, 1940 1 Claim.
For several years it' has been endeavoured to use aluminium lalloys containing at the same time magnesium, zinc, copper, nickel, and having the following compositions: y
Per cent Zn Up to 15 Mg Up to 7 Cu Up to Ni Up to 3 Al substantially the remainder cracking corrosion has not in fact been obtained.
I'he applicant has noticed the surprising fact that a layer of plating, constituted by an aluminium alloy mainly containing zinc, ensured the protection; the zinc content must be higher than 0.5%.
Either in order to facilitate the intimate Welding of the layer of plating with the alloy member to be protected, or to modify in a definite direction the diffusion between the layers of the alloy elements 'during the heat treatment, or for any other reason, a layer of metal or alloy, of different composition than that of both alloys, for
instance a layer of aluminium of selected purity, f
may be interposed between the layer of plating and the foundation metal.
In the layer of aluminiumzinc alloy can advantageously be incorporated all the known elements for promoting the obtainment or the maintenance of a ne grain during the manufacture (melting, casting), heat treatments and mechanical distortions, such as small quantities of V, Ti, Zr, Mn, etc. together or separately but in total quantities smaller than 27 The elemennts entering into the composition of the protecting layerabove defined could be the usual metalsi'ound on the market or, if a marked incorrodibility of the layer is to be ensured, use vwill be made of the purest metals, so-called reiined metals, that is to say of very low content in impurities, titratlng more than 99.90%.
The plating layer of alloy of the above specied composition, can be plated on the ingotsor members at any one of the phases of manuture: It can be plated either before any transforming operation, or after the various transforming operations (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.) or on the semi-finished products between certain transforming operations.
Referring to the drawing, Fig. i shows a sheet of metal with the plating on one side and Fig. 2 with the plating on both sides.
The protection process applies not only to the manufacture of members obtained by mechanical transformation processes (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.) which utilise either ingots, or seminished products, but also applies to the case of foundry members, that is to say, to cast members used after more or less complex machining (fettling, drilling, milling, etc.).
The plating metal may be case or Welded to the foundation metal by any of the well known casting or welding processes.
The protecting alloy layer of the composition specified can also be secured by atomizing by a known process said protecting metal either at the surface of a cast ingot adapted to be transformed by one of the known means (extrusion, forging, stamping, etc.), or at the surface of members adapted to be used such as they come from casting, or again, at the surface of blanks adapted to be subjected to a complementary transforming operation by a known process (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc), or at the surface of iinshed members obtained by known processes (extrusion, forging, rolling, etc.)
I'he protecting layer of the composition specified can also be produced by an electrolytic process, or by a chemical process such as surface precipitation or cementation, that is to say by a modification of the composition of the supercial part of theingot by the action of salts, metals, alloys, intermetallic compounds or mixtures of these various bodies. These modifications can be effected on the ingots, sand-cast or chill-cast members, finished or semi-finished products.
Said cementatlon can consist, as usual, in increasing the content of the cortical layer in certain elements (Zn, for instance), or in diminishing the content in certain other elements (Mg for instance), or by evaporation (eventually during the heat treatment), or by oxidation (by tempering in a' bath which can be an oxidizingy molten bath such as potassium bichromate), or by any other reaction with a gaseous atmosphere,
a liquid or solid salt, an alloy, or a suitable mixture of these bodies.
The plated members, finished or semi-finished products obtained can be subjected to ameliorating heat treatments suited to the foundation alloy. The dissolving treatment could eventually be prolonged until nearly complete homogenization of the plating layer and the foundation metal, or of the plating layer, the intermediate layer and the foundation metal, or of the intermediate layer and of one of the two other layers, if necessary for ensuring the suitable cohesion of the layers one to the other, for instance in view of important plastic or nonplastic distortions to which the member thus treated is to be subsequently subjected; or again for increasing the average mechanical characteristics of the compound product.
Solely for giving an idea of the eillciency of the process as regards protection against corrosion, by way of example, the following experiment will be cited:
A sheet metal plate 1 mm. thick was prepared with an aluminium base alloy having the compo sition:
Per cent Fe 0.60 Si 0.60 Mg 3.20 Cu 1.90 Zn 5.20 Ni 0.10 Ti 0.20
Itv showed as characteristics, after quenching at 475 C. and annealing to 120 for 24 hours:
Tensile strength=55 kg./mm.2 Elonsation=14.'7%
25 and 40 kg./mm.n and the elongations became so small that it was impossible to measure them. Their micrographic examination shows that' an important 4intercrystalline corrosion had taken place.
A sheet metal plate 1 mm. thick was prepared with the same alloy, but covered on both sides for about 5% of the thickness, with an aluminvis im alloy containing 3% of zinc. Treated in the same conditions as above, this sheet metal plate showed the *following characteristics:
Tensile strength= lig/mm.2 Elongation= 15 After being maintained for three months in a salt mist, one obtained:
Tensile strength=50 kg./mm.2 Elongation=13.5%
up to 15%, minor significant quantities of magnesium up to 7% and copper up to 5% and nickel up to 3%, respectively, an adherent coatving thereon comprising an aluminium base alloy containing a minor quantity of zinc in an yamount of the order of4 0.53.0% but not les@ than 0.5%.
GASTON GAUTHIER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2354006X | 1940-01-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2354006A true US2354006A (en) | 1944-07-18 |
Family
ID=9685129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US377049A Expired - Lifetime US2354006A (en) | 1940-01-26 | 1941-02-01 | Aluminium base alloy with protective coating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2354006A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2742688A (en) * | 1952-06-18 | 1956-04-24 | Aluminum Co Of America | Duplex aluminous products and articles |
| US2800709A (en) * | 1952-08-22 | 1957-07-30 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method of making composite stock |
| US2821014A (en) * | 1951-05-31 | 1958-01-28 | Aluminum Co Of America | Composite aluminous metal article |
| US2990609A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-07-04 | Ohmi Rihei | Casting made of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| US3093459A (en) * | 1958-08-02 | 1963-06-11 | Aluminium Ind Ag | Method for manufacturing highly polishable sheets of aluminum |
| US3168381A (en) * | 1960-09-01 | 1965-02-02 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum alloy and article |
| US3312536A (en) * | 1963-06-19 | 1967-04-04 | Olin Mathieson | Composite aluminum alloy |
| US3418090A (en) * | 1966-03-14 | 1968-12-24 | Reynolds Metals Co | Composite aluminum article |
| US3649227A (en) * | 1970-01-26 | 1972-03-14 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum composite |
| US4571368A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1986-02-18 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Aluminum and zinc sacrificial alloy |
| US5476725A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1995-12-19 | Aluminum Company Of America | Clad metallurgical products and methods of manufacture |
-
1941
- 1941-02-01 US US377049A patent/US2354006A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2821014A (en) * | 1951-05-31 | 1958-01-28 | Aluminum Co Of America | Composite aluminous metal article |
| US2742688A (en) * | 1952-06-18 | 1956-04-24 | Aluminum Co Of America | Duplex aluminous products and articles |
| US2800709A (en) * | 1952-08-22 | 1957-07-30 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Method of making composite stock |
| US2990609A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-07-04 | Ohmi Rihei | Casting made of aluminum or aluminum alloy |
| US3093459A (en) * | 1958-08-02 | 1963-06-11 | Aluminium Ind Ag | Method for manufacturing highly polishable sheets of aluminum |
| US3168381A (en) * | 1960-09-01 | 1965-02-02 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum alloy and article |
| US3312536A (en) * | 1963-06-19 | 1967-04-04 | Olin Mathieson | Composite aluminum alloy |
| US3418090A (en) * | 1966-03-14 | 1968-12-24 | Reynolds Metals Co | Composite aluminum article |
| US3649227A (en) * | 1970-01-26 | 1972-03-14 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Aluminum composite |
| US4571368A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1986-02-18 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Aluminum and zinc sacrificial alloy |
| US5476725A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1995-12-19 | Aluminum Company Of America | Clad metallurgical products and methods of manufacture |
| US5669436A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1997-09-23 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method of continuously casting composite strip |
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